The Human Stain

Philip Roth

VINTAGE INTERNATIONAL

VINTAGE BOOKS

A DIVISION OF RANDOM HOUSE, INC.

NEW YORK

FIRST VINTAGE INTERNATIONAL EDITION, MAY 2001

Copyright © 2000 by Philip Roth

All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. Published in

the United States by Vintage Books, a division of Random House, Inc., New York, and

simultaneously in Canada by Random House of Canada Limited, Toronto. Originally published

in hardcover in the United States by Houghton Mifflin Company, New York, in 2000. This

edition published by special arrangement with Houghton Mifflin Company.

Vintage is a registered trademark and Vintage International and colophon are trademarks of

Random House, Inc.

The quotation from Oedipus the King is from the David Grene translation

(Three Greek Tragedies in Translation, University of Chicago Press, 1942). The

dictionary definitions on pp. 84 and 85 are from The Random House Dictionary

of the English Language (1973, p.1375). The author wishes to acknowledge as a

primary source Gouldtown, a Very Remarkable Settlement of Ancient Date, by

William Steward and Theophilus G. Steward (I. B. Lippincott Co., 1913).

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Roth, Philip. The human stain / Philip Roth.

p. cm.

ISBN: 0-375-72634-9

PS3568.O855 H8 2001

813'.54—dc21

00-063391

www.vintagebooks.com

Printed in the United States of America 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11

For R. M.

OEDIPUS:

What is the rite

of purification? How shall it be done?

CREON:

By banishing a man, or expiation of blood by blood...

—Sophocles, Oedipus the King

1

Everyone Knows

IT WAS in the summer of 1998 that my neighbor Coleman Silk—

who, before retiring two years earlier, had been a classics professor

at nearby Athena College for some twenty-odd years as well as serving

for sixteen more as the dean of faculty—confided to me that, at

the age of seventy-one, he was having an affair with a thirty-fouryear-

old cleaning woman who worked down at the college. Twice a

week she also cleaned the rural post office, a small gray clapboard

shack that looked as if it might have sheltered an Okie family from

the winds of the Dust Bowl back in the 1930s and that, sitting alone

and forlorn across from the gas station and the general store, flies

its American flag at the junction of the two roads that mark the

commercial center of this mountainside town.

Coleman had first seen the woman mopping the post office floor

when he went around late one day, a few minutes before closing

time, to get his mail—a thin, tall, angular woman with graying

blond hair yanked back into a ponytail and the kind of severely

sculpted features customarily associated with the church-ruled,

hardworking goodwives who suffered through New England's

harsh beginnings, stern colonial women locked up within the reigning

morality and obedient to it. Her name was Faunia Farley, and

whatever miseries she endured she kept concealed behind one of

those inexpressive bone faces that hide nothing and bespeak an

THE HUMAN STAIN

immense loneliness. Faunia lived in a room at a local dairy farm

where she helped with the milking in order to pay her rent. She'd

had two years of high school education.

The summer that Coleman took me into his confidence about

Faunia Farley and their secret was the summer, fittingly enough,

that Bill Clinton's secret emerged in every last mortifying detail—

every last lifelike detail, the livingness, like the mortification, exuded

by the pungency of the specific data. We hadn't had a season

like it since somebody stumbled upon the new Miss America nude

in an old issue of Penthouse, pictures of her elegantly posed on her

knees and on her back that forced the shamed young woman to relinquish

her crown and go on to become a huge pop star. Ninetyeight

in New England was a summer of exquisite warmth and sunshine,

in baseball a summer of mythical battle between a home-run

god who was white and a home-run god who was brown, and in

America the summer of an enormous piety binge, a purity binge,

when terrorism—which had replaced communism as the prevailing

threat to the country's security—was succeeded by cocksucking,

and a virile, youthful middle-aged president and a brash, smitten

twenty-one-year-old employee carrying on in the Oval Office

like two teenage kids in a parking lot revived America's oldest communal

passion, historically perhaps its most treacherous and subversive

pleasure: the ecstasy of sanctimony. In the Congress, in the

press, and on the networks, the righteous grandstanding creeps,

crazy to blame, deplore, and punish, were everywhere out moralizing

to beat the band: all of them in a calculated frenzy with what

Hawthorne (who, in the 1860s, lived not many miles from my door)

identified in the incipient country of long ago as "the persecuting

spirit"; all of them eager to enact the astringent rituals of purification

that would excise the erection from the executive branch,

thereby making things cozy and safe enough for Senator Lieberman's

ten-year-old daughter to watch TV with her embarrassed

daddy again. No, if you haven't lived through 1998, you don't know

what sanctimony is. The syndicated conservative newspaper columnist

William F. Buckley wrote, "When Abelard did it, it was

EVERYONE KNOWS

possible to prevent its happening again," insinuating that the president's

malfeasance—what Buckley elsewhere called Clinton's "incontinent

carnality"—might best be remedied with nothing so

bloodless as impeachment but, rather, by the twelfth-century punishment

meted out to Canon Abelard by the knife-wielding associates

of Abelard's ecclesiastical colleague, Canon Fulbert, for

Abelard's secret seduction of and marriage to Fulbert's niece, the

virgin Heloise. Unlike Khomeini's fatwa condemning to death Salman

Rushdie, Buckley's wistful longing for the corrective retribution

of castration carried with it no financial incentive for any prospective

perpetrator. It was prompted by a spirit no less exacting

than the ayatollah's, however, and in behalf of no less exalted ideals.

It was the summer in America when the nausea returned, when

the joking didn't stop, when the speculation and the theorizing and

the hyperbole didn't stop, when the moral obligation to explain to

one's children about adult life was abrogated in favor of maintaining

in them every illusion about adult life, when the smallness of

people was simply crushing, when some kind of demon had been

unleashed in the nation and, on both sides, people wondered "Why

are we so crazy?," when men and women alike, upon awakening in

the morning, discovered that during the night, in a state of sleep

that transported them beyond envy or loathing, they had dreamed

of the brazenness of Bill Clinton. I myself dreamed of a mammoth

banner, draped dadaistically like a Christo wrapping from one end

of the White House to the other and bearing the legend A HUMAN

BEING LIVES HERE. It was the summer when—for the billionth

time—the jumble, the mayhem, the mess proved itself more subtle

than this one's ideology and that one's morality. It was the summer

when a president's penis was on everyone's mind, and life, in all its

shameless impurity, once again confounded America.

Sometimes on a Saturday, Coleman Silk would give me a ring and

invite me to drive over from my side of the mountain after dinner

to listen to music, or to play, for a penny a point, a little gin rummy,

or to sit in his living room for a couple of hours and sip some co-

THE HUMAN STAIN

gnac and help him get through what was always for him the worst

night of the week. By the summer of 1998, he had been alone up

here—alone in the large old white clapboard house where he'd

raised four children with his wife, Iris—for close to two years, ever

since Iris suffered a stroke and died overnight while he was in the

midst of battling with the college over a charge of racism brought

against him by two students in one of his classes.

Coleman had by then been at Athena almost all his academic

life, an outgoing, sharp-witted, forcefully smooth big-city charmer,

something of a warrior, something of an operator, hardly the prototypical

pedantic professor of Latin and Greek (as witness the

Conversational Greek and Latin Club that he started, heretically, as

a young instructor). His venerable survey course in ancient Greek

literature in translation—known as GHM, for Gods, Heroes, and

Myth—was popular with students precisely because of everything

direct, frank, and unacademically forceful in his comportment.

"You know how European literature begins?" he'd ask, after having

taken the roll at the first class meeting. "With a quarrel. All of European

literature springs from a fight." And then he picked up his

copy of The Iliad and read to the class the opening lines. "'Divine

Muse, sing of the ruinous wrath of Achilles . . . Begin where they

first quarreled, Agamemnon the King of men, and great Achilles.'

And what are they quarreling about, these two violent, mighty

souls? It's as basic as a barroom brawl. They are quarreling over a

woman. A girl, really. A girl stolen from her father. A girl abducted

in a war. Now, Agamemnon much prefers this girl to his wife,

Clytemnestra. 'Clytemnestra is not as good as she is,' he says,

'neither in face nor in figure.' That puts directly enough, does

it not, why he doesn't want to give her up? When Achilles demands

that Agamemnon return the girl to her father in order to assuage

Apollo, the god who is murderously angry about the

circumstances surrounding her abduction, Agamemnon refuses:

he'll agree only if Achilles gives him his girl in exchange. Thus

reigniting Achilles. Adrenal Achilles: the most highly flammable of

EVERYONE KNOWS

explosive wildmen any writer has ever enjoyed portraying; especially

where his prestige and his appetite are concerned, the most

hypersensitive killing machine in the history of warfare. Celebrated

Achilles: alienated and estranged by a slight to his honor. Great

heroic Achilles, who, through the strength of his rage at an insult—

the insult of not getting the girl—isolates himself, positions himself

defiantly outside the very society whose glorious protector he is and

whose need of him is enormous. A quarrel, then, a brutal quarrel

over a young girl and her young body and the delights of sexual rapacity:

there, for better or worse, in this offense against the phallic

entitlement, the phallic dignity, of a powerhouse of a warrior

prince, is how the great imaginative literature of Europe begins, and

that is why, close to three thousand years later, we are going to begin

there today . . ."

Coleman was one of a handful of Jews on the Athena faculty

when he was hired and perhaps among the first of the Jews permitted

to teach in a classics department anywhere in America; a few

years earlier, Athena's solitary Jew had been E. I. Lonoff, the all-butforgotten

short story writer whom, back when I was myself a newly

published apprentice in trouble and eagerly seeking the validation

of a master, I had once paid a memorable visit to here. Through the

eighties and into the nineties, Coleman was also the first and only

Jew ever to serve at Athena as dean of faculty; then, in 1995, after retiring

as dean in order to round out his career back in the classroom,

he resumed teaching two of his courses under the aegis of

the combined languages and literature program that had absorbed

the Classics Department and that was run by Professor Delphine

Roux. As dean, and with the full support of an ambitious new president,

Coleman had taken an antiquated, backwater, Sleepy Hollowish

college and, not without steamrolling, put an end to the

place as a gentlemen's farm by aggressively encouraging the deadwood

among the faculty's old guard to seek early retirement, recruiting

ambitious young assistant professors, and revolutionizing

the curriculum. It's almost a certainty that had he retired, without

THE HUMAN STAIN

incident, in his own good time, there would have been the festschrift,

there would have been the institution of the Coleman Silk

Lecture Series, there would have been a classical studies chair established

in his name, and perhaps—given his importance to the

twentieth-century revitalization of the place—the humanities

building or even North Hall, the college's landmark, would have

been renamed in his honor after his death. In the small academic

world where he had lived the bulk of his life, he would have long

ceased to be resented or controversial or even feared, and, instead,

officially glorified forever.

It was about midway into his second semester back as a fulltime

professor that Coleman spoke the self-incriminating word

that would cause him voluntarily to sever all ties to the college—the

single self-incriminating word of the many millions spoken aloud

in his years of teaching and administering at Athena, and the word

that, as Coleman understood things, directly led to his wife's death.

The class consisted of fourteen students. Coleman had taken attendance

at the beginning of the first several lectures so as to learn

their names. As there were still two names that failed to elicit a response

by the fifth week into the semester, Coleman, in the sixth

week, opened the session by asking, "Does anyone know these people?

Do they exist or are they spooks?"

Later that day he was astonished to be called in by his successor,

the new dean of faculty, to address the charge of racism brought

against him by the two missing students, who turned out to be

black, and who, though absent, had quickly learned of the locution

in which he'd publicly raised the question of their absence. Coleman

told the dean, "I was referring to their possibly ectoplasmic

character. Isn't that obvious? These two students had not attended a

single class. That's all I knew about them. I was using the word in its

customary and primary meaning: 'spook' as a specter or a ghost. I

had no idea what color these two students might be. I had known

perhaps fifty years ago but had wholly forgotten that 'spooks' is an

invidious term sometimes applied to blacks. Otherwise, since I am

totally meticulous regarding student sensibilities, I would never

EVERYONE KNOWS

have used that word. Consider the context: Do they exist or are they

spooks? The charge of racism is spurious. It is preposterous. My

colleagues know it is preposterous and my students know it is preposterous.

The issue, the only issue, is the nonattendance of these

two students and their flagrant and inexcusable neglect of work.

What's galling is that the charge is not just false—it is spectacularly

false." Having said altogether enough in his defense, considering

the matter closed, he left for home.

Now, even ordinary deans, I am told, serving as they do in a no

man's land between the faculty and the higher administration, invariably

make enemies. They don't always grant the salary raises

that are requested or the convenient parking places that are so coveted

or the larger offices professors believe they are entitled to.

Candidates for appointments or promotion, especially in weak departments,

are routinely rejected. Departmental petitions for additional

faculty positions and secretarial help are almost always

turned down, as are requests for reduced teaching loads and for

freedom from early morning classes. Funds for travel to academic

conferences are regularly denied, et cetera, et cetera. But Coleman

had been no ordinary dean, and who he got rid of and how he got

rid of them, what he abolished and what he established, and how

audaciously he performed his job into the teeth of tremendous

resistance succeeded in more than merely slighting or offending a

few odd ingrates and malcontents. Under the protection of Pierce

Roberts, the handsome young hotshot president with all the hair

who came in and appointed him to the deanship—and who told

him, "Changes are going to be made, and anybody who's unhappy

should just think about leaving or early retirement"—Coleman

had overturned everything. When, eight years later, midway

through Coleman's tenure, Roberts accepted a prestigious Big Ten

presidency, it was on the strength of a reputation for all that had

been achieved at Athena in record time—achieved, however, not by

the glamorous president who was essentially a fund-raiser, who'd

taken none of the hits and moved on from Athena heralded and

unscathed, but by his determined dean of faculty.

THE HUMAN STAIN

In the very first month he was appointed dean, Coleman had invited

every faculty member in for a talk, including several senior

professors who were the scions of the old county families who'd

founded and originally endowed the place and who themselves

didn't really need the money but gladly accepted their salaries. Each

of them was instructed beforehand to bring along his or her c.v.,

and if someone didn't bring it, because he or she was too grand,

Coleman had it in front of him on his desk anyway. And for a full

hour he kept them there, sometimes even longer, until, having

so persuasively indicated that things at Athena had at long last

changed, he had begun to make them sweat. Nor did he hesitate to

open the interview by flipping through the c.v. and saying, "For the

last eleven years, just what have you been doing?" And when they

told him, as an overwhelming number of the faculty did, that

they'd been publishing regularly in Athena Notes, when he'd heard

one time too many about the philological, bibliographical, or archaeological

scholarly oddment each of them annually culled from

an ancient Ph.D. dissertation for "publication" in the mimeographed

quarterly bound in gray cardboard that was cataloged nowhere

on earth but in the college library, he was reputed to have

dared to break the Athena civility code by saying, "In other words,

you people recycle your own trash." Not only did he then shut

down Athena Notes by returning the tiny bequest to the donor—

the father-in-law of the editor—but, to encourage early retirement,

he forced the deadest of the deadwood out of the courses they'd

been delivering by rote for the last twenty or thirty years and into

freshman English and the history survey and the new freshman orientation

program held during the hot last days of the summer. He

eliminated the ill-named Scholar of the Year Prize and assigned the

thousand dollars elsewhere. For the first time in the college's history,

he made people apply formally, with a detailed project description,

for paid sabbatical leave, which was more often than not

denied. He got rid of the clubby faculty lunchroom, which boasted

the most exquisite of the paneled oak interiors on the campus, converted

it back into the honors seminar room it was intended to be,

EVERYONE KNOWS

and made the faculty eat in the cafeteria with the students. He insisted

on faculty meetings—never holding them had made the previous

dean enormously popular. Coleman had attendance taken by

the faculty secretary so that even the eminences with the threehour-

a-week schedules were forced onto the campus to show up.

He found a provision in the college constitution that said there

were to be no executive committees, and arguing that those stodgy

impediments to serious change had grown up only by convention

and tradition, he abolished them and ruled these faculty meetings

by fiat, using each as an occasion to announce what he was going to

do next that was sure to stir up even more resentment. Under his

leadership, promotion became difficult—and this, perhaps, was the

greatest shock of all: people were no longer promoted through rank

automatically on the basis of being popular teachers, and they

didn't get salary increases that weren't tied to merit. In short, he

brought in competition, he made the place competitive, which, as

an early enemy noted, "is what Jews do." And whenever an angry ad

hoc committee was formed to go and complain to Pierce Roberts,

the president unfailingly backed Coleman.

In the Roberts years all the bright younger people he recruited

loved Coleman because of the room he was making for them and

because of the good people he began hiring out of graduate programs

at Johns Hopkins and Yale and Cornell—"the revolution of

quality," as they themselves liked to describe it. They prized him for

taking the ruling elite out of their little club and threatening their

self-presentation, which never fails to drive a pompous professor

crazy. All the older guys who were the weakest part of the faculty

had survived on the ways that they thought of themselves—the

greatest scholar of the year 100 B.C., and so forth—and once those

were challenged from above, their confidence eroded and, in a matter

of a few years, they had nearly all disappeared. Heady times! But

after Pierce Roberts moved on to the big job at Michigan, and

Haines, the new president, came in with no particular loyalty to

Coleman—and, unlike his predecessor, exhibiting no special tolerance

for the brand of bulldozing vanity and autocratic ego that had

THE HUMAN STAIN

cleaned the place out in so brief a period—and as the young people

Coleman had kept on as well as those he'd recruited began to become

the veteran faculty, a reaction against Dean Silk started to

set in. How strong it was he had never entirely realized until he

counted all the people, department by department, who seemed to

be not at all displeased that the word the old dean had chosen to

characterize his two seemingly nonexistent students was definable

not only by the primary dictionary meaning that he maintained

was obviously the one he'd intended but by the pejorative racial

meaning that had sent his two black students to lodge their complaint.

I remember clearly that April day two years back when Iris Silk died

and the insanity took hold of Coleman. Other than to offer a nod to

one or the other of them whenever our paths crossed down at the

general store or the post office, I had not really known the Silks or

anything much about them before then. I hadn't even known that

Coleman had grown up some four or five miles away from me in

the tiny Essex County town of East Orange, New Jersey, and that,

as a 1944 graduate of East Orange High, he had been some six

years ahead of me in my neighboring Newark school. Coleman had

made no effort to get to know me, nor had I left New York and

moved into a two-room cabin set way back in a field on a rural road

high in the Berkshires to meet new people or to join a new community.

The invitations I received during my first months out here in

1993—to come to a dinner, to tea, to a cocktail party, to trek to the

college down in the valley to deliver a public lecture or, if I preferred,

to talk informally to a literature class—I politely declined,

and after that both the neighbors and the college let me be to live

and do my work on my own.

But then, on that afternoon two years back, having driven directly

from making arrangements for Iris's burial, Coleman was at

the side of my house, banging on the door and asking to be let in.

Though he had something urgent to ask, he couldn't stay seated

EVERYONE KNOWS

for more than thirty seconds to clarify what it was. He got up,

sat down, got up again, roamed round and round my workroom,

speaking loudly and in a rush, even menacingly shaking a fist in the

air when—erroneously—he believed emphasis was needed. I had

to write something for him—he all but ordered me to. If he wrote

the story in all of its absurdity, altering nothing, nobody would believe

it, nobody would take it seriously, people would say it was a

ludicrous lie, a self-serving exaggeration, they would say that more

than his having uttered the word "spooks" in a classroom had to

lie behind his downfall. But if I wrote it, if a professional writer

wrote it...

All the restraint had collapsed within him, and so watching him,

listening to him—a man I did not know, but clearly someone accomplished

and of consequence now completely unhinged—was

like being present at a bad highway accident or a fire or a frightening

explosion, at a public disaster that mesmerizes as much by its

improbability as by its grotesqueness. The way he careened around

the room made me think of those familiar chickens that keep on

going after having been beheaded. His head had been lopped off,

the head encasing the educated brain of the once unassailable faculty

dean and classics professor, and what I was witnessing was the

amputated rest of him spinning out of control.

I—whose house he had never before entered, whose very voice

he had barely heard before—had to put aside whatever else I might

be doing and write about how his enemies at Athena, in striking

out at him, had instead felled her. Creating their false image of him,

calling him everything that he wasn't and could never be, they had

not merely misrepresented a professional career conducted with

the utmost seriousness and dedication—they had killed his wife of

over forty years. Killed her as if they'd taken aim and fired a bullet

into her heart. I had to write about this "absurdity," that "absurdity"

—I, who then knew nothing about his woes at the college

and could not even begin to follow the chronology of the horror

that, for five months now, had engulfed him and the late Iris

THE HUMAN STAIN

Silk: the punishing immersion in meetings, hearings, and interviews,

the documents and letters submitted to college officials, to

faculty committees, to a pro bono black lawyer representing the

two students . . . the charges, denials, and countercharges, the obtuseness,

ignorance, and cynicism, the gross and deliberate misinterpretations,

the laborious, repetitious explanations, the prosecutorial

questions—and always, perpetually, the pervasive sense of

unreality. "Her murder!" Coleman cried, leaning across my desk

and hammering on it with his fist. "These people murdered Iris!"

The face he showed me, the face he placed no more than a foot

from my own, was by now dented and lopsided and—for the face

of a well-groomed, youthfully handsome older man—strangely repellent,

more than likely distorted from the toxic effect of all the

emotion coursing through him. It was, up close, bruised and ruined

like a piece of fruit that's been knocked from its stall in the marketplace

and kicked to and fro along the ground by the passing

shoppers.

There is something fascinating about what moral suffering can

do to someone who is in no obvious way a weak or feeble person.

It's more insidious even than what physical illness can do, because

there is no morphine drip or spinal block or radical surgery to alleviate

it. Once you're in its grip, it's as though it will have to kill you

for you to be free of it. Its raw realism is like nothing else.

Murdered. For Coleman that alone explained how, out of nowhere,

the end could have come to an energetic sixty-four-year-old

woman of commanding presence and in perfect health, an abstract

painter whose canvases dominated the local art shows and who

herself autocratically administered the town artists' association, a

poet published in the county newspaper, in her day the college's

leading politically active opponent of bomb shelters, of strontium

90, eventually of the Vietnam War, opinionated, unyielding, impolitic,

an imperious whirlwind of a woman recognizable a hundred

yards away by her great tangled wreath of wiry white hair; so strong

a person, apparently, that despite his own formidableness, the dean

who reputedly could steamroll anybody, the dean who had done

EVERYONE KNOWS

the academically impossible by bringing deliverance to Athena College,

could best his own wife at nothing other than tennis.

Once Coleman had come under attack, however—once the racist

charge had been taken up for investigation, not only by the new

dean of faculty but by the college's small black student organization

and by a black activist group from Pittsfield—the outright madness

of it blotted out the million difficulties of the Silks' marriage, and

that same imperiousness that had for four decades clashed with his

own obstinate autonomy and resulted in the unending friction

of their lives, Iris placed at the disposal of her husband's cause.

Though for years they had not slept in the same bed or been able to

endure very much of the other's conversation—or of the other's

friends—the Silks were side by side again, waving their fists in the

faces of people they hated more profoundly than, in their most insufferable

moments, they could manage to hate each other. All

they'd had in common as comradely lovers forty years earlier in

Greenwich Village—when he was at NYU finishing up his Ph.D.

and Iris was an escapee fresh from two nutty anarchist parents in

Passaic and modeling for life drawing classes at the Art Students

League, armed already with her thicket of important hair, bigfeatured

and voluptuous, already then a theatrical-looking high

priestess in folkloric jewelry, the biblical high priestess from before

the time of the synagogue—all they'd had in common in those Village

days (except for the erotic passion) once again broke wildly out

into the open ... until the morning when she awakened with a ferocious

headache and no feeling in one of her arms. Coleman rushed

her to the hospital, but by the next day she was dead.

"They meant to kill me and they got her instead." So Coleman

told me more than once during that unannounced visit to my

house, and then made sure to tell every single person at her funeral

the following afternoon. And so he still believed. He was not

susceptible to any other explanation. Ever since her death—and

since he'd come to recognize that his ordeal wasn't a subject I

wished to address in my fiction and he had accepted back from me

all the documentation dumped on my desk that day—he had been

THE HUMAN STAIN

at work on a book of his own about why he had resigned from

Athena, a nonfiction book he was calling Spooks.

There's a small FM station over in Springfield that on Saturday

nights, from six to midnight, takes a break from the regular classical

programming and plays big-band music for the first few hours of

the evening and then jazz later on. On my side of the mountain you

get nothing but static tuning to that frequency, but on the slope

where Coleman lives the reception's fine, and on the occasions

when he'd invite me for a Saturday evening drink, all those sugarysweet

dance tunes that kids of our generation heard continuously

over the radio and played on the jukeboxes back in the forties could

be heard coming from Coleman's house as soon as I stepped out of

my car in his driveway. Coleman had it going full blast not just on

the living room stereo receiver but on the radio beside his bed, the

radio beside the shower, and the radio beside the kitchen bread box.

No matter what he might be doing around the house on a Saturday

night, until the station signed off at midnight—following a ritual

weekly half hour of Benny Goodman—he wasn't out of earshot for

a minute.

Oddly, he said, none of the serious stuff he'd been listening to all

his adult life put him into emotional motion the way that old swing

music now did: "Everything stoical within me unclenches and the

wish not to die, never to die, is almost too great to bear. And

all this," he explained, "from listening to Vaughn Monroe." Some

nights, every line of every song assumed a significance so bizarrely

momentous that he'd wind up dancing by himself the shuffling,

drifting, repetitious, uninspired, yet wonderfully serviceable,

mood-making fox trot that he used to dance with the East Orange

High girls on whom he pressed, through his trousers, his first

meaningful erections; and while he danced, nothing he was feeling,

he told me, was simulated, neither the terror (over extinction)

nor the rapture (over "You sigh, the song begins. You speak, and

I hear violins"). The teardrops were all spontaneously shed, however

astonished he may have been by how little resistance he had to

EVERYONE KNOWS

Helen O'Connell and Bob Eberly alternately delivering the verses of

"Green Eyes," however much he might marvel at how Jimmy and

Tommy Dorsey were able to transform him into the kind of assailable

old man he could never have expected to be. "But let anyone

born in 1926," he'd say, "try to stay alone at home on a Saturday

night in 1998 and listen to Dick Haymes singing 'Those Little White

Lies.' Just have them do that, and then let them tell me afterwards if

they have not understood at last the celebrated doctrine of the catharsis

effected by tragedy."

Coleman was cleaning up his dinner dishes when I came through

a screen door at the side of the house leading into the kitchen. Because

he was over the sink and the water was running, and because

the radio was loudly playing and he was singing along with the

young Frank Sinatra "Everything Happens to Me," he didn't hear

me come in. It was a hot night; Coleman wore a pair of denim

shorts and sneakers, and that was it. From behind, this man of seventy-

one looked to be no more than forty—slender and fit and

forty. Coleman was not much over five eight, if that, he was not

heavily muscled, and yet there was a lot of strength in him, and a lot

of the bounce of the high school athlete was still visible, the quickness,

the urge to action that we used to call pep. His tightly coiled,

short-clipped hair had turned the color of oatmeal, and so headon,

despite the boyish snub nose, he didn't look quite so youthful as

he might have if his hair were still dark. Also, there were crevices

carved deeply at either side of his mouth, and in the greenish hazel

eyes there was, since Iris's death and his resignation from the college,

much, much weariness and spiritual depletion. Coleman had

the incongruous, almost puppetlike good looks that you confront

in the aging faces of movie actors who were famous on the screen

as sparkling children and on whom the juvenile star is indelibly

stamped.

All in all, he remained a neat, attractive package of a man even at

his age, the small-nosed Jewish type with the facial heft in the jaw,

one of those crimped-haired Jews of a light yellowish skin pigmentation

who possess something of the ambiguous aura of the pale

THE HUMAN STAIN

blacks who are sometimes taken for white. When Coleman Silk was

a sailor at the Norfolk naval base down in Virginia at the close of

World War II, because his name didn't give him away as a Jew—because

it could as easily have been a Negro's name—he'd once been

identified, in a brothel, as a nigger trying to pass and been thrown

out. "Thrown out of a Norfolk whorehouse for being black, thrown

out of Athena College for being white." I'd heard stuff like that

from him frequently during these last two years, ravings about

black anti-Semitism and about his treacherous, cowardly colleagues

that were obviously being mainlined, unmodified, into his

book.

"Thrown out of Athena," he told me, "for being a white Jew of

the sort those ignorant bastards call the enemy. That's who's made

their American misery. That's who stole them out of paradise. And

that's who's been holding them back all these years. What is the major

source of black suffering on this planet? They know the answer

without having to come to class. They know without having to

open a book. Without reading they know—without thinking they

know. Who is responsible? The same evil Old Testament monsters

responsible for the suffering of the Germans.

"They killed her, Nathan. And who would have thought that Iris

couldn't take it? But strong as she was, loud as she was, Iris could

not. Their brand of stupidity was too much even for a juggernaut

like my wife. 'Spooks.' And who here would defend me? Herb

Keble? As dean I brought Herb Keble into the college. Did it only

months after taking the job. Brought him in not just as the first

black in the social sciences but as the first black in anything other

than a custodial position. But Herb too has been radicalized by the

racism of Jews like me. 'I can't be with you on this, Coleman. I'm

going to have to be with them.' This is what he told me when I went

to ask for his support. To my face. I'm going to have to be with them.

Them!

"You should have seen Herb at Iris's funeral. Crushed. Devastated.

Somebody died? Herbert didn't intend for anybody to die.

EVERYONE KNOWS

These shenanigans were so much jockeying for power. To gain a

bigger say in how the college is run. They were just exploiting a useful

situation. It was a way to prod Haines and the administration

into doing what they otherwise would never have done. More

blacks on campus. More black students, more black professors.

Representation—that was the issue. The only issue. God knows nobody

was meant to die. Or to resign either. That too took Herbert

by surprise. Why should Coleman Silk resign? Nobody was going to

fire him. Nobody would dare to fire him. They were doing what

they were doing just because they could do it. Their intention was

to hold my feet over the flames just a little while longer—why

couldn't I have been patient and waited? By the next semester who

would have remembered any of it? The incident—the incident!—

provided them with an 'organizing issue' of the sort that was

needed at a racially retarded place like Athena. Why did I quit? By

the time I quit it was essentially over. What the hell was I quitting

for?"

On just my previous visit, Coleman had begun waving something

in my face from the moment I'd come through the door, yet

another document from the hundreds of documents filed in the

boxes labeled "Spooks." "Here. One of my gifted colleagues. Writing

about one of the two who brought the charges against me—a

student who had never attended my class, flunked all but one of the

other courses she was taking, and rarely attended them. I thought

she flunked because she couldn't confront the material, let alone

begin to master it, but it turned out that she flunked because she

was too intimidated by the racism emanating from her white professors

to work up the courage to go to class. The very racism that

I had articulated. In one of those meetings, hearings, whatever

they were, they asked me, 'What factors, in your judgment, led to

this student's failure?' 'What factors?' I said. 'Indifference. Arrogance.

Apathy. Personal distress. Who knows?' 'But,' they asked me,

'in light of these factors, what positive recommendations did you

make to this student?' 'I didn't make any. I'd never laid eyes on her.

THE HUMAN STAIN

If I'd had the opportunity, I would have recommended that she

leave school.' 'Why?' they asked me. 'Because she didn't belong in

school.'

"Let me read from this document. Listen to this. Filed by a colleague

of mine supporting Tracy Cummings as someone we should

not be too harsh or too quick to judge, certainly not someone we

should turn away and reject. Tracy we must nurture, Tracy we must

understand—we have to know, this scholar tells us, 'where Tracy's

coming from.' Let me read you the last sentences. 'Tracy is from a

rather difficult background, in that she separated from her immediate

family in tenth grade and lived with relatives. As a result, she

was not particularly good at dealing with the realities of a situation.

This defect I admit. But she is ready, willing, and able to change her

approach to living. What I have seen coming to birth in her during

these last weeks is a realization of the seriousness of her avoidance

of reality.' Sentences composed by one Delphine Roux, chairman

of Languages and Literature, who teaches, among other things, a

course in French classicism. A realization of the seriousness of her

avoidance of reality. Ah, enough. Enough. This is sickening. This is

just too sickening."

That's what I witnessed, more often than not, when I came to

keep Coleman company on a Saturday night: a humiliating disgrace

that was still eating away at someone who was still fully vital.

The great man brought low and suffering still the shame of failure.

Something like what you might have seen had you dropped

in on Nixon at San Clemente or on Jimmy Carter, down in Georgia,

before he began doing penance for his defeat by becoming a

carpenter. Something very sad. And yet, despite my sympathy for

Coleman's ordeal and for all he had unjustly lost and for the near

impossibility of his tearing himself free from his bitterness, there

were evenings when, after having sipped only a few drops of his

brandy, it required something like a feat of magic for me to stay

awake.

But on the night I'm describing, when we had drifted onto the

cool screened-in side porch that he used in the summertime as a

EVERYONE KNOWS

study, he was as fond of the world as a man can be. He'd pulled a

couple of bottles of beer from the refrigerator when we left the

kitchen, and we were seated across from each other at either side of

the long trestle table that was his desk out there and that was

stacked at one end with composition books, some twenty or thirty

of them, divided into three piles.

"Well, there it is," said Coleman, now this calm, unoppressed, entirely

new being. "That's it. That's Spooks. Finished a first draft yesterday,

spent all day today reading it through, and every page of it

made me sick. The violence in the handwriting was enough to

make me despise the author. That I should spend a single quarter of

an hour at this, let alone two years . . . Iris died because of them?

Who will believe it? I hardly believe it myself any longer. To turn

this screed into a book, to bleach out the raging misery and turn it

into something by a sane human being, would take two years more

at least. And what would I then have, aside from two years more of

thinking about 'them'? Not that I've given myself over to forgiveness.

Don't get me wrong: I hate the bastards. I hate the fucking

bastards the way Gulliver hates the whole human race after he goes

and lives with those horses. I hate them with a real biological aversion.

Though those horses I always found ridiculous. Didn't you? I

used to think of them as the WASP establishment that ran this

place when I first got here."

"You're in good form, Coleman—barely a glimmer of the old

madness. Three weeks, a month ago, whenever it was I saw you last,

you were still knee-deep in your own blood."

"Because of this thing. But I read it and it's shit and I'm over it. I

can't do what the pros do. Writing about myself, I can't maneuver

the creative remove. Page after page, it is still the raw thing. It's a

parody of the self-justifying memoir. The hopelessness of explanation."

Smiling, he said, "Kissinger can unload fourteen hundred

pages of this stuff every other year, but it's defeated me. Blindly secure

though I may seem to be in my narcissistic bubble, I'm no

match for him. I quit."

Now, most writers who are brought to a standstill after rereading

THE HUMAN STAIN

two years' work—even one year's work, merely half a year's work—

and finding it hopelessly misguided and bringing down on it the

critical guillotine are reduced to a state of suicidal despair from

which it can take months to begin to recover. Yet Coleman, by

abandoning a draft of a book as bad as the draft he'd finished, had

somehow managed to swim free not only from the wreck of the

book but from the wreck of his life. Without the book he appeared

now to be without the slightest craving to set the record straight;

shed of the passion to clear his name and criminalize as murderers

his opponents, he was embalmed no longer in injustice. Aside from

watching Nelson Mandela, on TV, forgiving his jailers even as he

was leaving jail with his last miserable jail meal still being assimilated

into his system, I'd never before seen a change of heart transform

a martyred being quite so swiftly. I couldn't understand it,

and I at first couldn't bring myself to believe in it either.

"Walking away like this, cheerfully saying, 'It's defeated me,'

walking away from all this work, from all this loathing—well, how

are you going to fill the outrage void?"

"I'm not." He got the cards and a notepad to keep score and we

pulled our chairs down to where the trestle table was clear of papers.

He shuffled the cards and I cut them and he dealt. And then,

in this odd, serene state of contentment brought on by the seeming

emancipation from despising everyone at Athena who, deliberately

and in bad faith, had misjudged, misused, and besmirched him—

had plunged him, for two years, into a misanthropic exertion of

Swiftian proportions—he began to rhapsodize about the great bygone

days when his cup ranneth over and his considerable talent

for conscientiousness was spent garnering and tendering pleasure.

Now that he was no longer grounded in his hate, we were going

to talk about women. This was a new Coleman. Or perhaps an

old Coleman, the oldest adult Coleman there was, the most satisfied

Coleman there had ever been. Not Coleman pre-spooks and

unmaligned as a racist, but the Coleman contaminated by desire

alone.

"I came out of the navy, I got a place in the Village," he began to

EVERYONE KNOWS

tell me as he assembled his hand, "and all I had to do was go down

into the subway. It was like fishing down there. Go down into the

subway and come up with a girl. And then"—he stopped to pick up

my discard—"all at once, got my degree, got married, got my job,

kids, and that was the end of the fishing."

"Never fished again."

"Almost never. True. Virtually never. As good as never. Hear these

songs?" The four radios were playing in the house, and so even out

on the road it would have been impossible not to hear them. "After

the war, those were the songs," he said. "Four, five years of the

songs, the girls, and that fulfilled my every ideal. I found a letter today.

Cleaning out that Spooks stuff, found a letter from one of the

girls. The girl. After I got my first appointment, out on Long Island,

out at Adelphi, and Iris was pregnant with Jeff, this letter arrived. A

girl nearly six feet tall. Iris was a big girl too. But not big like Steena.

Iris was substantial. Steena was something else. Steena sent me this

letter in 1954 and it turned up today while I was shoveling out the

files."

From the back pocket of his shorts, Coleman pulled the original

envelope holding Steena's letter. He was still without a T-shirt,

which now that we were out of the kitchen and on the porch I

couldn't help but take note of—it was a warm July night, but not

that warm. He had never struck me before as a man whose considerable

vanity extended also to his anatomy. But now there seemed

to me to be something more than a mere at-homeness expressed in

this exhibition of his body's suntanned surface. On display were the

shoulders, arms, and chest of a smallish man still trim and attractive,

a belly no longer flat, to be sure, but nothing that had gotten

seriously out of hand—altogether the physique of someone who

would seem to have been a cunning and wily competitor at sports

rather than an overpowering one. And all this had previously been

concealed from me, because he was always shirted and also because

of his having been so drastically consumed by his rage.

Also previously concealed was the small, Popeye-ish, blue tattoo

situated at the top of his right arm, just at the shoulder joining—

THE HUMAN STAIN

the words "U.S. Navy" inscribed between the hooklike arms of a

shadowy little anchor and running along the hypotenuse of the

deltoid muscle. A tiny symbol, if one were needed, of all the million

circumstances of the other fellow's life, of that blizzard of details

that constitute the confusion of a human biography—a tiny symbol

to remind me why our understanding of people must always be

at best slightly wrong.

"Kept it? The letter? Still got it?" I said. "Must've been some

letter."

"A killing letter. Something had happened to me that I hadn't

understood until that letter. I was married, responsibly employed,

we were going to have a child, and yet I hadn't understood that the

Steenas were over. Got this letter and I realized that the serious

things had really begun, the serious life dedicated to serious things.

My father owned a saloon off Grove Street in East Orange. You're a

Weequahic boy, you don't know East Orange. It was the poor end of

town. He was one of those Jewish saloon keepers, they were all over

Jersey and, of course, they all had ties to the Reinfelds and to the

Mob—they had to have, to survive the Mob. My father wasn't a

roughneck but he was rough enough, and he wanted better for me.

He dropped dead my last year of high school. I was the only child.

The adored one. He wouldn't even let me work in his place when

the types there began to entertain me. Everything in life, including

the saloon—beginning with the saloon—was always pushing

me to be a serious student, and, back in those days, studying my

high school Latin, taking advanced Latin, taking Greek, which was

still part of the old-fashioned curriculum, the saloon keeper's kid

couldn't have tried harder to be any more serious."

There was some quick by-play between us and Coleman laid

down his cards to show me his winning hand. As I started to deal,

he resumed the story. I'd never heard it before. I'd never heard anything

before other than how he'd come by his hatred for the college.

"Well," he said, "once I'd fulfilled my father's dream and become

an ultra-respectable college professor, I thought, as my father did,

that the serious life would now never end. That it could never end

EVERYONE KNOWS

once you had the credentials. But it ended, Nathan. 'Or are they

spooks?' and I'm out on my ass. When Roberts was here he liked to

tell people that my success as a dean flowed from learning my manners

in a saloon. President Roberts with his upper-class pedigree

liked that he had this barroom brawler parked just across the hall

from him. In front of the old guard particularly, Roberts pretended

to enjoy me for my background, though, as we know, Gentiles actually

hate those stories about the Jews and their remarkable rise from

the slums. Yes, there was a certain amount of mockery in Pierce

Roberts, and even then, yes, when I think about it, starting even

then ..." But here he reined himself in. Wouldn't go on with it. He

was finished with the derangement of being the monarch deposed.

The grievance that will never die is hereby declared dead.

Back to Steena. Remembering Steena helps enormously.

"Met her in '48," he said. "I was twenty-two, on the GI Bill at

NYU, the navy behind me, and she was eighteen and only a few

months in New York. Had some kind of job there and was going to

college, too, but at night. Independent girl from Minnesota. Sureof-

herself girl, or seemed so. Danish on one side, Icelandic on the

other. Quick. Smart. Pretty. Tall. Marvelously tall. That statuesque

recumbency. Never forgotten it. With her for two years. Used to call

her Voluptas. Psyche's daughter. The personification to the Romans

of sensual pleasure."

Now he put down his cards, picked up the envelope from where

he'd dropped it beside the discard pile, and pulled out the letter. A

typewritten letter a couple of pages long. "We'd run into each other.

I was in from Adelphi, in the city for the day, and there was Steena,

about twenty-four, twenty-five by then. We stopped and spoke, and

I told her my wife was pregnant, and she told me what she was doing,

and then we kissed goodbye, and that was it. About a week later

this letter came to me care of the college. It's dated. She dated it.

Here—'August 18,1954.' 'Dear Coleman,' she says, 'I was very happy

to see you in New York. Brief as our meeting was, after I saw you I

felt an autumnal sadness, perhaps because the six years since we

first met make it wrenchingly obvious how many days of my life are

THE HUMAN STAIN

"over." You look very good, and I'm glad you're happy. You were

also very gentlemanly. You didn't swoop. Which is the one thing

you did (or seemed to do) when I first met you and you rented the

basement room on Sullivan Street. Do you remember yourself? You

were incredibly good at swooping, almost like birds do when they

fly over land or sea and spy something moving, something bursting

with life, and dive down—or zero in—and seize upon it. I was astonished,

when we met, by your flying energy. I remember being in

your room the first time and, when I arrived, I sat in a chair, and

you were walking around the room from place to place, occasionally

stopping to perch on a stool or the couch. You had a ratty Salvation

Army couch where you slept before we chipped in for The

Mattress. You offered me a drink, which you handed to me while

scrutinizing me with an air of incredible wonder and curiosity, as if

it were some kind of miracle that I had hands and could hold a

glass, or that I had a mouth which might drink from it, or that I had

even materialized at all, in your room, a day after we'd met on the

subway. You were talking, asking questions, sometimes answering

questions, in a deadly serious and yet hilarious way, and I was trying

very hard to talk also but conversation was not coming as easily

to me. So there I was staring back at you, absorbing and understanding

far more than I expected to understand. But I couldn't

find words to speak to fill the space created by the fact that you

seemed attracted to me and that I was attracted to you. I kept

thinking, "I'm not ready. I just arrived in this city. Not now. But I

will be, with a little more time, a few more exchanged notes of conversation,

if I can think what I wish to say." ("Ready" for what, I

don't know. Not just making love. Ready to be.) But then you

"swooped," Coleman, nearly halfway across the room, to where I

was sitting, and I was flabbergasted but delighted. It was too soon,

but it wasn't.'"

He stopped reading when he heard, coming from the radio, the

first bars of "Bewitched, Bothered, and Bewildered" being sung by

Sinatra. "I've got to dance," Coleman said. "Want to dance?"

I laughed. No, this was not the savage, embittered, embattled

EVERYONE KNOWS

avenger of Spooks, estranged from life and maddened by it—this

was not even another man. This was another soul. A boyish soul at

that. I got a strong picture then, both from Steena's letter and from

Coleman, shirtless, as he was reading it, of what Coleman Silk had

once been like. Before becoming a revolutionary dean, before becoming

a serious classics professor—and long before becoming

Athena's pariah—he had been not only a studious boy but a

charming and seductive boy as well. Excited. Mischievous. A bit demonic

even, a snub-nosed, goat-footed Pan. Once upon a time, before

the serious things took over completely.

"After I hear the rest of the letter," I replied to the invitation to

dance. "Read me the rest of Steena's letter."

"Three months out of Minnesota when we met. Just went down

into the subway and brought her up with me. Well," he said, "that

was 1948 for you,'" and he turned back to her letter. "'I was quite

taken with you,'" he read, "'but I was concerned you might find me

too young, an uninteresting midwestern bland sort of girl, and besides,

you were dating someone "smart and nice and lovely" already,

though you added, with a sly smile, "I don't believe she and I

will get married." "Why not?" I asked. "I may be getting bored," you

answered, thereby ensuring that I would do anything I could think

of not to bore you, including dropping out of contact, if necessary,

so as to avoid the risk of becoming boring. Well, that's it. That's

enough. I shouldn't even bother you. I promise I won't ever again.

Take care. Take care. Take care. Take care. Very fondly, Steena.'"

"Well," I said, "that is 1948 for you."

"Come. Let's dance."

"But you mustn't sing into my ear."

"Come on. Get up."

What the hell, I thought, we'll both be dead soon enough, and so

I got up, and there on the porch Coleman Silk and I began to dance

the fox trot together. He led, and, as best I could, I followed. I remembered

that day he'd burst into my studio after making burial

arrangements for Iris and, out of his mind with grief and rage, told

me that I had to write for him the book about all the unbelievable

THE HUMAN STAIN

absurdities of his case, culminating in the murder of his wife. One

would have thought that never again would this man have a taste

for the foolishness of life, that all that was playful in him and lighthearted

had been destroyed and lost, right along with the career,

the reputation, and the formidable wife. Maybe why it didn't even

cross my mind to laugh and let him, if he wanted to, dance around

the porch by himself, just laugh and enjoy myself watching him—

maybe why I gave him my hand and let him place his arm around

my back and push me dreamily around that old bluestone floor was

because I had been there that day when her corpse was still warm

and seen what he'd looked like.

"I hope nobody from the volunteer fire department drives by," I

said.

"Yeah," he said. "We don't want anybody tapping me on the

shoulder and asking, 'May I cut in?'"

On we danced. There was nothing overtly carnal in it, but because

Coleman was wearing only his denim shorts and my hand

rested easily on his warm back as if it were the back of a dog or a

horse, it wasn't entirely a mocking act. There was a semi-serious

sincerity in his guiding me about on the stone floor, not to mention

a thoughtless delight in just being alive, accidentally and clownishly

and for no reason alive—the kind of delight you take as a child

when you first learn to play a tune with a comb and toilet paper.

It was when we sat down that Coleman told me about the

woman. "I'm having an affair, Nathan. I'm having an affair with a

thirty-four-year-old woman. I can't tell you what it's done to me."

"We just finished dancing—you don't have to."

"I thought I couldn't take any more of anything. But when this

stuff comes back so late in life, out of nowhere, completely unexpected,

even unwanted, comes back at you and there's nothing to

dilute it with, when you're no longer striving on twenty-two fronts,

no longer deep in the daily disorder... when it's just this..."

"And when she's thirty-four."

"And ignitable. An ignitable woman. She's turned sex into a vice

again."

EVERYONE KNOWS

"'La Belle Dame sans Merci hath thee in thrall.'"

"Seems so. I say, 'What is it like for you with somebody seventyone?'

and she tells me, 'It's perfect with somebody seventy-one.

He's set in his ways and he can't change. You know what he is. No

surprises.'"

"What's made her so wise?"

"Surprises. Thirty-four years of savage surprises have given her

wisdom. But it's a very narrow, antisocial wisdom. It's savage, too.

It's the wisdom of somebody who expects nothing. That's her wisdom,

and that's her dignity, but it's negative wisdom, and that's not

the kind that keeps you on course day to day. This is a woman

whose life's been trying to grind her down almost for as long as

she's had life. Whatever she's learned comes from that."

I thought, He's found somebody he can talk with ... and then I

thought, So have I. The moment a man starts to tell you about sex,

he's telling you something about the two of you. Ninety percent of

the time it doesn't happen, and probably it's as well it doesn't,

though if you can't get a level of candor on sex and you choose to

behave instead as if this isn't ever on your mind, the male friendship

is incomplete. Most men never find such a friend. It's not common.

But when it does happen, when two men find themselves

in agreement about this essential part of being a man, unafraid

of being judged, shamed, envied, or outdone, confident of not

having the confidence betrayed, their human connection can be

very strong and an unexpected intimacy results. This probably isn't

usual for him, I was thinking, but because he'd come to me in his

worst moment, full of the hatred that I'd watched poison him over

the months, he feels the freedom of being with someone who's seen

you through a terrible illness from the side of your bed. He feels not

so much the urge to brag as the enormous relief of not having to

keep something so bewilderingly new as his own rebirth totally to

himself.

"Where did you find her?" I asked.

"I went to pick up my mail at the end of the day and there she

was, mopping the floor. She's the skinny blonde who sometimes

THE HUMAN STAIN

cleans out the post office. She's on the regular janitorial staff at

Athena. She's a full-time janitor where I was once dean. The woman

has nothing. Faunia Farley. That's her name. Faunia has absolutely

nothing."

"Why has she nothing?"

"She had a husband. He beat her so badly she ended up in a

coma. They had a dairy farm. He ran it so badly it went bankrupt.

She had two children. A space heater tipped over, caught fire, and

both children were asphyxiated. Aside from the ashes of the two

children that she keeps in a canister under her bed, she owns nothing

of value except an '83 Chevy. The only time I've seen her come

close to crying was when she told me, 'I don't know what to do with

the ashes.' Rural disaster has squeezed Faunia dry of even her tears.

And she began life a rich, privileged kid. Brought up in a big

sprawling house south of Boston. Fireplaces in the five bedrooms,

the best antiques, heirloom china—everything old and the best, the

family included. She can be surprisingly well spoken if she wants to

be. But she's dropped so far down the social ladder from so far up

that by now she's a pretty mixed bag of verbal beans. .Faunia's been

exiled from the entitlement that should have been hers. Declassed.

There's a real democratization to her suffering."

"What undid her?"

"A stepfather undid her. Upper-bourgeois evil undid her. There

was a divorce when she was five. The prosperous father caught the

beautiful mother having an affair. The mother liked money, remarried

money, and the rich stepfather wouldn't leave Faunia alone.

Fondling her from the day he arrived. Couldn't stay away from her.

This blond angelic child, fondling her, fingering her—it's when he

tried fucking her that she ran away. She was fourteen. The mother

refused to believe her. They took her to a psychiatrist. Faunia told

the psychiatrist what happened, and after ten sessions the psychiatrist

too sided with the stepfather. 'Takes the side of those who pay

him,' Faunia says. 'Just like everyone.' The mother had an affair with

the psychiatrist afterward. That is the story, as she reports it, of

what launched her into the life of a tough having to make her way

EVERYONE KNOWS

on her own. Ran away from home, from high school, went down

south, worked there, came back up this way, got whatever work she

could, and at twenty married this farmer, older than herself, a dairy

farmer, a Vietnam vet, thinking that if they worked hard and raised

kids and made the farm work she could have a stable, ordinary life,

even if the guy was on the dumb side. Especially if he was on the

dumb side. She thought she might be better off being the one with

the brains. She thought that was her advantage. She was wrong. All

they had together was trouble. The farm failed. 'Jerk-off,' she tells

me, 'bought one tractor too many.' And regularly beat her up. Beat

her black and blue. You know what she presents as the high point of

the marriage? The event she calls 'the great warm shit fight.' One

evening they are in the barn after the milking arguing about something,

and a cow next to her takes a big shit, and Faunia picks up a

handful and flings it in Lester's face. He flings a handful back, and

that's how it started. She said to me, 'The warm shit fight may have

been the best time we had together.' At the end, they were covered

with cow shit and roaring with laughter, and, after washing off with

the hose in the barn, they went up to the house to fuck. But that

was carrying a good thing too far. That wasn't one-hundredth of

the fun of the fight. Fucking Lester wasn't ever fun—according to

Faunia, he didn't know how to do it. 'Too dumb even to fuck right.'

When she tells me that I am the perfect man, I tell her that I see how

that might seem so to her, coming to me after him."

"And fighting the Lesters of life with warm shit since she's fourteen

has made her what at thirty-four," I asked, "aside from savagely

wise? Tough? Shrewd? Enraged? Crazy?"

"The fighting life has made her tough, certainly sexually tough,

but it hasn't made her crazy. At least I don't think so yet. Enraged? If

it's there—and why wouldn't it be?—it's a furtive rage. Rage without

the rage. And, for someone who seems to have lived entirely

without luck, there's no lament in her—none she shows to me, anyway.

But as for shrewd, no. She says things sometimes that sound

shrewd. She says, 'Maybe you ought to think of me as a companion

of equal age who happens to look younger. I think that's where

THE HUMAN STAIN

I'm at.' When I asked, 'What do you want from me?' she said, 'Some

companionship. Maybe some knowledge. Sex. Pleasure. Don't

worry. That's it.' When I told her once she was wise beyond her

years, she told me, 'I'm dumb beyond my years.' She was sure

smarter than Lester, but shrewd? No. Something in Faunia is permanently

fourteen and as far as you can get from shrewd. She had

an affair with her boss, the guy who hired her. Smoky Hollenbeck. I

hired him—guy who runs the college's physical plant. Smoky used

to be a football star here. Back in the seventies I knew him as a student.

Now he's a civil engineer. He hires Faunia for the custodial

staff, and even while he's hiring her, she understands what's on his

mind. The guy is attracted to her. He's locked into an unexciting

marriage, but he's not angry with her about it—he's not looking at

her disdainfully, thinking, Why haven't you settled down, why are

you still tramping and whoring around? No bourgeois superiority

from Smoky. Smoky is doing all the right things and doing them

beautifully—a wife, kids, five kids, married as a man can be, a

sports hero still around the college, popular and admired in

town—but he has a gift: he can also step outside of that. You

wouldn't believe it to talk to him. Mr. Athena Square squared, performing

in every single way he is supposed to perform. Appears to

have bought into the story of himself one hundred percent. You

would expect him to think, This stupid bitch with her fucked-up

life? Get her the fuck out of my office. But he doesn't. Unlike everyone

else in Athena, he is not so caught up in the legend of Smoky

that he is incapable of thinking, Yeah, this is a real cunt I'd like to

fuck. Or incapable of acting. He fucks her, Nathan. Gets Faunia in

bed with him and another of the women from the custodial staff.

Fucks 'em together. Goes on for six months. Then a real estate

woman, newly divorced, fresh on the local scene, she joins the act.

Smoky's circus. Smoky's secret three-ring circus. But then, after six

months, he drops her—takes Faunia out of the rotation and drops

her. I knew nothing about any of this till she told me. And she only

told me because one night in bed, her eyes roll back into her head

and she calls me by his name. Whispers to me, 'Smoky.' On top of

EVERYONE KNOWS

old Smoky. Her being with him in that ménage gave me a better

idea of the dame I was dealing with. Upped the ante. Gave me a jolt,

actually—this is no amateur. When I ask her how Smoky manages

to attract his hordes, she tells me, 'By the force of his prick.' 'Explain,'

I say, and she tells me, 'You know how when a real cunt walks

into a room, a man knows it? Well, the same thing happens the

other way round. With certain people, no matter what the disguise,

you understand what they're there to do.' In bed is the only place

where Faunia is in any way shrewd, Nathan. A spontaneous physical

shrewdness plays the leading role in bed—second lead played by

transgressive audacity. In bed nothing escapes Faunia's attention.

Her flesh has eyes. Her flesh sees everything. In bed she is a powerful,

coherent, unified being whose pleasure is in overstepping the

boundaries. In bed she is a deep phenomenon. Maybe that's a gift

of the molestation. When we go downstairs to the kitchen, when I

scramble some eggs and we sit there eating together, she's a kid.

Maybe that's a gift of the molestation too. I am in the company of a

blank-eyed, distracted, incoherent kid. This happens nowhere else.

But whenever we eat, there it is: me and my kid. Seems to be all the

daughter that's left in her. She can't sit up straight in her chair, she

can't string two sentences together having anything to do with each

other. All the seeming nonchalance about sex and tragedy, all of

that disappears, and I'm sitting there wanting to say to her, 'Pull

yourself up to the table, get the sleeve of my bathrobe out of your

plate, try to listen to what I'm saying, and look at me, damn it,

when you speak.'"

"Do you say it?"

"Doesn't seem advisable. No, I don't—not as long as I prefer to

preserve the intensity of what is there. I think of that canister under

her bed, where she keeps the ashes she doesn't know what to do

with, and I want to say, 'It's two years. It's time to bury them. If you

can't put them in the ground, then go down to the river and shake

out the ashes from the bridge. Let them float off. Let them go. I'll go

do it with you. We'll do it together.' But I am not the father to this

daughter—that's not the role I play here. I'm not her professor. I'm

THE HUMAN STAIN

not anyone's professor. From teaching people, correcting people,

advising and examining and enlightening people, I am retired. I am

a seventy-one-year-old man with a thirty-four-year-old mistress;

this disqualifies me, in the commonwealth of Massachusetts, from

enlightening anyone. I'm taking Viagra, Nathan. There's La Belle

Dame sans Merci. I owe all of this turbulence and happiness to

Viagra. Without Viagra none of this would be happening. Without

Viagra I would have a picture of the world appropriate to my age

and wholly different aims. Without Viagra I would have the dignity

of an elderly gentleman free from desire who behaves correctly. I

would not be doing something that makes no sense. I would not be

doing something unseemly, rash, ill considered, and potentially disastrous

for all involved. Without Viagra, I could continue, in my

declining years, to develop the broad impersonal perspective of an

experienced and educated honorably discharged man who has long

ago given up the sensual enjoyment of life. I could continue to draw

profound philosophical conclusions and have a steadying moral

influence on the young, instead of having put myself back into the

perpetual state of emergency that is sexual intoxication. Thanks to

Viagra I've come to understand Zeus's amorous transformations.

That's what they should have called Viagra. They should have called

it Zeus."

Is he astonished to be telling me all this? I think he may be.

But he's too enlivened by it all to stop. The impulse is the same

one that drove him to dance with me. Yes, I thought, it's no longer

writing Spooks that's the defiant rebound from humiliation; it's

fucking Faunia. But there's more even than that driving him.

There's the wish to let the brute out, let that force out—for half

an hour, for two hours, for whatever, to be freed into the natural

thing. He was married a long time. He had kids. He was the dean

at a college. For forty years he was doing what was necessary to

do. He was busy, and the natural thing that is the brute was moved

into a box. And now that box is opened. Being a dean, being a

father, being a husband, being a scholar, a teacher, reading the

books, giving the lectures, marking the papers, giving the grades,

EVERYONE KNOWS

it's over. At seventy-one you're not the high-spirited, horny brute

you were at twenty-six, of course. But the remnants of the brute,

the remnants of the natural thing—he is in touch now with the

remnants. And he's happy as a result, he's grateful to be in touch

with the remnants. He's more than happy—he's thrilled, and he's

bound, deeply bound to her already, because of the thrill. It's not

family that's doing it—biology has no use for him anymore. It's not

family, it's not responsibility, it's not duty, it's not money, it's not a

shared philosophy or the love of literature, it's not big discussions

of great ideas. No, what binds him to her is the thrill. Tomorrow he

develops cancer, and boom. But today he has this thrill.

Why is he telling me? Because to be able to abandon oneself to

this freely, someone has to know it. He's free to be abandoned, I

thought, because there's nothing at stake. Because there is no future.

Because he's seventy-one and she's thirty-four. He's in it not

for learning, not for planning, but for adventure; he's in it as she is:

for the ride. He's been given a lot of license by those thirty-seven

years. An old man and, one last time, the sexual charge. What is

more moving for anybody?

"Of course I have to ask," Coleman said, "what she's doing with

me. What is really going through her mind? An exciting new experience

for her, to be with a man as old as her grandfather?"

"I suppose there is that type of woman," I said, "for whom it is an

exciting experience. There's every other type, why shouldn't there

be that type? Look, there is obviously a department somewhere,

Coleman, a federal agency that deals with old men, and she comes

from that agency."

"As a young guy," Coleman told me, "I was never involved with

ugly women. But in the navy I had a friend, Farriello, and ugly

women were his specialty. Down at Norfolk, if we went to a dance

at a church, if we went at night to the USO, Farriello made a beeline

for the ugliest girl. When I laughed at him, he told me I didn't know

what I was missing. They're frustrated, he told me. They're not as

beautiful, he told me, as the empresses you choose, so they'll do

whatever you want. Most men are stupid, he said, because they

THE HUMAN STAIN

don't know this. They don't understand that if only you approach

the ugliest woman, she is the one who is the most extraordinary. If

you can open her up, that is. But if you succeed? If you succeed in

opening her up, you don't know what to do first, she is vibrating so.

And all because she's ugly. Because she is never chosen. Because she

is in the corner when all the other girls dance. And that's what it's

like to be an old man. To be like that ugly girl. To be in the corner at

the dance."

"So Faunia's your Farriello."

He smiled. "More or less."

"Well, whatever else may be going on," I told him, "thanks to

Viagra you're no longer suffering the torture of writing that book."

"I think that's so," Coleman said. "I think that's true. That stupid

book. And did I tell you that Faunia can't read? I found this out

when we drove up to Vermont one night for dinner. Couldn't read

the menu. Tossed it aside. She has a way, when she wants to look

properly contemptuous, of lifting just a half of her upper lip, lifting

it a hair, and then speaking what's on her mind. Properly contemptuous,

she says to the waitress, 'Whatever he has, ditto.'"

"She went to school until she was fourteen. How come she can't

read?"

"The ability to read seems to have perished right along with the

childhood when she learned how. I asked her how this could happen,

but all she did was laugh. 'Easy,' she says. The good liberals

down at Athena are trying to encourage her to enter a literacy program,

but Faunia's not having it. 'And don't you try to teach me. Do

anything you want with me, anything,' she told me that night, 'but

don't pull that shit. Bad enough having to hear people speak. Start

teaching me to read, force me into that, push reading on me, and

it'll be you who push me over the edge.' All the way back from Vermont,

I was silent, and so was she. Not until we reached the house

did we utter a word to each other. 'You're not up to fucking somebody

who can't read,' she said. 'You're going to drop me because I'm

not a worthy, legitimate person who reads. You're going to say to

me, 'Learn to read or go.' 'No,' I told her, 'I'm going to fuck you all

EVERYONE KNOWS

the harder because you can't read.' 'Good,' she said, 'we understand

each other. I don't do it like those literate girls and I don't want to

be done to like them.' 'I'm going to fuck you,' I said, 'for just what

you are.' 'That's the ticket,' she says. We were both laughing by

then. Faunia's got the laugh of a barmaid who keeps a baseball bat

at her feet in case of trouble, and so she was laughing that laugh of

hers, that scrappy, I've-seen-it-all laugh—you know, the coarse,

easy laugh of the woman with a past—and by then she's unzipping

my fly. But she was right on the money about my having decided to

give her up. All the way back from Vermont I was thinking exactly

what she said I was thinking. But I'm not going to do that. I'm not

going to impose my wonderful virtue on her. Or on myself. That's

over. I know these things don't come without a cost. I know that

there's no insurance you can buy on this. I know how the thing

that's restoring you can wind up killing you. I know that every mistake

that a man can make usually has a sexual accelerator. But right

now I happen not to care. I wake up in the morning, there's a towel

on the floor, there's baby oil on the bedside table. How did all that

get there? Then I remember. Got there because I'm alive again. Because

I'm back in the tornado. Because this is what it is with a capital

isness. I'm not going to give her up, Nathan. I've started to call her

Voluptas."

As a result of surgery I had several years ago to remove my prostate

—cancer surgery that, though successful, was not without the

adverse aftereffects almost unavoidable in such operations because

of nerve damage and internal scarring—I've been left incontinent,

and so, the first thing I did when I got home from Coleman's was to

dispose of the absorbent cotton pad that I wear night and day,

slipped inside the crotch of my underwear the way a hot dog lies in

a roll. Because of the heat that evening, and because I wasn't going

out to a public place or a social gathering, I'd tried to get by with

ordinary cotton briefs pulled on over the pad instead of the plastic

ones, and the result was that the urine had seeped through to my

khaki trousers. I discovered when I got home that the trousers were

THE HUMAN STAIN

discolored at the front and that I smelled a little—the pads are

treated, but there was, on this occasion, an odor. I'd been so engaged

by Coleman and his story that I'd failed to monitor myself.

All the while I was there, drinking a beer, dancing with him, attending

to the clarity—the predictable rationality and descriptive clarity

—with which he worked to make less unsettling to himself this

turn that life had taken, I hadn't gone off to check myself, as ordinarily

I do during my waking hours, and so, what from time to time

now happens to me happened that night.

No, a mishap like this one doesn't throw me as much as it used to

when, in the months after the surgery, I was first experimenting

with the ways of handling the problem—and when, of course, I was

habituated to being a free and easy, dry and odorless adult possessing

an adult's mastery of the body's elementary functions, someone

who for some sixty years had gone about his everyday business unworried

about the status of his underclothes. Yet I do suffer at least

a pang of distress when I have to deal with something messier than

the ordinary inconvenience that is now a part of my life, and I still

despair to think that the contingency that virtually defines the infant

state will never be alleviated.

I was also left impotent by the surgery. The drug therapy that was

practically brand-new in the summer of 1998 and that had already,

in its short time on the market, proved to be something like a miraculous

elixir, restoring functional potency to many otherwise

healthy, elderly men like Coleman, was of no use to me because of

the extensive nerve damage done by the operation. For conditions

like mine Viagra could do nothing, though even had it proved helpful,

I don't believe I would have taken it.

I want to make clear that it wasn't impotence that led me into a

reclusive existence. To the contrary. I'd already been living and

writing for some eighteen months in my two-room cabin up here

in the Berkshires when, following a routine physical exam, I received

a preliminary diagnosis of prostate cancer and, a month

later, after the follow-up tests, went to Boston for the prostatectomy.

My point is that by moving here I had altered deliberately my

EVERYONE KNOWS

relationship to the sexual caterwaul, and not because the exhortations

or, for that matter, my erections had been effectively weakened

by time, but because I couldn't meet the costs of its clamoring

anymore, could no longer marshal the wit, the strength, the patience,

the illusion, the irony, the ardor, the egoism, the resilience—

or the toughness, or the shrewdness, or the falseness, the dissembling,

the dual being, the erotic professionalism—to deal with its array

of misleading and contradictory meanings. As a result, I was

able to lessen a little my postoperative shock at the prospect of permanent

impotence by remembering that all the surgery had done

was to make me hold to a renunciation to which I had already voluntarily

submitted. The operation did no more than to enforce

with finality a decision I'd come to on my own, under the pressure

of a lifelong experience of entanglements but in a time of full, vigorous,

and restless potency, when the venturesome masculine mania

to repeat the act—repeat it and repeat it and repeat it—remained

undeterred by physiological problems.

It wasn't until Coleman told me about himself and his Voluptas

that all the comforting delusions about the serenity achieved

through enlightened resignation vanished, and I completely lost

my equilibrium. Well into the morning I lay awake, powerless as a

lunatic to control my thinking, hypnotized by the other couple and

comparing them to my own washed-out state. I lay awake not even

trying to prevent myself from mentally reconstructing the "transgressive

audacity" Coleman was refusing to relinquish. And my

having danced around like a harmless eunuch with this still vital,

potent participant in the frenzy struck me now as anything but

charming self-satire.

How can one say, "No, this isn't a part of life," since it always is?

The contaminant of sex, the redeeming corruption that de-idealizes

the species and keeps us everlastingly mindful of the matter we are.

In the middle of the next week, Coleman got the anonymous letter,

one sentence long, subject, predicate, and pointed modifiers boldly

inscribed in a large hand across a single sheet of white typing paper,

THE HUMAN STAIN

the twelve-word message, intended as an indictment, filling the

sheet from top to bottom:

Everyone knows you're

sexually exploiting an

abused, illiterate

woman half your

age.

The writing on both the envelope and the letter was in red ballpoint

ink. Despite the envelope's New York City postmark, Coleman

recognized the handwriting immediately as that of the young

French woman who'd been his department chair when he'd returned

to teaching after stepping down from the deanship and who,

later, had been among those most eager to have him exposed as a

racist and reprimanded for the insult he had leveled at his absent

black students.

In his Spooks files, on several of the documents generated by his

case, he found samples of handwriting that confirmed his identification

of Professor Delphine Roux, of Languages and Literature,

as the anonymous letter writer. Aside from her having printed

rather than written in script the first couple of words, she hadn't

made any effort that Coleman could see to put him off the trail by

falsifying her hand. She might have begun with that intention but

appeared to have abandoned it or forgotten about it after getting no

further than "Everyone knows." On the envelope, the French-born

professor hadn't even bothered to eschew the telltale European sevens

in Coleman's street address and zip code. This laxness, an odd

disregard—in an anonymous letter—for concealing the signs of

one's identity, might have been explained by some extreme emotional

state she was in that hadn't allowed her to think through

what she was doing before firing off the letter, except that it hadn't

been posted locally—and hastily—but appeared from the postmark

to have been transported some hundred and forty miles

south before being mailed. Maybe she had figured that there was

nothing distinctive or eccentric enough in her handwriting for him

EVERYONE KNOWS

to be able to recognize it from his days as dean; maybe she had

failed to remember the documents pertaining to his case, the notes

of her two interviews with Tracy Cummings that she had passed on

to the faculty investigating committee along with the final report

that bore her signature. Perhaps she didn't realize that, at Coleman's

request, the committee had provided him with a photocopy

of her original notes and all the other data pertinent to the complaint

against him. Or maybe she didn't care if he did determine

who out there had uncovered his secret: maybe she wanted both to

taunt him with the menacing aggressiveness of an anonymous indictment

and, at the same time, to all but disclose that the indictment

had been brought by someone now far from powerless.

The afternoon Coleman called and asked me to come over to see

the anonymous letter, all the samples of Delphine Roux's handwriting

from the Spooks files were neatly laid out on the kitchen table,

both the originals and copies of the originals that he'd already run

off and on which he'd circled, in red, every stroke of the pen that he

saw as replicating the strokes in the anonymous letter. Marked off

mainly were letters in isolation—a y, an s, an x, here a word-ending

e with a wide loop, here an e looking something like an i when nestled

up against an adjacent d but more like a conventionally written

e when preceding an r—and, though the similarities in writing

between the letter and the Spooks documents were noteworthy, it

wasn't until he showed me where his full name appeared on the envelope

and where it appeared in her interview notes with Tracy

Cummings that it seemed to me indisputable that he had nailed the

culprit who'd set out to nail him.

Everyone knows you're

sexually exploiting an

abused, illiterate

woman half your

age.

While I held the letter in my hand and as carefully as I could—

and as Coleman would have me do—appraised the choice of words

THE HUMAN STAIN

and their linear deployment as if they'd been composed not by

Delphine Roux but by Emily Dickinson, Coleman explained to me

that it was Faunia, out of that savage wisdom of hers, and not he

who had sworn them both to the secrecy that Delphine Roux had

somehow penetrated and was more or less threatening to expose. "I

don't want anybody butting in my life. All I want is a no-pressure

bang once a week, on the sly, with a man who's been through it all

and is nicely cooled out. Otherwise it's nobody's fucking business."

The nobody Faunia turned out mostly to be referring to was

Lester Farley, her ex-husband. Not that she'd been knocked around

in her life by this man alone—"How could I be, being out there on

my own since I was fourteen?" When she was seventeen, for example,

and down in Florida waitressing, the then-boyfriend not only

beat her up and trashed her apartment, he stole her vibrator. "That

hurt," Faunia said. And always, the provocation was jealousy. She'd

looked at another man the wrong way, she'd invited another man to

look at her the wrong way, she hadn't explained convincingly where

she'd been for the previous half hour, she'd spoken the wrong word,

used the wrong intonation, signaled, unsubstantially, she thought,

that she was an untrustworthy two-timing slut—whatever the reason,

whoever he might be would be over her swinging his fists and

kicking his boots and Faunia would be screaming for her life.

Lester Farley had sent her to the hospital twice in the year before

their divorce, and as he was still living somewhere in the hills and,

since the bankruptcy, working for the town road crew, and as there

was no doubting that he was still crazy, she was as frightened for

Coleman, she said, as she was for herself, should he ever discover

what was going on. She suspected that why Smoky had so precipitously

dumped her was because of some sort of run-in or brush

he'd had with Les Farley—because Les, a periodic stalker of his exwife,

had somehow found out about her and her boss, even though

Hollenbeck's trysting places were remarkably well hidden, tucked

away in remote corners of old buildings that no one but the boss of

the college physical plant could possibly know existed or have access

to. Reckless as it might seem for Smoky to be recruiting girl-

EVERYONE KNOWS

friends from his own custodial staff and then to be rendezvousing

with them right on campus, he was otherwise as meticulous in the

management of his sporting life as he was in his work for the college.

With the same professional dispatch that could get the campus

roads cleared of a blizzard in a matter of hours, he could, if need be,

equally expeditiously rid himself of one of his girls.

"So what do I do?" Coleman asked me. "I wasn't against keeping

this thing concealed even before I'd heard about the violent ex-husband.

I knew that something like this was coming. Forget that I was

once the dean where she now cleans the toilets. I'm seventy-one

and she's thirty-four. I could count on that alone to do it, I was sure,

and so, when she told me that it was nobody's business, I figured,

She's taken it out of my hands. I don't even have to broach the subject.

Play it like adultery? Fine with me. That's why we went for dinner

up in Vermont. That's why if our paths cross at the post office,

we don't even bother to say hello."

"Maybe somebody saw you in Vermont. Maybe somebody saw

you driving together in your car."

"True—that's probably what happened. That's all that could have

happened. It might have been Farley himself who saw us. Christ,

Nathan, I hadn't been on a date in almost fifty years—I thought the

restaurant... I'm an idiot."

"No, it wasn't idiocy. No, no—you just got claustrophobic.

Look," I said, "Delphine Roux—I won't pretend I understand why

she should care so passionately who you are screwing in your retirement,

but since we know that other people don't do well with

somebody who fails at being conventional, let's assume that she is

one of these other people. But you're not. You're free. A free and independent

man. A free and independent old man. You lost plenty

quitting that place, but what about what you've gained? It's no

longer your job to enlighten anyone—you said as much yourself.

Nor is this a test of whether you can or cannot rid yourself of every

last social inhibition. You may now be retired but you're a man who

led virtually the whole of life within the bounds of the communal

academic society—if I read you right, this is a most unusual thing

THE HUMAN STAIN

for you. Perhaps you never wanted Faunia to have happened. You

may even believe that you shouldn't want her to have happened.

But the strongest defenses are riddled with weakness, and so in slips

the last thing in the world you expected. At seventy-one, there is

Faunia; in 1998, there is Viagra; there once again is the all-but-forgotten

thing. The enormous comfort. The crude power. The disorienting

intensity. Out of nowhere, Coleman Silk's last great fling.

For all we know, the last great last-minute fling. So the particulars

of Faunia Farley's biography form an unlikely contrast to your

own. So they don't conform to decency's fantasy blueprint for who

should be in bed with a man of your years and your position—if

anyone should be. Did what resulted from your speaking the word

'spooks' conform to decency's blueprint? Did Iris's stroke conform

to decency's blueprint? Ignore the inanely stupid letter. Why should

you let it deter you?"

"Anonymous inanely stupid letter," he said. "Who has ever sent

me an anonymous letter? Who capable of rational thought sends

anyone an anonymous letter?"

"Maybe it's a French thing," I said. "Isn't there a lot of it in

Balzac? In Stendhal? Aren't there anonymous letters in The Red and

the Black?"

"I don't remember."

"Look, for some reason everything you do must have ruthlessness

as its explanation, and everything Delphine Roux does must

have virtue as its explanation. Isn't mythology full of giants and

monsters and snakes? By defining you as a monster, she defines herself

as a heroine. This is her slaying of the monster. This is her revenge

for your preying on the powerless. She's giving the whole

thing mythological status."

From the smile indulgently offered me, I saw that I wasn't making

much headway by spinning off, even jokingly, a pre-Homeric

interpretation of the anonymous indictment. "You can't find in

mythmaking," he told me, "an explanation for her mental processes.

She hasn't the imaginative resources for mythmaking. Her

EVERYONE KNOWS

métier is the stories that the peasants tell to account for their misery.

The evil eye. The casting of spells. I've cast a spell over Faunia.

Her metier is folktales full of witches and wizards."

We were enjoying ourselves now, and I realized that in my effort

to distract him from his rampaging pique by arguing for the primacy

of his pleasure, I had given a boost to his feeling for me—and

exposed mine for him. I was gushing and I knew it. I surprised myself

with my eagerness to please, felt myself saying too much, explaining

too much, overinvolved and overexcited in the way you are

when you're a kid and you think you've found a soul mate in the

new boy down the street and you feel yourself drawn by the force of

the courtship and so act as you don't normally do and a lot more

openly than you may even want to. But ever since he had banged on

my door the day after Iris's death and proposed that I write Spooks

for him, I had, without figuring or planning on it, fallen into a serious

friendship with Coleman Silk. I wasn't paying attention to his

predicament as merely a mental exercise. His difficulties mattered

to me, and this despite my determination to concern myself, in

whatever time I have left, with nothing but the daily demands of

work, to be engrossed by nothing but solid work, in search of adventure

nowhere else—to have not even a life of my own to care

about, let alone somebody else's.

And I realized all this with some disappointment. Abnegation

of society, abstention from distraction, a self-imposed separation

from every last professional yearning and social delusion and cultural

poison and alluring intimacy, a rigorous reclusion such as that

practiced by religious devouts who immure themselves in caves or

cells or isolated forest huts, is maintained on stuff more obdurate

than I am made of. I had lasted alone just five years—five years of

reading and writing a few miles up Madamaska Mountain in a

pleasant two-room cabin situated between a small pond at the back

of my place and, through the scrub across the dirt road, a ten-acre

marsh where the migrating Canada geese take shelter each evening

and a patient blue heron does its solitary angling all summer long.

THE HUMAN STAIN

The secret to living in the rush of the world with a minimum of

pain is to get as many people as possible to string along with your

delusions; the trick to living alone up here, away from all agitating

entanglements, allurements, and expectations, apart especially

from one's own intensity, is to organize the silence, to think of its

mountaintop plenitude as capital, silence as wealth exponentially

increasing. The encircling silence as your chosen source of advantage

and your only intimate. The trick is to find sustenance in

(Hawthorne again) "the communications of a solitary mind with

itself." The secret is to find sustenance in people like Hawthorne, in

the wisdom of the brilliant deceased.

It took time to face down the difficulties set by this choice, time

and heronlike patience to subdue the longings for everything that

had vanished, but after five years I'd become so skillful at surgically

carving up my days that there was no longer an hour of the eventless

existence I'd embraced that didn't have its importance to me.

Its necessity. Its excitement even. I no longer indulged the pernicious

wish for something else, and the last thing I thought I could

endure again was the sustained company of someone else. The music

I play after dinner is not a relief from the silence but something

like its substantiation: listening to music for an hour or two every

evening doesn't deprive me of the silence—the music is the silence

coming true. I swim for thirty minutes in my pond first thing every

summer morning, and, for the rest of the year, after my morning of

writing—and so long as the snow doesn't make hiking impossible

—I'm out on the mountain trails for a couple of hours nearly

every afternoon. There has been no recurrence of the cancer that

cost me my prostate. Sixty-five, fit, well, working hard—and I know

the score. I have to know it.

So why, then, having turned the experiment of radical seclusion

into a rich, full solitary existence—why, with no warning, should I

be lonely? Lonely for what? What's gone is gone. There's no relaxing

the rigor, no undoing the renunciations. Lonely for precisely what?

Simple: for what I had developed an aversion to. For what I had

turned my back on. For life. The entanglement with life.

EVERYONE KNOWS

This was how Coleman became my friend and how I came out

from under the stalwartness of living alone in my secluded house

and dealing with the cancer blows. Coleman Silk danced me right

back into life. First Athena College, then me—here was a man who

made things happen. Indeed, the dance that sealed our friendship

was also what made his disaster my subject. And made his disguise

my subject. And made the proper presentation of his secret my

problem to solve. That was how I ceased being able to live apart

from the turbulence and intensity that I had fled. I did no more

than find a friend, and all the world's malice came rushing in.

Later that afternoon, Coleman took me to meet Faunia at a small

dairy farm six miles from his house, where she lived rent-free in exchange

for sometimes doing the milking. The dairy operation, a

few years old now, had been initiated by two divorced women, college-

educated environmentalists, who'd each come from a New

England farming family and who had pooled their resources—

pooled their young children as well, six children who, as the owners

liked to tell their customers, weren't dependent on Sesame Street to

learn where milk comes from—to take on the almost impossible

task of making a living by selling raw milk. It was a unique operation,

nothing like what was going on at the big dairy farms, nothing

impersonal or factorylike about it, a place that wouldn't seem like a

dairy farm to most people these days. It was called Organic Livestock,

and it produced and bottled the raw milk that could be

found in local general stores and in some of the region's supermarkets

and was available, at the farm, for steady customers who purchased

three or more gallons a week.

There were just eleven cows, purebred Jerseys, and each had an

old-fashioned cow name rather than a numbered ear tag to identify

it. Because their milk was not mixed with the milk of the huge

herds that are injected with all sorts of chemicals, and because,

uncompromised by pasteurization and unshattered by homogenization,

the milk took on the tinge, even faintly the flavor, of whatever

they were eating season by season—feed that had been grown

THE HUMAN STAIN

without the use of herbicides, pesticides, or chemical fertilizers—

and because their milk was richer in nutrients than blended milk, it

was prized by the people around who tried to keep the family diet

to whole rather than processed foods. The farm has a strong following

particularly among the numerous people tucked away up here,

the retired as well as those raising families, in flight from the pollutants,

frustrations, and debasements of a big city. In the local

weekly, a letter to the editor will regularly appear from someone

who has recently found a better life out along these rural roads, and

in reverent tones mention will be made of Organic Livestock milk,

not simply as a tasty drink but as the embodiment of a freshening,

sweetening country purity that their city-battered idealism requires.

Words like "goodness" and "soul" crop up regularly in these

published letters, as if downing a glass of Organic Livestock milk

were no less a redemptive religious rite than a nutritional blessing.

"When we drink Organic Livestock milk, our body, soul, and spirit

are getting nourished as a whole. Various organs in our body receive

this wholeness and appreciate it in a way we may not perceive."

Sentences like that, sentences with which otherwise sensible

adults, liberated from whatever vexation had driven them from

New York or Hartford or Boston, can spend a pleasant few minutes

at the desk pretending that they are seven years old.

Though Coleman probably used, all told, no more than the half

cup of milk a day he poured over his morning cereal, he'd signed on

with Organic Livestock as a three-gallon-a-week customer. Doing

this allowed him to pick up his milk, fresh from the cow, right at the

farm—to drive his car in from the road and down the long tractor

path to the barn and to walk into the barn and get the milk cold out

of the refrigerator. He'd arranged to do this not so as to be able to

procure the price break extended to three-gallon customers but because

the refrigerator was set just inside the entryway to the barn

and only some fifteen feet from the stall where the cows were led in

to be milked one at a time, twice a day, and where at 5 P.M. (when he

showed up) Faunia, fresh from her duties at the college, would be

doing the milking a few times a week.

EVERYONE KNOWS

All he ever did there was watch her work. Even though there was

rarely anyone else around at that time, Coleman remained outside

the stall looking in and let her get on with the job without having

to bother to talk to him. Often they said nothing, because saying

nothing intensified their pleasure. She knew he was watching her;

knowing she knew, he watched all the harder—and that they

weren't able to couple down in the dirt didn't make a scrap of difference.

It was enough that they should be alone together somewhere

other than in his bed, it was enough to have to maintain the

matter-of-factness of being separated by unsurpassable social obstacles,

to play their roles as farm laborer and retired college professor,

to perform consummately at her being a strong, lean working

woman of thirty-four, a wordless illiterate, an elemental rustic of

muscle and bone who'd just been in the yard with the pitchfork

cleaning up from the morning milking, and at his being a thoughtful

senior citizen of seventy-one, an accomplished classicist, an

amplitudinous brain of a man replete with the vocabularies of two

ancient tongues. It was enough to be able to conduct themselves

like two people who had nothing whatsoever in common, all the

while remembering how they could distill to an orgasmic essence

everything about them that was irreconcilable, the human discrepancies

that produced all the power. It was enough to feel the thrill

of leading a double life.

There was, at first glance, little to raise unduly one's carnal expectations

about the gaunt, lanky woman spattered with dirt, wearing

shorts and a T-shirt and rubber boots, whom I saw in with the

herd that afternoon and whom Coleman identified as his Voluptas.

The carnally authoritative-looking creatures were those with the

bodies that took up all the space, the creamy-colored cows with the

free-swinging, girderlike hips and the barrel-wide paunches and

the disproportionately cartoonish milk-swollen udders, the unagitated,

slow-moving, strife-free cows, each a fifteen-hundred-pound

industry of its own gratification, big-eyed beasts for whom chomping

at one extremity from a fodder-filled trough while being sucked

dry at the other by not one or two or three but by four pulsating,

THE HUMAN STAIN

untiring mechanical mouths—for whom sensual stimulus simultaneously

at both ends was their voluptuous due. Each of them deep

into a bestial existence blissfully lacking in spiritual depth: to squirt

and to chew, to crap and to piss, to graze and to sleep—that was

their whole raison d'être. Occasionally (Coleman explained to me)

a human arm in a long plastic glove is thrust into the rectum to

haul out the manure and then, by feeling with the glove through

the rectal wall, guides the other arm in inserting a syringelike

breeding gun up the reproductive tract to deposit semen. They

propagate, that means, without having to endure the disturbance of

the bull, coddled even in breeding and then assisted in delivery—

and in what Faunia said could prove to be an emotional process for

everyone involved—even on below-zero nights when a blizzard is

blowing. The best of carnal everything, including savoring at their

leisure mushy, dripping mouthfuls of their own stringy cud. Few

courtesans have lived as well, let alone workaday women.

Among those pleasured creatures and the aura they exuded of

an opulent, earthy oneness with female abundance, it was Faunia

who labored like the beast of burden for all that she seemed, with

the cows framing her figure, one of evolution's more pathetic flyweights.

Calling them to come out from the open shed where they

were reposefully sprawled in a mix of hay and shit—"Let's go,

Daisy, don't give me a hard time. C'mon now, Maggie, that's a good

girl. Move your ass, Flossie, you old bitch"—grabbing them by the

collar and driving and cajoling them through the sludge of the yard

and up one step onto the concrete floor of the milking parlor, shoving

these cumbersome Daisys and Maggies in toward the trough

until they were secure in the stanchion, measuring out and pouring

them each their portion of vitamins and feed, disinfecting the teats

and wiping them clean and starting the milk flow with a few jerks

of the hand, then attaching to the sterilized teats the suction cups at

the end of the milk claw, she was in motion constantly, fixed unwaveringly

on each stage of the milking but, in exaggerated contrast to

their stubborn docility, moving all the time with a beelike adroitness

until the milk was streaming through the clear milk tube into

EVERYONE KNOWS

the shining stainless-steel pail, and she at last stood quietly by,

watching to make certain that everything was working and that the

cow too was standing quietly. Then she was again in motion, massaging

the udder to be sure the cow was milked out, removing the

teat cups, pouring out the feed portion for the cow she would be

milking after undoing the milked cow from the stanchion, getting

the grain for the next cow in front of the alternate stanchion,

and then, within the confines of that smallish space, grabbing the

milked cow by the collar again and maneuvering her great bulk

around, backing her up with a push, shoving her with a shoulder,

bossily telling her, "Get out, get on out of here, just get—" and leading

her back through the mud to the shed.

Faunia Farley: thin-legged, thin-wristed, thin-armed, with

clearly discernible ribs and shoulder blades that protruded, and

yet when she tensed you saw that her limbs were hard; when she

reached or stretched for something you saw that her breasts were

surprisingly substantial; and when, because of the flies and the

gnats buzzing the herd on this close summer day, she slapped at her

neck or her backside, you saw something of how frisky she could

be, despite the otherwise straight-up style. You saw that her body

was something more than efficiently lean and severe, that she was a

firmly made woman precipitously poised at the moment when she

is no longer ripening but not yet deteriorating, a woman in the

prime of her prime, whose fistful of white hairs is fundamentally

beguiling just because the sharp Yankee contour of her cheeks and

her jaw and the long unmistakably female neck haven't yet been

subject to the transformations of aging.

"This is my neighbor," Coleman said to her when she took a moment

to wipe the sweat from her face with the crook of her elbow

and to look our way. "This is Nathan."

I hadn't expected composure. I was expecting someone openly

angrier. She acknowledged me with no more than a jerk of her chin,

but it was a gesture from which she got a lot of mileage. It was a

chin from which she got a lot of mileage. Keeping it up as she normally

did, it gave her—virility. That was in the response too: some-

THE HUMAN STAIN

thing virile and implacable, as well as a little disreputable, in that

dead-on look. The look of someone for whom both sex and betrayal

are as basic as bread. The look of the runaway and the look

that results from the galling monotony of bad luck. Her hair, the

golden blond hair in the poignant first stage of its unpreventable

permutation, was twisted at the back through an elastic band, but a

lock kept falling toward her eyebrow as she worked, and now, while

silently looking our way, she pushed it back with her hand, and for

the first time I noticed in her face a small feature that, perhaps

wrongly, because I was searching for a sign, had the effect of something

telling: the convex fullness of the narrow arch of flesh between

the ridge of eyebrow and the upper eyelids. She was a thinlipped

woman with a straight nose and clear blue eyes and good

teeth and a prominent jaw, and that puff of flesh just beneath her

eyebrows was her only exotic marking, the only emblem of allure,

something swollen with desire. It also accounted for a lot that was

unsettlingly obscure about the hard flatness of her gaze.

In all, Faunia was not the enticing siren who takes your breath

away but a clean-cut-looking woman about whom one thinks, As a

child she must have been very beautiful. Which she was: according

to Coleman, a golden, beautiful child with a rich stepfather who

wouldn't leave her alone and a spoiled mother who wouldn't protect

her.

We stood there watching while she milked each of the eleven

cows—Daisy, Maggie, Flossie, Bessy, Dolly, Maiden, Sweetheart,

Stupid, Emma, Friendly, and Jill—stood there while she went

through the same unvarying routine with every one of them, and

when that was finished and she moved into the whitewashed room

with the big sinks and the hoses and the sterilizing units adjacent to

the milking parlor, we watched her through that doorway mixing

up the lye solution and the cleansing agents and, after separating

the vacuum line from the pipeline and the teat cups from the claw

and the two milker pails from their covers—after disassembling the

whole of the milking unit that she'd taken in there with her—setting

to work with a variety of brushes and with sinkful after sinkful

EVERYONE KNOWS

of clear water to scrub every surface of every tube, valve, gasket,

plug, plate, liner, cap, disc, and piston until each was spotlessly

clean and sanitized. Before Coleman took his milk and we got back

into his car to leave, he and I had stood together by the refrigerator

for close to an hour and a half and, aside from the words he uttered

to introduce me to her, nobody human said anything more. All you

could hear was the whirring and the chirping of the barn swallows

who nested there as they whished through the rafters where the

barn opened out behind us, and the pellets dropping into the cement

trough when she shook out the feed pail, and the shuffling

clump of the barely lifted hooves on the milking parlor floor as

Faunia, shoving and dragging and steering the cows, positioned

them into the stanchion, and then the suction noise, the soft deep

breathing of the milk pump.

After they were each buried four months later, I would remember

that milking session as though it were a theatrical performance

in which I had played the part of a walk-on, an extra, which indeed

I now am. Night after night, I could not sleep because I couldn't

stop being up there on the stage with the two leading actors and the

chorus of cows, observing this scene, flawlessly performed by the

entire ensemble, of an enamored old man watching at work the

cleaning woman-farmhand who is secretly his paramour: a scene

of pathos and hypnosis and sexual subjugation in which everything

the woman does with those cows, the way she handles them,

touches them, services them, talks to them, his greedy fascination

appropriates; a scene in which a man taken over by a force so long

suppressed in him that it had all but been extinguished revealed,

before my eyes, the resurgence of its stupefying power. It was something,

I suppose, like watching Aschenbach feverishly watching

Tadzio—his sexual longing brought to a boil by the anguishing fact

of mortality—except that we weren't in a luxury hotel on the Venice

Lido nor were we characters in a novel written in German or

even, back then, in one written in English: it was high summer and

we were in a barn in the Northeast of our country, in America in

the year of America's presidential impeachment, and, as yet, we

THE HUMAN STAIN

were no more novelistic than the animals were mythological or

stuffed. The light and heat of the day (that blessing), the unchanging

quiet of each cow's life as it paralleled that of all the others, the

enamored old man studying the suppleness of the efficient, energetic

woman, the adulation rising in him, his looking as though

nothing more stirring had ever before happened to him, and, too,

my own willing waiting, my own fascination with their extensive

disparity as human types, with the nonuniformity, the variability,

the teeming irregularity of sexual arrangements—and with the injunction

upon us, human and bovine, the highly differentiated and

the all but undifferentiated, to live, not merely to endure but to live,

to go on taking, giving, feeding, milking, acknowledging wholeheartedly,

as the enigma that it is, the pointless meaningfulness of

living—all was recorded as real by tens of thousands of minute impressions.

The sensory fullness, the copiousness, the abundant—

superabundant—detail of life, which is the rhapsody. And Coleman

and Faunia, who are now dead, deep in the flow of the unexpected,

day by day, minute by minute, themselves details in that superabundance.

Nothing lasts, and yet nothing passes, either. And nothing passes

just because nothing lasts.

The trouble with Les Farley began later that night, when Coleman

heard something stirring in the bushes outside his house, decided it

wasn't a deer or a raccoon, got up from the kitchen table where he

and Faunia had just finished their spaghetti dinner, and, from the

kitchen door, in the summer evening half-light, caught sight of a

man running across the field back of the house and toward the

woods. "Hey! You! Stop!" Coleman shouted, but the man neither

stopped nor looked back and disappeared quickly into the trees.

This wasn't the first time in recent months that Coleman believed

he was being watched by someone hiding within inches of the

house, but previously it had been later in the evening and too dark

for him to know for sure whether he had been alerted by the movements

of a peeping Tom or of an animal. And previously he had al-

EVERYONE KNOWS

ways been alone. This was the first time Faunia was there, and it was

she who, without having to see the man's silhouette cutting across

the field, identified the trespasser as her ex-husband.

After the divorce, she told Coleman, Farley had spied on her all

the time, but in the months following the death of the two children,

when he was accusing her of having killed them by her negligence,

he was frighteningly unrelenting. Twice he popped up out of nowhere

—once in the parking lot of a supermarket, once when she

was at a gas station—and screamed out of the pickup window,

"Murdering whore! Murdering bitch! You murdered my kids, you

murdering bitch!" There were many mornings when, on her way to

the college, she'd look in the rearview mirror and there would be

his pickup truck and, back of the windshield, his face with the lips

mouthing, "You murdered my kids." Sometimes he'd be on the road

behind her when she was driving home from the college. She was

then still living in the unburned half of the bungalow-garage where

the children had been asphyxiated in the heater fire, and it was out

of fear of him that she'd moved from there to a room in Seeley Falls

and then, after a foiled suicide attempt, into the room at the dairy

farm, where the two owners and their small children were almost

always around and the danger was not so great of her being accosted

by him. Farley's pickup appeared in her rearview mirror less

frequently after the second move, and then, when there was no sign

of him for months, she hoped he might be gone for good. But now,

Faunia was sure of it, he'd somehow found out about Coleman and,

enraged again with everything that had always enraged him about

her, he was back at his crazy spying, hiding outside Coleman's

house to see what she was doing there. What they were doing there.

That night, when Faunia got into her car—the old Chevy that

Coleman preferred her to park, out of sight, inside his barn—

Coleman decided to follow close behind her in his own car for the

six miles until she was safely onto the dirt driveway that led past the

cow barn to the farmhouse. And then all the way back to his own

house he looked to see if anyone was behind him. At home, he

walked from the car shed to the house swinging a tire iron in one

THE HUMAN STAIN

hand, swinging it in all directions, hoping in that way to keep at bay

anyone lurking in the dark.

By the next morning, after eight hours on his bed contending

with his worries, Coleman had decided against lodging a complaint

with the state police. Because Farley's identity couldn't be positively

established, the police would be unable to do anything about him

anyway, and should it leak out that Coleman had contacted them,

his call would have served only to corroborate the gossip already

circulating about the former dean and the Athena janitor. Not that,

after his sleepless night, Coleman could resign himself to doing

nothing about everything: following breakfast, he phoned his lawyer,

Nelson Primus, and that afternoon went down to Athena to

consult with him about the anonymous letter and there, overriding

Primus's suggestion that he forget about it, prevailed on him to

write, as follows, to Delphine Roux at the college: "Dear Ms. Roux: I

represent Coleman Silk. Several days ago, you sent an anonymous

letter to Mr. Silk that is offensive, harassing, and denigrating to

Mr. Silk. The content of your letter reads: 'Everyone knows you're

sexually exploiting an abused, illiterate woman half your age.' You

have, unfortunately, interjected yourself and become a participant

in something that is not your business. In doing that, you have violated

Mr. Silk's legal rights and are subject to suit."

A few days later Primus received three curt sentences back from

Delphine Roux's lawyer. The middle sentence, flatly denying the

charge that Delphine Roux was the author of the anonymous letter,

Coleman underlined in red. "None of the assertions in your letter

are correct," her lawyer had written to Primus, "and, indeed, they

are defamatory."

Immediately Coleman got from Primus the name of a certified

documents examiner in Boston, a handwriting analyst who did forensic

work for private corporations, U.S. government agencies,

and the state, and the next day, he himself drove the three hours to

Boston to deliver into the hands of the documents examiner his

samples of Delphine Roux's handwriting along with the anonymous

letter and its envelope. He received the findings in the mail

EVERYONE KNOWS

the next week. "At your request," read the report, "I examined and

compared copies of known handwriting of Delphine Roux with a

questioned anonymous note and an envelope addressed to Coleman

Silk. You asked for a determination of the authorship of the

handwriting on the questioned documents. My examination covers

handwriting characteristics such as slant, spacing, letter formation,

line quality, pressure pattern, proportion, letter height relationship,

connections and initials and terminal stroke formation. Based on

the documents submitted, it is my professional opinion that the

hand that penned all the known standards as Delphine Roux is one

and the same hand that penned the questioned anonymous note

and envelope. Sincerely, Douglas Gordon, CDE." When Coleman

turned the examiner's report over to Nelson Primus, with instructions

to forward a copy to Delphine Roux's lawyer, Primus no longer

put up an argument, however distressing it was to him to see

Coleman nearly as enraged as he'd been back during the crisis with

the college.

In all, eight days had passed since the evening he'd seen Farley

fleeing into the woods, eight days during which he had determined

it would be best if Faunia stayed away and they communicated by

phone. So as not to invite spying on either of them from any quarter,

he didn't go out to the farm to fetch his raw milk but stayed at

home as much as he could and kept a careful watch there, especially

after dark, to determine if anyone was snooping around. Faunia, in

turn, was told to keep a lookout of her own at the dairy farm and

to check her rearview mirror when she drove anywhere. "It's as

though we're a menace to public safety," she told him, laughing

her laugh. "No, public health," he replied—"we're in noncompliance

with the board of health."

By the end of the eight days, when he had been able at least to

confirm Delphine Roux's identification as the letter writer if not yet

Farley's as the trespasser, Coleman decided to decide that he'd done

everything within his power to defend against all of this disagreeable

and provocative meddling. When Faunia phoned him that

afternoon during her lunch break and asked, "Is the quarantine

THE HUMAN STAIN

over?" he at last felt free of enough of his anxiety—or decided to

decide to be—to give the all-clear sign.

As he expected her to show up around seven that evening, he

swallowed a Viagra tablet at six and, after pouring himself a glass of

wine, walked outside with the phone to settle into a lawn chair and

telephone his daughter. He and Iris had reared four children: two

sons now into their forties, both college professors of science, married

and with children and living on the West Coast, and the twins, Lisa

and Mark, unmarried, in their late thirties, and both living in New

York. All but one of the Silk offspring tried to get up to the

Berkshires to see their father three or four times a year and stayed in

touch every month by phone. The exception was Mark, who'd been

at odds with Coleman all his life and sporadically cut himself off

completely.

Coleman was calling Lisa because he realized that it was more

than a month and maybe even two since he'd spoken to her. Perhaps

he was merely surrendering to a transient feeling of loneliness

that would have passed when Faunia arrived, but whatever his motive,

he could have had no inkling, before the phone call, of what

was in store. Surely the last thing he was looking for was yet more

opposition, least of all from that child whose voice alone—soft,

melodic, girlish still, despite twelve difficult years as a teacher on

the Lower East Side—he could always depend on to soothe him, to

calm him, sometimes to do even more: to infatuate him with this

daughter all over again. He was doing probably what most any aging

parent will do when, for any of a hundred reasons, he or she looks

to a long-distance phone call for a momentary reminder of the old

terms of reference. The unbroken, unequivocal history of tenderness

between Coleman and Lisa made of her the least af-frontable person

still close to him.

Some three years earlier—back before the spooks incident—

when Lisa was wondering if she hadn't made an enormous mistake

by giving up classroom teaching to become a Reading Recovery

teacher, Coleman had gone down to New York and stayed several

days to see how bad off she was. Iris was alive then, very much alive,

EVERYONE KNOWS

but it wasn't Iris's enormous energy Lisa had wanted—it wasn't to

be put into motion the way Iris could put you in motion that she

wanted—rather, it was the former dean of faculty with his orderly,

determined way of untangling a mess. Iris was sure to tell her to

forge ahead, leaving Lisa overwhelmed and feeling trapped; with

him there was the possibility that, if Lisa made a compelling case

against her own persevering, he would tell her that, if she wished,

she could cut her losses and quit—which would, in turn, give her

the gumption to go on.

He'd not only spent the first night sitting up late in her living

room and listening to her woes, but the next day he'd gone to the

school to see what it was that was burning her out. And he saw, all

right: in the morning, first thing, four back-to-back half-hour sessions,

each with a six- or seven-year-old who was among the lowest-

achieving students in the first and second grades, and after that,

for the rest of the day, forty-five-minute sessions with groups of

eight kids whose reading skills were no better than those of the

one-on-one kids but for whom there wasn't yet enough trained

staff in the intensive program.

"The regular class sizes are too big," Lisa told him, "and so the

teachers can't reach these kids. I was a classroom teacher. The kids

who are struggling—it's three out of thirty. Three or four. It's not

too bad. You have the progress of all the other kids helping you

along. Instead of stopping and giving the hopeless kids what they

need, teachers just sort of shuffle them through, thinking—or pretending

—they are moving with the continuum. They're shuffled to

the second grade, the third grade, the fourth grade, and then they

seriously fail. But here it's only these kids, the ones who can't be

reached and don't get reached, and because I'm very emotional

about my kids and teaching, it affects my whole being—my whole

world. And the school, the leadership—Dad, it's not good. You have

a principal who doesn't have a vision of what she wants, and you

have a mishmash of people doing what they think is best. Which is

not necessarily what is best. When I came here twelve years ago it

was great. The principal was really good. She turned the whole

THE HUMAN STAIN

school around. But now we've gone through twenty-one teachers in

four years. Which is a lot. We've lost a lot of good people. Two years

ago I went into Reading Recovery because I just got burnt out in

the classroom. Ten years of that day in and day out. I couldn't take

any more."

He let her talk, said little, and, because she was but a few years

from forty, suppressed easily enough the impulse to take in his

arms this battered-by-reality daughter as he imagined she suppressed

the same impulse with the six-year-old kid who couldn't

read. Lisa had all of Iris's intensity without Iris's authority, and for

someone whose life existed only for others—incurable altruism

was Lisa's curse—she was, as a teacher, perpetually hovering at the

edge of depletion. There was generally a demanding boyfriend as

well from whom she could not withhold kindness, and for whom

she turned herself inside out, and for whom, unfailingly, her uncontaminated

ethical virginity became a great big bore. Lisa was always

morally in over her head, but without either the callousness to

disappoint the need of another or the strength to disillusion herself

about her strength. This was why he knew she would never quit the

Reading Recovery program, and also why such paternal pride as he

had in her was not only weighted with fear but at times tinged with

an impatience bordering on contempt.

"Thirty kids you have to take care of, the different levels that the

kids come in at, the different experiences they've had, and you've

got to make it all work," she was telling him. "Thirty diverse kids

from thirty diverse backgrounds learning thirty diverse ways. That's

a lot of management. That's a lot of paperwork. That's a lot of everything.

But that is still nothing compared to this. Sure, even with

this, even in Reading Recovery, I have days when I think, Today I

was good, but most days I want to jump out the window. I struggle

a lot as to whether this is the right program for me. Because I'm

very intense, in case you didn't know. I want to do it the right way,

and there is no right way—every kid is different and every kid is

hopeless, and I'm supposed to go in there and make it all work. Of

course everybody always struggles with the kids who can't learn.

EVERYONE KNOWS

What do you do with a kid who can't read? Think of it—a kid who

can't read. It's difficult, Daddy. Your ego gets a little caught up in it,

you know."

Lisa, who contains within her so much concern, whose conscientiousness

knows no ambivalence, who wishes to exist only to assist.

Lisa the Undisillusionable, Lisa the Unspeakably Idealistic. Phone

Lisa, he told himself, little imagining that he could ever elicit from

this foolishly saintly child of his the tone of steely displeasure with

which she received his call.

"You don't sound like yourself."

"I'm fine," she told him.

"What's wrong, Lisa?"

"Nothing."

"How's summer school? How's teaching?"

"Fine."

"And Josh?" The latest boyfriend.

"Fine."

"How are your kids? What happened to the little one who

couldn't recognize the letter n? Did he ever get to level ten? The kid

with all the n's in his name—Hernando."

"Everything's fine."

He then asked lightly, "Would you care to know how I am?"

"I know how you are."

"Do you?"

No answer.

"What's eating you, sweetheart?"

"Nothing." A "nothing," the second one, that meant all too

clearly, Don't you sweetheart me.

Something incomprehensible was happening. Who had told her?

What had they told her? As a high school kid and then in college after

the war he had pursued the most demanding curriculum; as

dean at Athena he had thrived on the difficulties of a taxing job; as

the accused in the spooks incident he had never once weakened in

fighting the false accusation against him; even his resignation from

THE HUMAN STAIN

the college had been an act not of capitulation but of outraged protest,

a deliberate manifestation of his unwavering contempt. But in

all his years of holding his own against whatever the task or the setback

or the shock, he had never—not even after Iris's death—felt as

stripped of all defenses as when Lisa, the embodiment of an almost

mockable kindness, gathered up into that one word "nothing" all

the harshness of feeling for which she had never before, in the

whole of her life, found a deserving object.

And then, even as Lisa's "nothing" was exuding its awful meaning,

Coleman saw a pickup truck moving along the blacktop road

down from the house—rolling at a crawl a couple of yards forward,

braking, very slowly rolling again, then braking again ... Coleman

came to his feet, started uncertainly across the mown grass, craning

his head to get a look, and then, on the run, began to shout, "You!

What are you up to! Hey!" But the pickup quickly increased its

speed and was out of sight before Coleman could get near enough

to discern anything of use to him about either driver or truck. As he

didn't know one make from another and, from where he'd wound

up, couldn't even tell if the truck was new or old, all that he came

away with was its color, an indeterminate gray.

And now the phone was dead. In running across the lawn, he'd

inadvertently touched the off button. That, or Lisa had deliberately

broken the connection. When he redialed, a man answered. "Is this

Josh?" Coleman asked. "Yes," the man said. "This is Coleman Silk.

Lisa's father." After a moment's silence, the man said, "Lisa doesn't

want to talk," and hung up.

Mark's doing. It had to be. Could not be anyone else's. Couldn't

be this fucking Josh's—who was he? Coleman had no more idea

how Mark could have found out about Faunia than how Delphine

Roux or anyone else had, but that didn't matter right now—it was

Mark who had assailed his twin sister with their father's crime. For

crime it would be to that boy. Almost from the time he could speak,

Mark couldn't give up the idea that his father was against him: for

the two older sons because they were older and starred at school

and imbibed without complaint their father's intellectual preten-

EVERYONE KNOWS

sions; for Lisa because she was Lisa, the family's little girl, indisputably

the child most indulged by her daddy; against Mark because

everything his twin sister was—adorable, adoring, virtuous, touching,

noble to the core—Mark was not and refused to be.

Mark's was probably the most difficult personality it was ever

Coleman's lot to try, not to understand—the resentments were all

too easy to understand—but to grapple with. The whining and

sulking had begun before he was old enough to go off to kindergarten,

and the protest against his family and their sense of things

started soon after and, despite all attempts at propitiation, solidified

over the years into his core. At the age of fourteen he vociferously

supported Nixon during the impeachment hearings while the

rest of them were rooting for the president to be imprisoned for

life; at sixteen he became an Orthodox Jew while the rest of them,

taking their cue from their anticlerical, atheistic parents, were Jews

in little more than name; at twenty he enraged his father by dropping

out of Brandeis with two semesters to go, and now, almost

into his forties, having taken up and jettisoned a dozen different

jobs to which he considered himself superior, he had discovered

that he was a narrative poet.

Because of his unshakable enmity for his father, Mark had made

himself into whatever his family wasn't—more sadly to the point,

into whatever he wasn't. A clever boy, well read, with a quick mind

and a sharp tongue, he nonetheless could never see his way around

Coleman until, at thirty-eight, as a narrative poet on biblical

themes, he had come to nurse his great life-organizing aversion

with all the arrogance of someone who has succeeded at nothing.

A devoted girlfriend, a humorless, high-strung, religiously observant

young woman, earned their keep as a dental technician in

Manhattan while Mark stayed home in their Brooklyn walk-up and

wrote the biblically inspired poems that not even the Jewish magazines

would publish, interminable poems about how David had

wronged his son Absalom and how Isaac had wronged his son Esau

and how Judah had wronged his brother Joseph and about the

curse of the prophet Nathan after David sinned with Bathsheba—

THE HUMAN STAIN

poems that, in one grandiosely ill-disguised way or another, harked

back to the idée fixe on which Markie had staked everything and

lost everything.

How could Lisa listen to him? How could Lisa take seriously any

charge brought by Markie when she knew what had been driving

him all his life? But then Lisa's being generous toward her brother,

however misbegotten she found the antagonisms that deformed

him, went back almost to their birth as twins. Because it was her

nature to be benevolent, and because even as a little schoolgirl she

had suffered the troubled conscience of the preferred child, she had

always gently indulged her twin brother's grievances and acted as

his comforter in family disputes. But must her solicitousness toward

the less favored of their twosome extend even to this crazy

charge? And what was the charge? What harmful act had the father

committed, what injury had he inflicted on his children that should

put these twins in league with Delphine Roux and Lester Farley?

And the other two, his scientist sons—were they and their scruples

in on this too? When had he last heard from them?

He remembered now that awful hour at the house after Iris's funeral,

remembered and was stung all over again by the charges that

Mark had brought against his father before the older boys moved in

and physically removed him to his old room for the rest of the afternoon.

In the days that followed, while the kids were all still

around, Coleman was willing to blame Markie's grief and not Mark

for what the boy had dared to say, but that didn't mean that he'd

forgotten or that he ever would. Markie had begun berating him

only minutes after they'd driven back from the cemetery. "The college

didn't do it. The blacks didn't do it. Your enemies didn't do it.

You did it. You killed mother. The way you kill everything! Because

you have to be right! Because you won't apologize, because every

time you are a hundred percent right, now it's Mother who's dead!

And it all could have been settled so easily—all of it settled in

twenty-four hours if you knew how once in your life to apologize.

'I'm sorry that I said "spooks."' That's all you had to do, great man,

EVERYONE KNOWS

just go to those students and say you were sorry, and Mother would

not be dead!"

Out on his lawn, Coleman was seized suddenly with the sort of

indignation he had not felt since the day following Markie's outburst,

when he'd written and submitted his resignation from the

college all in an hour's time. He knew that it was not correct to have

such feelings toward his children. He knew, from the spooks incident,

that indignation on such a scale was a form of madness, and

one to which he could succumb. He knew that indignation like this

could lead to no orderly and reasoned approach to the problem. He

knew as an educator how to educate and as a father how to father

and as a man of over seventy that one must regard nothing, particularly

within a family, even one containing a grudge-laden son like

Mark, as implacably unchangeable. And it wasn't from the spooks

incident alone that he knew about what can corrode and warp a

man who believes himself to have been grievously wronged. He

knew from the wrath of Achilles, the rage of Philoctetes, the fulminations

of Medea, the madness of Ajax, the despair of Electra, and

the suffering of Prometheus the many horrors that can ensue when

the highest degree of indignation is achieved and, in the name of

justice, retribution is exacted and a cycle of retaliation begins.

And it was lucky that he knew all this, because it took no less

than this, no less than the prophylaxis of the whole of Attic tragedy

and Greek epic poetry, to restrain him from phoning on the spot to

remind Markie what a little prick he was and always had been.

The head-on confrontation with Farley came some four hours later.

As I reconstruct it, Coleman, so as to be certain that no one was

spying on the house, was himself in and out the front door and the

back door and the kitchen door some six or seven times in the

hours after Faunia's arrival. It wasn't until somewhere around ten,

when the two of them were standing together inside the kitchen

screen door, holding each other before parting for the night, that he

was able to rise above all the corroding indignation and to allow the

THE HUMAN STAIN

really serious thing in his life—the intoxication with the last fling,

what Mann, writing of Aschenbach, called the "late adventure of

the feelings"—to reassert itself and take charge of him. As she was

about to leave, he at last found himself craving for her as though

nothing else mattered—and none of it did, not his daughter, not

his sons, not Faunia's ex-husband or Delphine Roux. This is not

merely life, he thought, this is the end of life. What was unendurable

wasn't all this ridiculous antipathy he and Faunia had aroused;

what was unendurable was that he was down to the last bucket of

days, to the bottom of the bucket, the time if there ever was a time

to quit the quarrel, to give up the rebuttal, to undo himself from the

conscientiousness with which he had raised the four lively children,

persisted in the combative marriage, influenced the recalcitrant

colleagues, and guided Athena's mediocre students, as best he

could, through a literature some twenty-five hundred years old. It

was the time to yield, to let this simple craving be his guide. Beyond

their accusation. Beyond their indictment. Beyond their judgment.

Learn, he told himself, before you die, to live beyond the jurisdiction

of their enraging, loathsome, stupid blame.

The encounter with Farley. The encounter that night with Farley,

the confrontation with a dairy farmer who had not meant to fail

but did, a road crew employee who gave his all to the town no matter

how lowly and degrading the task assigned him, a loyal American

who'd served his country with not one tour but two, who'd

gone back a second time to finish the goddamn job. Re-upped and

went back because when he comes home the first time everybody

says that he isn't the same person and that they don't recognize

him, and he sees that it's true: they're all afraid of him. He comes

home to them from jungle warfare and not only is he not appreciated

but he is feared, so he might as well go back. He wasn't expecting

the hero treatment, but everybody looking at him like that? So

he goes back for the second tour, and this time he is geared up.

Pissed off. Pumped up. A very aggressive warrior. The first time he

wasn't all that gung ho. The first time he was easygoing Les, who

EVERYONE KNOWS

didn't know what it meant to feel hopeless. The first time he was

the boy from the Berkshires who put a lot of trust in people and

had no idea how cheap life could be, didn't know what medication

was, didn't feel inferior to anyone, happy-go-lucky Les, no threat to

society, tons of friends, fast cars, all that stuff. The first time he'd cut

off ears because he was there and it was being done, but that was it.

He wasn't one of those who once they were in all that lawlessness

couldn't wait to get going, the ones who weren't too well put together

or were pretty aggressive to start off with and only needed

the slightest opportunity to go ape-shit. One guy in his unit, guy

they called Big Man, he wasn't there one or two days when he'd

slashed some pregnant woman's belly open. Farley was himself only

beginning to get good at it at the end of his first tour. But the second

time, in this unit where there are a lot of other guys who'd also

come back and who hadn't come back just to kill time or to make a

couple extra bucks, this second time, in with these guys who are always

looking to be put out in front, ape-shit guys who recognize

the horror but know it is the very best moment of their lives, he is

ape-shit too. In a firefight, running from danger, blasting with guns,

you can't not be frightened, but you can go berserk and get the

rush, and so the second time he goes berserk. The second time he

fucking wreaks havoc. Living right out there on the edge, full throttle,

the excitement and the fear, and there's nothing in civilian life

that can match it. Door gunning. They're losing helicopters and

they need door gunners. They ask at some point for door gunners

and he jumps at it, he volunteers. Up there above the action, and

everything looks small from above, and he just guns down huge.

Whatever moves. Death and destruction, that is what door gunning

is all about. With the added attraction that you don't have to be

down in the jungle the whole time. But then he comes home and

it's not better than the first time, it's worse. Not like the guys in

World War II: they had the ship, they got to relax, someone took

care of them, asked them how they were. There's no transition. One

day he's door gunning in Vietnam, seeing choppers explode, in

midair seeing his buddies explode, down so low he smells skin

THE HUMAN STAIN

cooking, hears the cries, sees whole villages going up in flames, and

the next day he's back in the Berkshires. And now he really doesn't

belong, and, besides, he's got fears now about things going over his

head. He doesn't want to be around other people, he can't laugh or

joke, he feels that he is no longer a part of their world, that he has

seen and done things so outside what these people know about that

he cannot connect to them and they cannot connect to him. They

told him he could go home? How could he go home? He doesn't

have a helicopter at home. He stays by himself and he drinks, and

when he tries the VA they tell him he is just there to get the money

while he knows he is there to get the help. Early on, he tried to get

government help and all they gave him was some sleeping pills, so

fuck the government. Treated him like garbage. You're young, they

told him, you'll get over it. So he tries to get over it. Can't deal with

the government, so he'll have to do it on his own. Only it isn't easy

after two tours to come back and get settled all on his own. He's

not calm. He's agitated. He's restless. He's drinking. It doesn't take

much to put him into a rage. There are these things going over his

head. Still he tries: eventually gets the wife, the home, the kids, the

farm. He wants to be alone, but she wants to settle down and farm

with him, so he tries to want to settle down too. Stuff he remembers

easygoing Les wanting ten, fifteen years back, before Vietnam, he

tries to want again. The trouble is, he can't really feel for these folks.

He's sitting in the kitchen and he's eating with them and there's

nothing. No way he can go from that to this. Yet still he tries. A couple

times in the middle of the night he wakes up choking her, but it

isn't his fault—it's the government's fault. The government did that

to him. He thought she was the fucking enemy. What did she think

he was going to do? She knew he was going to come out of it. He

never hurt her and he never hurt the kids. That was all lies. She

never cared about anything except herself. He should have known

never to let her go off with those kids. She waited until he was in

rehab—that was why she wanted to get him into rehab. She said she

wanted him to be better so that they could be together again, and

instead she used the whole thing against him to get the kids away

EVERYONE KNOWS

from him. The bitch. The cunt. She tricked him. He should have

known never to let her go off with those kids. It was partly his own

fault because he was so drunk and they could get him to rehab by

force, but it would have been better if he'd taken them all out when

he said he would. Should have killed her, should have killed the

kids, and would have if it hadn't been for rehab. And she knew it,

knew he'd have killed them like that if she'd ever tried to take them

away. He was the father—if anybody was going to raise his kids it

was him. If he couldn't take care of them, the kids would be better

off dead. She'd had no right to steal his kids. Steals them, then she

kills them. The payback for what he did in Vietnam. They all said

that at rehab—payback this and payback that, but because everyone

said it, didn't make it not so. It was payback, all payback, the

death of the kids was payback and the carpenter she was fucking

was payback. He didn't know why he hadn't killed him. At first he

just smelled the smoke. He was in the bushes down the road watching

the two of them in the carpenter's pickup. They were parked

in her driveway. She comes downstairs—the apartment she's renting

is over a garage back of some bungalow—and she gets in the

pickup and there's no light and there's no moon but he knows

what's going on. Then he smelled the smoke. The only way he'd

survived in Vietnam was that any change, a noise, the smell of an

animal, any movement at all in the jungle, and he could detect it

before anyone else—alert in the jungle like he was born there.

Couldn't see the smoke, couldn't see the flames, couldn't see anything

it was so dark, but all of a sudden he could smell the smoke

and these things are flying over his head and he began running.

They see him coming and they think he is going to steal the kids.

They don't know the building is on fire. They think he's gone nuts.

But he can smell the smoke and he knows it's coming from the second

story and he knows the kids are in there. He knows his wife,

stupid bitch cunt, isn't going to do anything because she's in the

truck blowing the carpenter. He runs right by them. He doesn't

know where he is now, forgets where he is, all he knows is that he's

got to get in there and up the stairs, and so he bashes in the side

THE HUMAN STAIN

door and he's running up to where the fire is, and that's when he

sees the kids on the stairs, huddled there at the top of the stairs, and

they're gasping, and that's when he picks them up. They're crumpled

together on the stairs and he picks them up and tears out the

door. They're alive, he's sure. He doesn't think there's a chance that

they're not alive. He just thinks they're scared. Then he looks up

and who does he see outside the door, standing there looking, but

the carpenter. That's when he lost it. Didn't know what he was doing.

That's when he went straight for his throat. Started choking

him, and that bitch, instead of going to the kids, worries about him

choking the fucking boyfriend. Fucking bitch worries about him

killing her boyfriend instead of about her own goddamn kids. And

they would have made it. That's why they died. Because she didn't

give two shits about the kids. She never did. They weren't dead

when he picked them up. They were warm. He knows what dead is.

Two tours in Vietnam you're not going to tell him what dead is. He

can smell death when he needs to. He can taste death. He knows

what death is. They—were—not—dead. It was the boyfriend who

was going to be fucking dead, until the police, in cahoots with the

government, came with their guns, and that's when they put him

away. The bitch kills the kids, it's her neglect, and they put him

away. Jesus Christ, let me be right for a minute! The bitch wasn't

paying attention! She never does. Like when he had the hunch they

were headed for an ambush. Couldn't say why but he knew they

were being set up, and nobody believed him, and he was right.

Some new dumb officer comes into the company, won't listen to

him, and that's how people get killed. That's how people get burned

to hell! That's how assholes cause the death of your two best buddies!

They don't listen to him! They don't give him credit! He came

back alive, didn't he? He came back with all his limbs, he came back

with his dick—you know what that took? But she won't listen!

Never! She turned her back on him and she turned her back on his

kids. He's just a crazy Vietnam vet. But he knows things, goddamnit.

And she knows nothing. But do they put away the stupid bitch?

They put him away. They shoot him up with stuff. Again they put

EVERYONE KNOWS

him in restraints, and they won't let him out of the Northampton

VA. And all he did was what they had trained him to do: you see the

enemy, you kill the enemy. They train you for a year, then they try

to kill you for a year, and when you're just doing what they trained

you to do, that is when they fucking put the leather restraints on

you and shoot you full of shit. He did what they were training him

to do, and while he was doing that, his fucking wife is turning her

back on his kids. He should have killed them all when he could.

Him especially. The boyfriend. He should have cut their fucking

heads off. He doesn't know why he didn't. Better not come fucking

near him. If he knows where the fucking boyfriend is, he'll kill him

so fast he won't know what hit him, and they won't know he did it

because he knows how to do it so no one can hear it. Because that's

what the government trained him to do. He is a trained killer

thanks to the government of the United States. He did his job. He

did what he was told to do. And this is how he fucking gets treated?

They get him down in the lockup ward, they put him in the bubble,

they send him to the fucking bubble! And they won't even cut him a

check. For all this he gets fucking twenty percent. Twenty percent.

He put his whole family through hell for twenty percent. And even

for that he has to grovel. "So, tell me what happened," they say, the

little social workers, the little psychologists with their college degrees.

"Did you kill anyone when you were in Vietnam?" Was there

anyone he didn't kill when he was in Vietnam? Wasn't that what he

was supposed to do when they sent him to Vietnam? Fucking kill

gooks. They said everything goes? So everything went. It all relates

to the word "kill." Kill gooks! If "Did you kill anyone?" isn't bad

enough, they give him a fucking gook psychiatrist, this like Chink

shit. He serves his country and he can't even get a doctor who

fucking speaks English. All round Northampton they've got Chinese

restaurants, they've got Vietnamese restaurants, Korean markets

—but him? If you're some Vietnamese, you're some Chink, you

make out, you get a restaurant, you get a market, you get a grocery

store, you get a family, you get a good education. But they got fuckall

for him. Because they want him dead. They wish he never came

THE HUMAN STAIN

back. He is their worst nightmare. He was not supposed to come

back. And now this college professor. Know where he was when the

government sent us in there with one arm tied behind our backs?

He was out there leading the fucking protesters. They pay them,

when they go to college, to teach, to teach the kids, not to fucking

protest the Vietnam War. They didn't give us a fucking chance.

They say we lost the war. We didn't lose the war, the government

lost the war. But when fancy-pants professors felt like it, instead of

teaching class some day they go picketing out there against the war,

and that is the thanks he gets for serving his country. That is the

thanks for the shit he had to put up with day in and day out. He

can't get a goddamn night's sleep. He hasn't had a good night's

sleep in fucking twenty-six years. And for that, for that his wife goes

down on some two-bit kike professor? There weren't too many

kikes in Vietnam, not that he can remember. They were too busy

getting their degrees. Jew bastard. There's something wrong with

those Jew bastards. They don't look right. She goes down on him?

Jesus Christ. Vomit, man. What was it all for? She doesn't know

what it's like. Never had a hard day in her life. He never hurt her

and he never hurt the kids. "Oh, my stepfather was mean to me."

Stepfather used to finger her. Should have fucked her, that would

have straightened her out a little. The kids would be alive today. His

fucking kids would be alive today! He'd be like all the rest of those

guys out there, with their families and their nice cars. Instead of

locked up in a fucking VA facility. That was the thanks he got:

Thorazine. His thanks was the Thorazine shuffle. Just because he

thought he was back in the Nam.

This was the Lester Farley who came roaring out of the bushes. This

was the man who came upon Coleman and Faunia as they stood

just inside the kitchen doorway, who came roaring at them out of

the darkness of the bushes at the side of the house. And all of that

was just a little of what was inside his head, night after night, all

through the spring and now into early summer, hiding for hours on

end, cramped, still, living through so much emotion, and waiting

EVERYONE KNOWS

there in hiding to see her doing it. Doing what she was doing when

her own two kids were suffocating to death in the smoke. This time

it wasn't even with a guy her age. Not even Farley's age. This time it

wasn't with her boss, the great All-American Hollenbeck. Hollenbeck

could give her something in return at least. You could almost

respect her for Hollenbeck. But now the woman was so far gone she

would do it for nothing with anybody. Now it was with a grayhaired

skin-and-bones old man, with a high-and-mighty Jew professor,

his yellow Jew face contorted with pleasure and his trembling

old hands gripping her head. Who else has a wife sucks off an

old Jew? Who else! This time the wanton, murdering, moaning

bitch was pumping into her whoring mouth the watery come of a

disgusting old Jew, and Rawley and Les Junior were still dead.

Payback. There was no end to it.

It felt like flying, it felt like Nam, it felt like the moment in which

you go wild. Crazier, suddenly, because she is sucking off that Jew

than because she killed the kids, Farley is flying upward, screaming,

and the Jew professor is screaming back, the Jew professor is raising

a tire iron, and it is only because Farley is unarmed—because that

night he'd come there right from fire department drill and without

a single one of the guns from his basement full of guns—that he

doesn't blow them away. How it happened that he didn't reach for

the tire iron and take it from him and end everything that way, he

would never know. Beautiful what he could have achieved with that

tire iron. "Put it down! I'll open your fuckin' head with it! Fuckin'

put it down!" And the Jew put it down. Luckily for the Jew, he put it

down.

After he made it home that night (never know how he did that

either) and right through to the early hours of the morning—when

it took five men from the fire department, five buddies of his, to

hold him down and get him into restraints and drive him over to

Northampton—Lester saw it all, everything, all at once, right there

in his own house enduring the heat, enduring the rain, the mud, giant

ants, killer bees on his own linoleum floor just beside the

THE HUMAN STAIN

kitchen table, being sick with diarrhea, headaches, sick from no

food and no water, short of ammo, certain this is his last night,

waiting for it to happen, Foster stepping on the booby trap, Quillen

drowning, himself almost drowning, freaking out, throwing grenades

in every direction and shouting "I don't want to die," the

warplanes all mixed up and shooting at them, Drago losing a leg, an

arm, his nose, Conrity's burned body sticking to his hands, unable

to get a chopper to land, the chopper saying they cannot land because

we are under attack and him so fucking angry knowing that

he is going to die that he is trying to shoot it down, shoot down our

own chopper—the most inhuman night he ever witnessed and it is

right there now in his own scumbag house, and the longest night

too, his longest night on earth and petrified with every move he

makes, guys hollering and shitting and crying, himself unprepared

to hear so much crying, guys hit in the face and dying, taking their

last breath and dying, Conrity's body all over his hands, Drago

bleeding all over the place, Lester trying to shake somebody dead

awake and hollering, screaming without stopping, "I don't want to

die." No time out from death. No break time from death. No running

from death. No letup from death. Battling death right through

till morning and everything intense. The fear intense, the anger intense,

no helicopter willing to land and the terrible smell of Drago's

blood there in his own fucking house. He did not know how bad

it could smell. EVERYTHING SO INTENSE AND EVERYBODY

FAR FROM HOME AND ANGRY ANGRY ANGRY ANGRY

RAGE!

Nearly all the way to Northampton—till they couldn't stand it

anymore and gagged him—Farley is digging in late at night and

waking up in the morning to find that he's slept in someone's grave

with the maggots. "Please!" he cried. "No more of this! No more!"

And so they had no choice but to shut him up.

At the VA hospital, a place to which he could be brought only by

force and from which he'd been running for years—fleeing his

whole life from the hospital of a government he could not deal

with—they put him on the lockup ward, tied him to the bed,

EVERYONE KNOWS

rehydrated him, stabilized him, detoxified him, got him off the alcohol,

treated him for liver damage, and then, during the six weeks

that followed, every morning in his group therapy session he recounted

how Rawley and Les Junior had died. He told them all

what happened, told them every day what had failed to happen

when he saw the suffocated faces of his two little kids and knew for

sure that they were dead.

"Numb," he said. "Fuckin' numb. No emotions. Numb to the

death of my own kids. My son's eyes are rolled in back of his head

and he has no pulse. He has no heartbeat. My son isn't fucking

breathing. My son. Little Les. The only son I will ever have. But I did

not feel anything. I was acting as if he was a stranger. Same with

Rawley. She was a stranger. My little girl. That fucking Vietnam,

you caused this! After all these years the war is over, and you caused

this! All my feelings are all fucked up. I feel like I've been hit on the

side of the head with a two-by-four when nothing is happening.

Then something is happening, something fucking huge, I don't feel

a fucking thing. Numbed out. My kids are dead, but my body is

numb and my mind is blank. Vietnam. That's why! I never did cry

for my kids. He was five and she was eight. I said to myself, 'Why

can't I feel?' I said, 'Why didn't I save them? Why couldn't I save

them?' Payback. Payback! I kept thinking about Vietnam. About all

the times I think I died. That's how I began to know that I can't die.

Because I died already. Because I died already in Vietnam. Because I

am a man who fucking died"

The group consisted of Vietnam vets like Farley except for two

from the Gulf War, crybabies who got a little sand in their eyes in

a four-day ground war. A hundred-hour war. A bunch of waiting in

the desert. The Vietnam vets were men who, in their postwar lives,

had themselves been through the worst—divorce, booze, drugs,

crime, the police, jail, the devastating lowness of depression, uncontrollable

crying, wanting to scream, wanting to smash something,

the hands trembling and the body twitching and the tightness

in the face and the sweats from head to toe from reliving the

metal flying and the brilliant explosions and the severed limbs,

THE HUMAN STAIN

from reliving the killing of the prisoners and the families and the

old ladies and the kids—and so, though they nodded their heads

about Rawley and Little Les and understood how he couldn't feel

for them when he saw them with their eyes rolled back because he

himself was dead, they nonetheless agreed, these really ill guys (in

that rare moment when any of them could manage to talk about

anybody other than themselves wandering around the streets ready

to snap and yelling "Why?" at the sky, about anybody else not getting

the respect they should receive, about anybody else not being

happy until they were dead and buried and forgotten), that Farley

had better put it behind him and get on with his life.

Get on with his life. He knows it's shit, but it's all he has. Get on

with it. Okay.

He was let out of the hospital late in August determined to do

that. And with the help of a support group that he joined, and one

guy in particular who walked with a cane and whose name was

Louie Borrero, he succeeded at least halfway; it was tough, but with

Louie's help he was doing it more or less, was on the wagon for

nearly three whole months, right up until November. But then—

and not because of something somebody said to him or because of

something he saw on TV or because of the approach of another

familyless Thanksgiving, but because there was no alternative for

Farley, no way to prevent the past from building back up, building

up and calling him to action and demanding from him an enormous

response—instead of it all being behind him, it was in front

of him.

Once again, it was his life

2

Slipping the Punch

WHEN COLEMAN went down to Athena the next day to ask

what could be done to ensure against Farley's ever again trespassing

on his property, the lawyer, Nelson Primus, told him what he did

not want to hear: that he should consider ending his love affair.

He'd first consulted Primus at the outset of the spooks incident

and, because of the sound advice Primus had given—and because

of a strain of cocky bluntness in the young attorney's manner reminiscent

of himself at Primus's age, because of a repugnance in Primus

for sentimental nonessentials that he made no effort to disguise

behind the regular-guy easygoingness prevailing among the

other lawyers in town—it was Primus to whom he'd brought the

Delphine Roux letter.

Primus was in his early thirties, the husband of a young Ph.D.—

a philosophy professor whom Coleman had hired some four years

earlier—and the father of two small children. In a New England

college town like Athena, where most all the professionals were

outfitted for work by L. L. Bean, this sleekly good-looking, ravenhaired

young man, tall, trim, athletically flexible, appeared at his

office every morning in crisply tailored suits, gleaming black shoes,

and starched white shirts discreetly monogrammed, attire that bespoke

not only a sweeping self-confidence and sense of personal

significance but a loathing for slovenliness of any kind—and that

THE HUMAN STAIN

suggested as well that Nelson Primus was hungry for something

more than an office above the Talbots shop across from the green.

His wife was teaching here, so for now he was here. But not for

long. A young panther in cufflinks and a pinstriped suit—a panther

ready to pounce.

"I don't doubt that Farley's psychopathic," Primus told him,

measuring each word with staccato exactitude and keeping a sharp

watch on Coleman as he spoke. "I'd worry if he were stalking me.

But did he stalk you before you took up with his ex-wife? He didn't

know who you were. The Delphine Roux letter is something else

entirely. You wanted me to write to her—against my better judgment

I did that for you. You wanted an expert to analyze the handwriting

—against my better judgment I got you somebody to analyze

the handwriting. You wanted me to send the handwriting

analysis to her lawyer—against my better judgment I sent him the

results. Even though I wished you'd had it in you to treat a minor

nuisance for what it was, I did whatever you instructed me to do.

But Lester Farley is no minor nuisance. Delphine Roux can't hold a

candle to Farley, not as a psychopath and not as an adversary.

Farley's is the world that Faunia only barely managed to survive

and that she can't help but bring with her when she comes through

your door. Lester Farley works on the road crew, right? We get a restraining

order on Farley and your secret is all over your quiet little

backwoods town. Soon it's all over this town, it's all over the college,

and what you started out with is going to bear no resemblance to

the malevolent puritanism with which you will be tarred and feathered.

I remember the precision with which the local comic weekly

failed to understand the ridiculous charge against you and the

meaning of your resignation. 'Ex-Dean Leaves College under Racist

Cloud.' I remember the caption below your photograph. 'A denigrating

epithet used in class forces Professor Silk into retirement.' I

remember what it was like for you then, I think I know what it's like

now, and I believe I know what it will be like in the future, when the

whole county is privy to the sexcapades of the guy who left the college

under the racist cloud. I don't mean to imply that what goes on

SLIPPING THE PUNCH

behind your bedroom door is anybody's business but yours. I know

it should not be like this. It's 1998. It's years now since Janis Joplin

and Norman O. Brown changed everything for the better. But we've

got people here in the Berkshires, hicks and college professors alike,

who just won't bring their values into line and politely give way to

the sexual revolution. Narrow-minded churchgoers, sticklers for

propriety, all sorts of retrograde folks eager to expose and punish

guys like you. They can heat things up for you, Coleman—and not

the way your Viagra does."

Clever boy to come up with the Viagra all on his own. Showing

off, but he's helped before, thought Coleman, so don't interrupt,

don't put him down, however irritating his being so with-it is.

There are no compassionate chinks in his armor? Fine with me. You

asked his advice, so hear him out. You don't want to make a mistake

for lack of being warned.

"Sure I can get you a restraining order," Primus told him. "But is

that going to restrain him? A restraining order is going to inflame

him. I got you a handwriting expert, I can get you your restraining

order, I can get you a bulletproof vest. But what I can't provide

is what you're never going to know as long as you're involved

with this woman: a scandal-free, censure-free, Farley-free life. The

peace of mind that comes of not being stalked. Or caricatured. Or

snubbed. Or misjudged. Is she HIV negative, by the way? Did you

have her tested, Coleman? Do you use a condom, Coleman?"

Hip as he imagines himself, he really can't get this old man and

sex, can he? Seems utterly anomalous to him. But who can grasp at

thirty-two that at seventy-one it's exactly the same? He thinks, How

and why does he do this? My old-fart virility and the trouble it

causes. At thirty-two, thought Coleman, I couldn't have understood

it either. Otherwise, however, he speaks with the authority of

someone ten or twenty years his senior about the way the world

works. And how much experience can he have had, how much exposure

to life's difficulties, to speak in such a patronizing manner to

a man more than twice his age? Very, very little, if not none.

"Coleman, if you don't," Primus was saying, "does she use some-

THE HUMAN STAIN

thing? And if she says she does, can you be sure it's so? Even downand-

out cleaning women have been known to shade the truth from

time to time, and sometimes even to seek remedy for all the shit

they've taken. What happens when Faunia Farley gets pregnant?

She may think the way a lot of women have been thinking ever

since the act of begetting a bastard was destigmatized by Jim Morrison

and The Doors. Faunia might very well want to go ahead

and become the mother of a distinguished retired professor's child

despite all your patient reasoning to the contrary. Becoming the

mother of a distinguished professor's child might be an uplifting

change after having been the mother of the children of a deranged

total failure. And, once she's pregnant, if she decides that

she doesn't want to be a menial anymore, that she wishes never

again to work at anything, an enlightened court will not hesitate to

direct you to support the child and the single mother. Now, I can

represent you in the paternity suit, and if and when I have to, I will

fight to keep your liability down to half your pension. I will do everything

in my power to see that something is left in your bank account

as you advance into your eighties. Coleman, listen to me: this

is a bad deal. In every possible way, it is a bad deal. If you go to your

hedonist counselor, he's going to tell you something else, but I am

your counselor at law, and I'm going to tell you that it's a terrible

deal. If I were you, I would not put myself in the path of Lester

Farley's wild grievance. If I were you, I would rip up the Faunia

contract and get out."

Everything he had to say having been said, Primus got up from

behind his desk, a large, well-polished desk conscientiously kept

cleared of all papers and files, pointedly bare of everything but the

framed photographs of his young professor wife and their two children,

a desk whose surface epitomized the unsullied clean slate and

could only lead Coleman to conclude that there was nothing disorganized

standing in the way of this voluble young man, neither

weaknesses of character nor extreme views nor rash compulsions

nor even the possibility of inadvertent error, nothing ill or well concealed

that would ever crop up to prevent him from attaining every

SLIPPING THE PUNCH

professional reward and bourgeois success. There'll be no spooks

in Nelson Primus's life, no Faunia Farleys or Lester Farleys, no

Markies to despise him or Lisas to desert him. Primus has drawn

the line and no incriminating impurity will be permitted to breach

it. But didn't I too draw the line and draw it no less rigorously? Was

I less vigilant in the pursuit of legitimate goals and of an estimable,

even-keeled life? Was I any less confident marching in step behind

my own impregnable scruples? Was I any less arrogant? Isn't this

the very way I took on the old guard in my first hundred days as

Roberts's strongman? Isn't this how I drove them crazy and pushed

them out? Was I any less ruthlessly sure of myself? Yet that one

word did it. By no means the English language's most inflammatory,

most heinous, most horrifying word, and yet word enough

to lay bare, for all to see, to judge, to find wanting the truth of who

and what I am.

The lawyer who'd not minced a single word—who'd laced virtually

every one of them with a cautionary sarcasm that amounted

to outright admonishment, whose purpose he would not disguise

from his distinguished elderly client with a single circumlocution

—came around from behind his desk to escort Coleman out of the

office and then, at the doorway, went so far as to accompany him

down the stairway and out onto the sunny street. It was largely on

behalf of Beth, his wife, that Primus had wanted to be sure to say

everything he could to Coleman as tellingly as he could, to say what

had to be said no matter how seemingly unkind, in the hope of preventing

this once considerable college personage from disgracing

himself any further. That spooks incident—coinciding as it did

with the sudden death of his wife—had so seriously unhinged

Dean Silk that not only had he taken the rash step of resigning (and

just when the case against him had all but run its spurious course),

but now, two full years later, he remained unable to gauge what was

and wasn't in his long-term interest. To Primus, it seemed almost as

though Coleman Silk had not been unfairly diminished enough, as

though, with a doomed man's cunning obtuseness, like someone

who falls foul of a god, he was in crazy pursuit of a final, malicious,

THE HUMAN STAIN

degrading assault, an ultimate injustice that would validate his aggrievement

forever. A guy who'd once enjoyed a lot of power in his

small world seemed not merely unable to defend himself against

the encroachments of a Delphine Roux and a Lester Farley but,

what was equally compromising to his embattled self-image, unable

to shield himself against the pitiful sorts of temptations with

which the aging male will try to compensate for the loss of a spirited,

virile manhood. Primus could tell from Coleman's demeanor

that he'd guessed right about the Viagra. Another chemical menace,

the young man thought. The guy might as well be smoking crack,

for all the good that Viagra is doing him.

Out on the street, the two shook hands. "Coleman," said Primus,

whose wife, that very morning, when he'd said that he'd be seeing

Dean Silk, had expressed her chagrin about his leavetaking from

Athena, again speaking contemptuously of Delphine Roux, whom

she despised for her role in the spooks affair—"Coleman," Primus

said, "Faunia Farley is not from your world. You got a good look

last night at the world that's shaped her, that's quashed her, and

that, for reasons you know as well as I do, she'll never escape. Something

worse than last night can come of all this, something much

worse. You're no longer battling in a world where they are out to

destroy you and drive you from your job so as to replace you with

one of their own. You're no longer battling a well-mannered gang

of elitist egalitarians who hide their ambition behind high-minded

ideals. You're battling now in a world where nobody's ruthlessness

bothers to cloak itself in humanitarian rhetoric. These are people

whose fundamental feeling about life is that they have been fucked

over unfairly right down the line. What you suffered because of

how your case was handled by the college, awful as that was, is what

these people feel every minute of every hour of..."

That's enough was by now so clearly written in Coleman's gaze

that even Primus realized that it was time to shut up. Throughout

the meeting, Coleman had silently listened, suppressing his feelings,

trying to keep an open mind and to ignore the too apparent

delight Primus took in floridly lecturing on the virtues of prudence

SLIPPING THE PUNCH

a professional man nearly forty years his senior. In an attempt to

humor himself, Coleman had been thinking, Being angry with me

makes them all feel better—it liberates everyone to tell me I'm

wrong. But by the time they were out on the street, it was no longer

possible to isolate the argument from the utterance—or to separate

himself from the man in charge he'd always been, the man in

charge and the man deferred to. For Primus to speak directly to the

point to his client had not required quite this much satiric ornamentation.

If the purpose was to advise in a persuasive lawyerly

fashion, a very small amount of mockery would have more effectively

done the job. But Primus's sense of himself as brilliant

and destined for great things seemed to have got the best of him,

thought Coleman, and so the mockery of a ridiculous old fool

made potent by a pharmaceutical compound selling for ten dollars

a pill had known no bounds.

"You're a vocal master of extraordinary loquaciousness, Nelson.

So perspicacious. So fluent. A vocal master of the endless, ostentatiously

overelaborate sentence. And so rich with contempt for every

last human problem you've never had to face." The impulse was

overwhelming to grab the lawyer by the shirt front and slam the

insolent son of a bitch through Talbots's window. Instead, drawing

back, reining himself in, strategically speaking as softly as he

could—yet not nearly so mindfully as he might have—Coleman

said, "I never again want to hear that self-admiring voice of yours

or see your smug fucking lily-white face."

"'Lily-white'?" Primus said to his wife that evening. "Why 'lilywhite'?

One can never hold people to what they lash out with when

they think they've been made use of and deprived of their dignity.

But did I mean to seem to be attacking him? Of course not. It's

worse than that. Worse because this old guy has lost his bearings

and I wanted to help him. Worse because the man is on the brink of

carrying a mistake over into a catastrophe and I wanted to stop him.

What he took to be an attack on him was actually a wrong-headed

attempt to be taken seriously by him, to impress him. I failed, Beth,

THE HUMAN STAIN

completely mismanaged it. Maybe because I was intimidated. In

his slight, little-guy way, the man is a force. I never knew him as

the big dean. I've known him only as someone in trouble. But you

feel the presence. You see why people were intimidated by him.

Somebody's there when he's sitting there. Look, I don't know what

it is. It's not easy to know what to make of somebody you've seen

half a dozen times in your life. Maybe it's primarily something stupid

about me. But whatever caused it, I made every amateurish

mistake in the book. Psychopathology, Viagra, The Doors, Norman

O. Brown, contraception, AIDS. I knew everything about everything.

Particularly if it happened before I was born, I knew everything

that could possibly be known. I should have been concise,

matter-of-fact, unsubjective; instead I was provocative. I wanted to

help him and instead I insulted him and made things worse for

him. No, I don't fault him for unloading on me like that. But,

honey, the question remains: why white?"

Coleman hadn't been on the Athena campus for two years and by

now no longer went to town at all if he could help it. He didn't any

longer hate each and every member of the Athena faculty, he just

wanted nothing to do with them, fearful that should he stop to

chat, even idly, he'd be incapable of concealing his pain or concealing

himself concealing his pain—unable to prevent himself from

standing there seething or, worse, from coming apart and breaking

unstoppably into an overly articulate version of the wronged man's

blues. A few days after his resignation, he'd opened new accounts at

the bank and the supermarket up in Blackwell, a depressed mill

town on the river some eighteen miles from Athena, and even got a

card for the local library there, determined to use it, however meager

the collection, rather than to wander ever again through the

stacks at Athena. He joined the YMCA in Blackwell, and instead of

taking his swim at the Athena college pool at the end of the day or

exercising on a mat in the Athena gym as he'd done after work for

nearly thirty years, he did his laps a couple of times a week at the

less agreeable pool of the Blackwell Y—he even went upstairs to the

SLIPPING THE PUNCH

rundown gym and, for the first time since graduate school, began,

at a far slower pace than back in the forties, to work out with the

speed bag and to hit the heavy bag. To go north to Blackwell took

twice as long as driving down the mountain to Athena, but in

Blackwell he was unlikely to run into ex-colleagues, and when he

did, it was less self-consciously fraught with feeling for him to nod

unsmilingly and go on about his business than it would have been

on the pretty old streets of Athena, where there was not a street

sign, a bench, a tree, not a monument on the green, that didn't

somehow remind him of himself before he was the college racist

and everything was different. The string of shops across from the

green hadn't even been there until his tenure as dean had brought

all sorts of new people to Athena as staff and as students and as parents

of students, and so, over time, he'd wound up changing the

community no less than he had shaken up the college. The moribund

antique shop, the bad restaurant, the subsistence-level grocery

store, the provincial liquor store, the hick-town barbershop,

the nineteenth-century haberdasher, the understocked bookshop,

the genteel tearoom, the dark pharmacy, the depressing tavern, the

newspaperless newsdealer, the empty, enigmatic magic shop—all of

them had disappeared, to be replaced by establishments where you

could eat a decent meal and get a good cup of coffee and have a prescription

filled and buy a good bottle of wine and find a book about

something other than the Berkshires and also find something other

than long underwear to keep you warm in wintertime. The "revolution

of quality" that he had once been credited with imposing on

the Athena faculty and curriculum, he had, albeit inadvertently, bestowed

on Town Street as well. Which only added to the pain and

surprise of being the alien he was.

By now, two years down the line, he felt himself besieged not so

much by them—apart from Delphine Roux, who at Athena cared

any longer about Coleman Silk and the spooks incident?—as by

weariness with his own barely submerged, easily galvanized bitterness;

down in the streets of Athena, he now felt (to begin with) a

greater aversion to himself than to those who, out of indifference or

THE HUMAN STAIN

cowardice or ambition, had failed to mount the slightest protest in

his behalf. Educated people with Ph.D.s, people he had himself

hired because he believed that they were capable of thinking reasonably

and independently, had turned out to have no inclination

to weigh the preposterous evidence against him and reach an appropriate

conclusion. Racist: at Athena College, suddenly the most

emotionally charged epithet you could be stuck with, and to that

emotionalism (and to fear for their personnel files and future promotions)

his entire faculty had succumbed. "Racist" spoken with

the official-sounding resonance, and every last potential ally had

scurried for cover.

Walk up to the campus? It was summer. School was out. After

nearly four decades at Athena, after all that had been destroyed and

lost, after all that he had gone through to get there, why not? First

"spooks," now "lily-white"—who knows what repellent deficiency

will be revealed with the next faintly antiquated locution, the next

idiom almost charmingly out of time that comes flying from his

mouth? How one is revealed or undone by the perfect word. What

burns away the camouflage and the covering and the concealment?

This, the right word uttered spontaneously, without one's even having

to think.

"For the thousandth time: I said spooks because I meant spooks.

My father was a saloon keeper, but he insisted on precision in my

language, and I have kept the faith with him. Words have meanings

—with only a seventh-grade education, even my father knew

that much. Back of the bar, he kept two things to help settle arguments

among his patrons: a blackjack and a dictionary. My best

friend, he told me, the dictionary—and so it is for me today. Because

if we look in the dictionary, what do we find as the first

meaning of 'spook'? The primary meaning, 'i. Informal, a ghost;

specter.'" "But Dean Silk, that is not the way it was taken. Let me

read to you the second dictionary meaning. '2. Disparaging. A Negro.'

That's the way it was taken—and you can see the logic of that

as well: Does anybody know them, or are they blacks whom you

don't know?" "Sir, if my intention was to say, 'Does anybody know

SLIPPING THE PUNCH

them, or do you not know them because they are black?' that is

what I would have said. 'Does anybody know them, or do none

of you know them because these happen to be two black students?

Does anybody know them, or are they blacks whom nobody

knows?' If I had meant that, I would have said it just like that. But

how could I know they were black students if I had never laid eyes

on them and, other than their names, had no knowledge of them?

What I did know, indisputably, was that they were invisible students

—and the word for invisible, for a ghost, for a specter, is the

word that I used in its primary meaning: spook. Look at the adjective

'spooky,' which is the next dictionary entry after 'spook.'

Spooky. A word we all remember from childhood, and what does it

mean? According to the unabridged dictionary: 'Informal, 1. like or

befitting a spook or ghost; suggestive of spooks. 2. eerie; scary. 3.

(esp. of horses) nervous; skittish.' Especially of horses. Now, would

anyone care to suggest that my two students were being characterized

by me as horses as well? No? But why not? While you're at it,

why not that, too?"

One last look at Athena, and then let the disgrace be complete.

Silky. Silky Silk. The name by which he had not been known for

over fifty years, and yet he all but expected to hear someone shouting,

"Hey, Silky!" as though he were back in East Orange, walking

up Central Avenue after school—instead of crossing Athena's Town

Street and, for the first time since his resignation, starting up the

hill to the campus—walking up Central Avenue with his sister,

Ernestine, listening to that crazy story she had to tell about what

she'd overheard the evening before when Dr. Fensterman, the Jewish

doctor, the big surgeon from Mom's hospital down in Newark,

had come to call on their parents. While Coleman had been at the

gym working out with the track team, Ernestine was home in the

kitchen doing her homework and from there could hear Dr. Fensterman,

seated in the living room with Mom and Dad, explaining

why it was of the utmost importance to him and Mrs. Fensterman

that their son Bertram graduate as class valedictorian. As the Silks

THE HUMAN STAIN

knew, it was now Coleman who was first in their class, with Bert

second, though behind Coleman by a single grade. The one B that

Bert had received on his report card the previous term, a B in physics

that by all rights should have been an A—that B was all that was

separating the top two students in the senior class. Dr. Fensterman

explained to Mr. and Mrs. Silk that Bert wanted to follow his father

into medicine, but that to do so it was essential for him to have a

perfect record, and not merely perfect in college but extraordinary

going back to kindergarten. Perhaps the Silks were not aware of the

discriminatory quotas that were designed to keep Jews out of medical

school, especially the medical schools at Harvard and Yale,

where Dr. and Mrs. Fensterman were confident that, were Bert

given the opportunity, he could emerge as the brightest of the

brightest. Because of the tiny Jewish quotas in most medical

schools. Dr. Fensterman had had himself to go down to Alabama

for his schooling, and there he'd seen at first hand all that colored

people have to strive against. Dr. Fensterman knew that prejudice

in academic institutions against colored students was far worse

than it was against Jews. He knew the kind of obstacles that the

Silks themselves had had to overcome to achieve all that distinguished

them as a model Negro family. He knew the tribulations

that Mr. Silk had had to endure ever since the optical shop went

bankrupt in the Depression. He knew that Mr. Silk was, like himself,

a college graduate, and he knew that in working for the railroad

as a steward—"That's what he called a waiter, Coleman, a

'steward'"—he was employed at a level in no way commensurate

with his professional training. Mrs. Silk he of course knew from the

hospital. In Dr. Fensterman's estimation, there was no finer nurse

on the hospital staff, no nurse more intelligent, knowledgeable, reliable,

or capable than Mrs. Silk—and that included the nursing supervisor

herself. In his estimation, Gladys Silk should long ago have

been appointed the head nurse on the medical-surgical floor; one

of the promises that Dr. Fensterman wanted to make to the Silks

was that he was prepared to do everything he could with the chief

of staff to procure that very position for Mrs. Silk upon the retire-

SLIPPING THE PUNCH

ment of Mrs. Noonan, the current medical-surgical head nurse.

Moreover, he was prepared to assist the Silks with an interest-free,

nonreturnable "loan" of three thousand dollars, payable in a lump

sum when Coleman would be off to college and the family was sure

to be incurring additional expenses. And in exchange he asked not

so much as they might think. As salutatorian, Coleman would still

be the highest-ranking colored student in the 1944 graduating class,

not to mention the highest-ranking colored student ever to graduate

E. O. With his grade average, Coleman would more than likely

be the highest-ranking colored student in the county, even in the

state, and his having finished high school as salutatorian rather

than as valedictorian would make no difference whatsoever when

he enrolled at Howard University. The chances were negligible of

his suffering the slightest hardship with a ranking like that. Coleman

would lose nothing, while the Silks would have three thousand

dollars to put toward the children's college expenses; in addition,

with Dr. Fensterman's support and backing, Gladys Silk could very

well rise, in just a few years, to become the first colored head nurse

on any floor of any hospital in the city of Newark. And from

Coleman nothing more was required than his choosing his two

weakest subjects and, instead of getting A's on the final exams, getting

B's. It would then be up to Bert to get an A in all his subjects—

doing that would constitute holding up his end of the bargain. And

should Bert let everyone down by not working hard enough to get

all those A's, then the two boys would finish in a flat-footed tie—or

Coleman could even emerge as valedictorian, and Dr. Fensterman

would still make good on his promises. Needless to say, the arrangement

would be kept confidential by everyone involved.

So delighted was he by what he heard that Coleman broke loose

from Ernestine's grasp and burst away up the street, in exuberant

delight running up Central to Evergreen and then back, crying

aloud, "My two weakest subjects—which are those?" It was as

though in attributing to Coleman an academic weakness, Dr. Fensterman

had told the most hilarious joke. "What'd they say, Ern?

What did Dad say?" "I couldn't hear. He said it too low." "What did

THE HUMAN STAIN

Mom say?" "I don't know. I couldn't hear Mom either. But what

they were saying after the doctor left, I heard that." "Tell me!

What?" "Daddy said, 'I wanted to kill that man.'" "He did?" "Really.

Yes." "And Mom?" "'I just bit my tongue.' That's what Mom said—'I

just bit my tongue.'" "But you didn't hear what they said to him?'

"No." "Well, I'll tell you one thing—I'm not going to do it." "Of

course not," Ernestine said. "But suppose Dad told him I would?"

"Are you crazy, Coleman?" "Ernie, three thousand dollars is more

than Dad makes in a whole year. Ernie, three thousand dollars!"

And the thought of Dr. Fensterman handing over to his father a

big paper bag stuffed with all that money set him running again,

goofily taking the imaginary low hurdles (for successive years now,

he had been Essex County high school champ in low hurdles and

run second in the hundred-yard dash) up to Evergreen and back.

Another triumph—that's what he was thinking. Yet another record-

breaking triumph for the great, the incomparable, the one

and only Silky Silk! He was class valedictorian, all right, as well as

a track star, but as he was also only seventeen, Dr. Fensterman's

proposal meant no more to him than that he was of the greatest

importance to just about everyone. The larger picture he didn't

get yet.

In East Orange, where mostly everyone was white, either poor

Italian—and living up at the Orange edge of town or down by

Newark's First Ward—or Episcopalian and rich—and living in the

big houses out by Upsala or around South Harrison—there were

fewer Jews even than there were Negroes, and yet it was the Jews

and their kids who these days loomed larger than anyone in Coleman's

extracurricular life. First there was Doc Chizner, who had as

good as adopted him the year before, when Coleman joined his

evening boxing class, and now there was Dr. Fensterman offering

three thousand dollars for Coleman to place second academically

so as to enable Bert to come in first. Doc Chizner was a dentist who

loved boxing. Went to the fights whenever he had a chance—in Jersey

at Laurel Garden and at the Meadowbrook Bowl, to New York

to the Garden and out to St. Nick's. People would say, "You think

SLIPPING THE PUNCH

you know fights until you sit next to Doc. Sit next to Doc Chizner,

and you realize you're not watching the same fight." Doc officiated

at amateur fights all over Essex County, including the Golden

Gloves in Newark, and to his local classes in boxing Jewish parents

from all over the Oranges, from Maplewood, from Irvington—

from as far away as the Weequahic section over at Newark's southwest

corner—sent their sons to learn how to defend themselves.

Coleman had wound up in Doc Chizner's class not because he

didn't know how but because his own father had found out that

since his second year of high school, after track practice, all on his

own—and as often sometimes as three times a week—Coleman

had been sneaking down to the Newark Boys Club, below High

Street in the Newark slums to Morton Street, and secretly training

to be a fighter. Fourteen years old when he began, a hundred and

eleven pounds, and he would work out there for two hours, loosen

up, spar three rounds, hit the heavy bag, hit the speed bag, skip

rope, do his exercises, and then head home to do his homework. A

couple of times he even got to spar with Cooper Fulham, who the

year before had won the National Championships up in Boston.

Coleman's mother was working a shift and a half, even two shifts

running at the hospital, his father was waiting tables on the train

and hardly at home other than to sleep, his older brother, Walt, was

away first at college, then in the army, and so Coleman came and

went as he liked, swearing Ernestine to secrecy and making sure not

to let his grades slip, in study hall, at night in bed, on the buses back

and forth to Newark—two buses each way—plugging away even

harder than usual at his schoolwork to be sure nobody found out

about Morton Street.

If you wanted to box amateur, the Newark Boys Club was where

you went, and if you were good and you were between thirteen and

eighteen, you got matched up against guys from the Boys Club in

Paterson, in Jersey City, in Butler, from the Ironbound PAL, and so

on. There were loads of kids down at the Boys Club, some from

Rahway, from Linden, from Elizabeth, a couple from as far away as

Morristown, there was a deaf-mute they called Dummy who came

THE HUMAN STAIN

from Belleville, but mostly they were from Newark and all of them

were colored, though the two guys who ran the club were white.

One was a cop in West Side Park, Mac Machrone, and he had a pistol,

and he told Coleman that if he ever found out Coleman wasn't

doing his roadwork, he'd shoot him. Mac believed in speed, and

that's why he believed in Coleman. Speed and pacing and counterpunching.

Once he'd taught Coleman how to stand and how to

move and how to throw the punches, once Mac saw how quickly

the boy learned and how smart he was and how quick his reflexes

were, he began to teach him the finer things. How to move his head.

How to slip punches. How to block punches. How to counter. To

teach him the jab, Mac repeated, "It's like you flick a flea off your

nose. Just flick it off him." He taught Coleman how to win a fight by

using only his jab. Throw the jab, knock the punch down, counter.

A jab comes, you slip it, come over with the right counter. Or you

slip it inside, you come over with a hook. Or you just duck down,

hit him a right to the heart, a left hook to the stomach. Slight as he

was, Coleman would sometimes quickly grab the jab with both his

hands, pull the guy and then hook him to the stomach, come up,

hook him to the head. "Knock the punch down. Counterpunch.

You're a counterpuncher, Silky. That's what you are, that's all you

are." Then they went to Paterson. His first amateur tournament

fight. This kid would throw a jab and Coleman would lean back,

but his feet would be planted and he could come back and counter

the kid with a right, and he kept catching him like that for the

whole fight. The kid kept doing it, so Coleman kept doing it and

won all three rounds. At the Boys Club, that became Silky Silk's

style. When he threw punches, it was so nobody could say he was

standing there doing nothing. Mostly he would wait for the other

guy to throw, then he'd throw two, three back, and then he'd get out

and wait again. Coleman could hit his opponent more by waiting

for him to lead than by leading him. The result was that by the time

Coleman was sixteen, in Essex and Hudson counties alone, at amateur

shows at the armory, at the Knights of Pythias, at exhibitions

for the veterans at the veterans hospital, he must have beaten three

SLIPPING THE PUNCH

guys who were Golden Gloves champs. As he figured it, he could by

then have won 112,118,126 . . . except there was no way he could

fight in the Golden Gloves without its getting in the papers and his

family finding out. And then they found out anyway. He didn't

know how. He didn't have to. They found out because somebody

told them. Simple as that.

They were all sitting down to dinner on a Sunday, after church,

when his father said, "How did you do, Coleman?"

"How did I do at what?"

"Last night. At the Knights of Pythias. How did you do?"

"What's the Knights of Pythias?" Coleman asked.

"Do you think I was born yesterday, son? The Knights of Pythias

is where they had the tournament last night. How many fights on

the card?"

"Fifteen."

"And how did you do?"

"I won."

"How many fights have you won so far? In tournaments. In exhibitions.

How many since you began?"

"Eleven."

"And how many have you lost?"

"So far, none."

"And how much did you get for the watch?"

"What watch?"

"The watch you won at the Lyons Veterans Hospital. The watch

the vets gave you for winning the fight. The watch you hocked

on Mulberry Street. Down in Newark, Coleman—the watch you

hocked in Newark last week."

The man knew everything.

"What do you think I got?" Coleman dared to reply, though not

looking up as he spoke—instead looking at the embroidered design

on the good Sunday tablecloth.

"You got two dollars, Coleman. When are you planning on turning

pro?"

"I don't do it for money," he said, still with his eyes averted. "I

THE HUMAN STAIN

don't care about money. I do it for enjoyment. It's not a sport you

take up if you don't enjoy it."

"You know, if I were your father, Coleman, you know what I'd

tell you now?"

"You are my father," Coleman said.

"Oh, am I?" his father said.

"Well, sure..."

"Well—I'm not sure at all. I was thinking that maybe Mac

Machrone, at the Newark Boys Club, was your father."

"Come on, Dad. Mac's my trainer."

"I see. So who then is your father, if I may ask?"

"You know. You are. You are, Dad."

"I am? Yes?"

"No!" Coleman shouted. "No, you're not!" And here, at the very

start of Sunday dinner, he ran out of the house and for nearly an

hour he did his roadwork, up Central Avenue and over the Orange

line, and then through Orange all the way to the West Orange line,

and then crossing over on Watchung Avenue to Rosedale Cemetery,

and then turning south down Washington to Main, running and

throwing punches, sprinting, then just running, then just sprinting,

then shadowboxing all the way back to Brick Church Station, and

finally sprinting the stretch, sprinting to the house, going back inside

to where the family was eating their dessert and where he knew

to sit back down at his place, far calmer than when he had bolted,

and to wait for his father to resume where he had left off. The father

who never lost his temper. The father who had another way of beating

you down. With words. With speech. With what he called "the

language of Chaucer, Shakespeare, and Dickens." With the English

language that no one could ever take away from you and that Mr.

Silk richly sounded, always with great fullness and clarity and bravado,

as though even in ordinary conversation he were reciting

Marc Antony's speech over the body of Caesar. Each of his three

children had been given a middle name drawn from Mr. Silk's bestmemorized

play, in his view English literature's high point and

the most educational study of treason ever written: the eldest Silk

SLIPPING THE PUNCH

son was Walter Antony, the second son, Coleman Brutus; Ernestine

Calpurnia, their younger sister, took her middle name from

Caesar's loyal wife.

Mr. Silk's life in business for himself had come to a bitter end

with the closing of the banks. It had taken him quite a time to get

over losing the optician's store up in Orange, if he ever did. Poor

Daddy, Mother would say, he always wanted to work for himself.

He'd attended college in the South, in Georgia where he came

from—Mother was from New Jersey—and took farming and animal

husbandry. But then he quit and up north, in Trenton, he went

to optician's school. Then he was drafted into the army for World

War I, then he met Mother, moved with her to East Orange, opened

the store, bought the house, then there was the crash, and now he

was a waiter on a dining car. But if he couldn't in the dining car, at

least at home he was able to speak with all his deliberateness and

precision and directness and could wither you with words. He was

very fussy about his children's speaking properly. Growing up, they

never said, "See the bow-wow." They didn't even say, "See the doggie."

They said, "See the Doberman. See the beagle. See the terrier."

They learned things had classifications. They learned the power of

naming precisely. He was teaching them English all the time. Even

the kids who came into the house, his children's friends, had their

English corrected by Mr. Silk.

When he was an optician and wore a white medical smock over a

ministerial dark suit and was working more or less regular hours,

he would sit after dessert and read the newspaper at the dinner table.

They all would read from it. Each one of the children, even the

baby, even Ernestine, would have to take a turn at the Newark Evening

News, and not with the funnies. His mother, Coleman's grandmother,

had been taught to read by her mistress and after Emancipation

had gone to what was then called Georgia State Normal

and Industrial School for Colored. His father, Coleman's paternal

grandfather, had been a Methodist minister. In the Silk family they

had read all the old classics. In the Silk family the children were not

taken to prizefights, they were taken to the Metropolitan Museum

THE HUMAN STAIN

of Art in New York to see the armor. They were taken to the Hayden

Planetarium to learn about the solar system. Regularly they were

taken to the Museum of Natural History. And then in 1937, on the

Fourth of July, despite the cost, they were all taken by Mr. Silk to the

Music Box Theatre on Broadway to see George M. Cohan in I'd

Rather Be Right. Coleman still remembered what his father told his

brother, Uncle Bobby, on the phone the next day. "When the curtain

came down on George M. Cohan after all his curtain calls, do

you know what the man did? He came out for an hour and sang all

his songs. Every one of them. What better introduction could a

child have to the theater?"

"If I were your father," Coleman's father resumed, while the boy

sat solemnly before his empty plate, "you know what I would tell

you now?"

"What?" said Coleman, speaking softly, and not because he was

winded from all the roadwork but because he was chastened by

having told his own father, who was no longer an optician but a

dining car waiter and who would remain a dining car waiter till he

died, that he was not his father.

"I would say, 'You won last night? Good. Now you can retire undefeated.

You're retired.' That's what I'd say, Coleman."

It was much easier when Coleman spoke to him later, after he

had spent the afternoon doing his homework and after his mother

had a chance to talk and reason with his father. They were all able to

sit more or less peaceably together then in the living room and listen

to Coleman describe the glories of boxing and how, given all the

resources you had to call on to excel, they exceeded even winning at

track.

It was his mother who asked the questions now, and answering

her was no problem. Her younger son was wrapped like a gift in every

ameliorating dream Gladys Silk had ever had, and the handsomer

he became and the smarter he became, the more difficult it

was for her to distinguish the child from the dreams. As sensitive

and gentle as she could be with the patients at the hospital, she

could also be, with the other nurses, even with the doctors, with the

SLIPPING THE PUNCH

white doctors, exacting and stern, imposing on them a code of conduct

no less stringent than the one she imposed on herself. She

could be that way with Ernestine as well. But never with Coleman.

Coleman got what the patients got: her conscientious kindness and

care. Coleman got just about anything he wanted. The father leading

the way, the mother feeding the love. The old one-two.

"I don't see how you get mad at somebody you don't know. You

especially," she said, "with your happy nature."

"You don't get mad. You just concentrate. It's a sport. You warm

up before a fight. You shadowbox. You get yourself ready for whatever

is going to come at you."

"If you've never seen the opponent before?" asked his father, with

all the restraint on his sarcasm he could muster.

"All I mean," Coleman said, "is you don't have to get mad."

"But," his mother asked, "what if the other boy is mad?"

"It doesn't matter. It's brains that win, not getting mad. Let him

get mad. Who cares? You have to think. It's like a chess game. Like a

cat and a mouse. You can lead a guy. Last night, I had this guy, he

was about eighteen or nineteen and he was sort of slow. He hit me

with a jab on the top of my head. So the next time he did it, I was

ready for it, and boom. I came over with the right counter and he

didn't know where it came from. I knocked him down. I don't

knock guys down, but I knocked this guy down. And I did it because

I got him into thinking that he could catch me again with this

punch."

"Coleman," his mother said, "I do not like the sound of what I'm

hearing."

He stood up to demonstrate for her. "Look. It was a slow punch.

You see? I saw his jab was slow and he wasn't catching me. It was

nothing that hurt me, Mom. I just was thinking that if he does it

again, I'll slip it and bang over with the right. So when he threw it

again, I saw it coming because it was so slow, and I was able to

counter and catch him. I knocked him down, Mom, but not because

I was angry. Because I box better."

"But these Newark boys you fight. They're nothing like the

THE HUMAN STAIN

friends you have," and, with affection, she mentioned the names of

the two other best-behaved, brightest Negro boys in his year at East

Orange High, who were indeed the pals he had lunch with and

hung around with at school. "I see these Newark boys on the street.

These boys are so tough" she said. "Track is so much more civilized

than boxing, so much more like you, Coleman. Dear, you run so

beautifully."

"It doesn't matter how tough they are or how tough they think

they are," he told her. "On the street it matters. But not in the ring.

In the street this guy could probably have beat me silly. But in the

ring? With rules? With gloves? No, no—he couldn't land a punch."

"But what happens when they do hit you? It has to hurt you. The

impact. It must. And that's so dangerous. Your head. Your brain"

"You're rolling with the punch, Mom. That's where they teach

you how to roll your head. Like this, see? That reduces the impact.

Once, and only once, and only because I was a jerk, only because of

my own stupid mistake and because I wasn't used to fighting a

southpaw, did I get a little stunned. And it's only like if you bang

your head against the wall, you feel a little dizzy or shaky. But then

all of a sudden your body comes right back. All you have to do is

just hold on to the guy or move away, and then your head clears up.

Sometimes, you get hit in the nose, your eyes get a little watery for a

second, but that's it. If you know what you're doing, it's not dangerous

at all."

With that remark, his father had heard enough. "I've seen men

get hit with a punch that they never saw coming. And when that

happens," Mr. Silk said, "their eyes don't get watery—when that

happens, it knocks them cold. Even Joe Louis, if you recall, was

knocked cold—wasn't he? Am I mistaken? And if Joe Louis can be

knocked cold, Coleman, so can you."

"Yeah, but Dad, Schmeling, when he fought Louis that first fight,

he saw a weakness. And the weakness was that when Louis threw

his jab, instead of coming back—" On his feet again, the boy demonstrated

to his parents what he meant. "Instead of corning back,

he dropped his left hand—see?—and Schmeling kept coming over

SLIPPING THE PUNCH

—see?—and that's how Schmeling knocked him out. It's all thinking.

Really. It is, Dad. I swear to you."

"Don't say that. Don't say, 'I swear to you.'"

"I won't, I won't. But see, if he doesn't come back, where he's

back in position, if he comes here instead, then the guy's going to

come over with his right hand and eventually he's going to catch

him. That's what happened that first time. That's exactly what happened."

But Mr. Silk had seen plenty of fights, in the army had seen fights

among soldiers staged at night for the troops where fighters were

not only knocked out like Joe Louis but so badly cut up nothing

could be done to stop the bleeding. On his base he had seen colored

fighters who used their heads as their main weapon, who should

have had a glove on their heads, tough street fighters, stupid men

who butted and butted with their heads until the face of the other

fighter was unrecognizable as a face. No, Coleman was to retire undefeated,

and if he wanted to box for the enjoyment of it, for the

sport, he would do so not at the Newark Boys Club, which to Mr.

Silk was for slum kids, for illiterates and hoodlums bound for either

the gutter or jail, but right there in East Orange, under the auspices

of Doc Chizner, who'd been the dentist for the United Electrical

Workers when Mr. Silk was the optician providing the union's

members with eyeglasses before he lost the business. Doc Chizner

was still a dentist but after hours taught the sons of the Jewish doctors

and lawyers and businessmen the basic skills of boxing, and

nobody in his classes, you could be sure, ended up hurt or maimed

for life. For Coleman's father, the Jews, even audaciously unsavory

Jews like Dr. Fensterman, were like Indian scouts, shrewd people

showing the outsider his way in, showing the social possibility,

showing an intelligent colored family how it might be done.

That was how Coleman got to Doc Chizner and became the colored

kid whom all the privileged Jewish kids got to know—probably

the only one they would ever know. Quickly Coleman came

to be Doc's assistant, teaching these Jewish kids not exactly the

fine points of how to economize energy and motion that Mac

THE HUMAN STAIN

Machrone had taught his ace student but the basics, which was all

they were up to anyway—"I say one, you jab. I say one-one, you

double-jab. I say one-two, left jab, right cross. One-two-three, left

jab, right cross, left hook." After the other pupils went home—with

the occasional one who got a bloody nose packing it in, never to

return—Doc Chizner worked alone with Coleman, some nights

building up his endurance mainly by doing infighting with him,

where you're tugging, you're pulling, you're hitting, and so afterward,

by comparison, sparring is kid's play. Doc had Coleman up

and out doing his roadwork and his shadowboxing even as the

milkman's horse, drawing the wagon, would arrive in the neighborhood

with the morning delivery. Coleman would be out there at

5 A.M. in his gray hooded sweatshirt, in the cold, the snow, it made

no difference, out there three and a half hours before the first

school bell. No one else around, nobody running, long before anybody

knew what running was, doing three quick miles, and throwing

punches the whole way, stopping only so as not to frighten that

big, brown, lumbering old beast when, tucked sinisterly within his

monklike cowl, Coleman drew abreast of the milkman and sprinted

ahead. He hated the boredom of the running—and he never missed

a day.

Some four months before Dr. Fensterman came to the house to

make his offer to Coleman's parents, Coleman found himself one

Saturday in Doc Chizner's car being driven up to West Point, where

Doc was going to referee a match between Army and the University

of Pittsburgh. Doc knew the Pitt coach and he wanted the coach to

see Coleman fight. Doc was sure that, what with Coleman's grades,

the coach could get him a four-year scholarship to Pitt, a bigger

scholarship than he could ever get for track, and all he'd have to do

was box for the Pitt team.

Now, it wasn't that on the way up Doc told him to tell the Pitt

coach that he was white. He just told Coleman not to mention that

he was colored.

"If nothing comes up," Doc said, "you don't bring it up. You're

neither one thing or the other. You're Silky Silk. That's enough.

SLIPPING THE PUNCH

That's the deal." Doc's favorite expression: that's the deal. Something

else Coleman's father would not allow him to repeat in the

house.

"He won't know?" Coleman asked.

"How? How will he know? How the hell is he going to know?

Here is the top kid from East Orange High, and he is with Doc

Chizner. You know what he's going to think, if he thinks anything?"

"What?"

"You look like you look, you're with me, and so he's going to

think that you're one of Doc's boys. He's going to think that you're

Jewish."

Coleman never regarded Doc as much of a comedian—nothing

like Mac Machrone and his stories about being a Newark cop—but

he laughed loudly at that one and then reminded him, "I'm going

to Howard. I can't go to Pitt. I've got to go to Howard." For as long

as Coleman could remember, his father had been determined to

send him, the brightest of the three kids, to a historically black college

along with the privileged children of the black professional

elite.

"Coleman, box for the guy. That's all. That's the whole deal. Let's

see what happens."

Except for educational trips to New York City with his family,

Coleman had never been out of Jersey before, and so first he spent a

great day walking around West Point pretending he was at West

Point because he was going to go to West Point, and then he boxed

for the Pitt coach against a guy like the guy he'd boxed at the

Knights of Pythias—slow, so slow that within seconds Coleman

realized that there was no way this guy was going to beat him, even

if he was twenty years old and a college boxer. Jesus, Coleman

thought at the end of the first round, if I could fight this guy for the

rest of my life, I'd be better than Ray Robinson. It wasn't just that

Coleman weighed some seven pounds more than when he'd boxed

on the amateur card at the Knights of Pythias. It was that something

he could not even name made him want to be more damaging

than he'd ever dared before, to do something more that day

THE HUMAN STAIN

than merely win. Was it because the Pitt coach didn't know he was

colored? Could it be because who he really was was entirely his secret?

He did love secrets. The secret of nobody's knowing what was

going on in your head, thinking whatever you wanted to think with

no way of anybody's knowing. All the other kids were always blabbing

about themselves. But that wasn't where the power was or the

pleasure either. The power and pleasure were to be found in the opposite,

in being counterconfessional in the same way you were a

counterpuncher, and he knew that with nobody having to tell him

and without his having to think about it. That's why he liked shadowboxing

and hitting the heavy bag: for the secrecy in it. That's why

he liked track, too, but this was even better. Some guys just banged

away at the heavy bag. Not Coleman. Coleman thought, and the

same way that he thought in school or in a race: rule everything else

out, let nothing else in, and immerse yourself in the thing, the subject,

the competition, the exam—whatever's to be mastered, become

that thing. He could do that in biology and he could do it in

the dash and he could do it in boxing. And not only did nothing external

make any difference, neither did anything internal. If there

were people in the fight crowd shouting at him, he could pay no attention

to that, and if the guy he was fighting was his best friend, he

could pay no attention to that. After the fight there was plenty of

time for them to be friends again. He managed to force himself to

ignore his feelings, whether of fear, uncertainty, even friendship—

to have the feelings but have them separately from himself. When

he was shadowboxing, for instance, he wasn't just loosening up. He

was also imagining another guy, in his head fighting through a secret

fight with another guy. And in the ring, where the other guy

was real—stinky, snotty, wet, throwing punches as real as could

be—the guy still could have no idea what you were thinking. There

wasn't a teacher to ask for the answer to the question. All the answers

that you came up with in the ring, you kept to yourself, and

when you let the secret out, you let it out through everything but

your mouth.

SLIPPING THE PUNCH

So at magic, mythical West Point, where it looked to him that day

as though there were more of America in every square inch of the

flag flapping on the West Point flagpole than in any flag he'd ever

seen, and where the iron faces of the cadets had for him the most

powerful heroic significance, even here, at the patriotic center, the

marrow of his country's unbreakable spine, where his sixteen-yearold's

fantasy of the place matched perfectly the official fantasy,

where everything he saw made him feel a frenzy of love not only for

himself but for all that was visible, as if everything in nature were a

manifestation of his own life—the sun, the sky, the mountains, the

river, the trees, just Coleman Brutus "Silky" Silk carried to the millionth

degree—even here nobody knew his secret, and so he went

out there in the first round and, unlike Mac Machrone's undefeated

counterpuncher, started hitting this guy with everything he had.

When the guy and he were of the same caliber, he would have to

use his brains, but when the guy was easy and when Coleman saw

that early, he could always be a more aggressive fighter and begin

to pound away. And that's what happened at West Point. Before

you turned around, he had cut the guy's eyes, the guy's nose was

bleeding, and he was knocking him all over the place. And then

something happened that had never happened before. He threw a

hook, one that seemed to go three-quarters of the way into the

guy's body. It went so deep he was astonished, though not half

as astonished as the Pitt guy. Coleman weighed a hundred and

twenty-eight pounds, hardly a young boxer who knocked people

out. He never really planted his feet to throw that one good shot,

that was not his style; and still this punch to the body went so deep

that the guy just folded forward, a college boxer already twenty

years old, and Coleman caught him in what Doc Chizner called

"the labonz." Right in the labonz, and the guy folded forward, and

for a moment Coleman thought the guy was even going to throw

up, and so before he threw up and before he went down, Coleman

set himself to whack him with the right one more time—all he saw

as this white guy was going down was somebody he wanted to beat

THE HUMAN STAIN

the living shit out of—but suddenly the Pitt coach, who was the referee,

called, "Don't, Silky!" and as Coleman started to throw that

last right, the coach grabbed him and stopped the fight.

"And that kid," said Doc on the drive home, "that kid was a goddamn

good fighter, too. But when they dragged him back to his

corner, they had to tell him the fight was over. This kid is already

back in his corner, and still he didn't know what hit him."

Deep in the victory, in the magic, in the ecstasy of that last punch

and of the sweet flood of fury that had broken out and into the

open and overtaken him no less than its victim, Coleman said—almost

as though he were speaking in his sleep rather than aloud in

the car as he replayed the fight in his head—"I guess I was too quick

for him, Doc."

"Sure, quick. Of course quick. I know you're quick. But also

strong. That is the best hook you ever threw, Silky. My boy, you

were too strong for him."

Was he? Truly strong?

He went to Howard anyway. Had he not, his father would—with

words alone, with just the English language—have killed him. Mr.

Silk had it all figured out: Coleman was going to Howard to become

a doctor, to meet a light-skinned girl there from a good Negro family,

to marry and settle down and have children who would in turn

go to Howard. At all-Negro Howard, Coleman's tremendous advantages

of intellect and of appearance would launch him into the

topmost ranks of Negro society, make of him someone people

would forever look up to. And yet within his first week at Howard,

when he eagerly went off on Saturday with his roommate, a lawyer's

son from New Brunswick, to see the Washington Monument,

and they stopped in Woolworth's to get a hot dog, he was called a

nigger. His first time. And they wouldn't give him the hot dog. Refused

a hot dog at Woolworth's in downtown Washington, on the

way out called a nigger, and, as a result, unable to divorce himself

from his feelings as easily as he did in the ring. At East Orange High

the class valedictorian, in the segregated South just another nigger.

SLIPPING THE PUNCH

In the segregated South there were no separate identities, not even

for him and his roommate. No such subtleties allowed, and the impact

was devastating. Nigger—and it meant him.

Of course, even in East Orange he had not escaped the minimally

less malevolent forms of exclusion that socially separated his

family and the small colored community from the rest of East Orange

—everything that flowed from what his father called the country's

"Negrophobia." And he knew, too, that working for the Pennsylvania

Railroad, his father had to put up with insults in the dining

car and, union or no union, prejudicial treatment from the company

that were far more humbling than anything Coleman would

have known as an East Orange kid who was not only as lightskinned

as a Negro could get but a bubbling, enthusiastic, quickwitted

boy who happened also to be a star athlete and a straight-A

student. He would watch his father do everything he could so as

not to explode when he came home from work after something had

happened on the job about which, if he wanted to keep the job, he

could do nothing but meekly say, "Yes, suh." That Negroes who

were lighter were treated better didn't always hold true. "Any time a

white deals with you," his father would tell the family, "no matter

how well intentioned he may be, there is the presumption of intellectual

inferiority. Somehow or other, if not directly by his words

then by his facial expression, by his tone of voice, by his impatience,

even by the opposite—by his forbearance, by his wonderful display

of humaneness—he will always talk to you as though you are dumb,

and then, if you're not, he will be astonished." "What happened,

Dad?" Coleman would ask. But, as much out of pride as disgust,

rarely would his father elucidate. To make the pedagogical point

was enough. "What happened," Coleman's mother would explain,

"is beneath your father even to repeat."

At East Orange High, there were teachers from whom Coleman

sensed an unevenness of acceptance, an unevenness of endorsement

compared to what they lavished on the smart white kids, but

never to the degree that the unevenness was able to block his aims.

No matter what the slight or the obstacle, he took it the way he

THE HUMAN STAIN

took the low hurdles. If only to feign impregnability, he shrugged

things off that Walter, say, could not and would not. Walt played

varsity football, got good grades, as a Negro was no less anomalous

in his skin color than Coleman, and yet he was always a little angrier

about everything. When, for instance, he didn't get invited

into a white kid's house but was made to wait outside, when he

wasn't asked to the birthday party of a white teammate whom he'd

been foolish enough to consider a buddy, Coleman, who shared a

bedroom with him, would hear about it for months. When Walt

didn't get his A in trigonometry, he went right to the teacher and

stood there and, to the man's white face, said, "I think you made a

mistake." When the teacher went over his grade book and looked

again at Walt's test scores, he came back to Walt and, even while

allowing his mistake, had the nerve to say, "I couldn't believe your

grades were as high as they were," and only after a remark like

that made the change from a B to an A. Coleman wouldn't have

dreamed of asking a teacher to change a grade, but then he'd never

had to. Maybe because he didn't have Walt's brand of bristling

defiance, or maybe because he was lucky, or maybe because he was

smarter and excelling academically wasn't the same effort for him

that it was for Walt, he got the A in the first place. And when, in the

seventh grade, he didn't get invited to some white friend's birthday

party (and this was somebody who lived just down the block in the

corner apartment house, the little white son of the building's super

who'd been walking back and forth to school with Coleman since

they'd started kindergarten), Coleman didn't take it as rejection by

white people—after his initial mystification, he took it as rejection

by Dicky Watkin's stupid mother and father. When he taught Doc

Chizner's class, he knew there were kids who were repelled by him,

who didn't like to be touched by him or to come in contact with his

sweat, there was occasionally a kid who dropped out—again, probably

because of parents who didn't want him taking boxing instruction,

or any instruction, from a colored boy—and yet, unlike Walt,

on whom no slight failed to register, Coleman, in the end, could

forget it, dismiss it, or decide to appear to. There was the time one

SLIPPING THE PUNCH

of the white runners on the track team was injured seriously in a

car crash and guys from the team rushed to offer blood to the family

for the transfusions, and Coleman was one of them, yet his was

the blood the family didn't take. They thanked him and told him

that they had enough, but he knew what the real reason was. No, it

wasn't that he didn't know what was going on. He was too smart

not to know. He competed against plenty of white Newark guys at

track meets, Italians from Barringer, Poles from East Side, Irish

from Central, Jews from Weequahic. He saw, he heard—he overheard.

Coleman knew what was going on. But he also knew what

wasn't going on, at the center of his life anyway. The protection of

his parents, the protection provided by Walt as his older, six-foottwo-

and-a-half-inch brother, his own innate confidence, his bright

charm, his running prowess ("the fastest kid in the Oranges"), even

his color, which made of him someone that people sometimes

couldn't quite figure out—all this combined to mute for Coleman

the insults that Walter found intolerable. Then there was the difference

of personality: Walt was Walt, vigorously Walt, and Coleman

was vigorously not. There was probably no better explanation than

that for their different responses.

But "nigger"—directed at him? That infuriated him. And yet,

unless he wanted to get in serious trouble, there was nothing he

could do about it except to keep walking out of the store. This

wasn't the amateur boxing card at the Knights of Pythias. This was

Woolworth's in Washington, D.C. His fists were useless, his footwork

was useless, so was his rage. Forget Walter. How could his father

have taken this shit? In one form or another taken shit like this

in that dining car every single day! Never before, for all his precocious

cleverness, had Coleman realized how protected his life

had been, nor had he gauged his father's fortitude or realized the

powerful force that man was—powerful not merely by virtue of being

his father. At last he saw all that his father had been condemned

to accept. He saw all his father's defenselessness, too, where before

he had been a naive enough youngster to imagine, from the

lordly, austere, sometimes insufferable way Mr. Silk conducted

THE HUMAN STAIN

himself, that there was nothing vulnerable there. But because

somebody, belatedly, had got around to calling Coleman a nigger to

his face, he finally recognized the enormous barrier against the

great American menace that his father had been for him.

But that didn't make life better at Howard. Especially when he

began to think that there was something of the nigger about him

even to the kids in his dorm who had all sorts of new clothes and

money in their pockets and in the summertime didn't hang around

the hot streets at home but went to "camp"—and not Boy Scout

camp out in the Jersey sticks but fancy places where they rode

horses and played tennis and acted in plays. What the hell was a

"cotillion"? Where was Highland Beach? What were these kids talking

about? He was among the very lightest of the light-skinned in

the freshman class, lighter even than his tea-colored roommate, but

he could have been the blackest, most benighted field hand for all

they knew that he didn't. He hated Howard from the day he arrived,

within the week hated Washington, and so in early October, when

his father dropped dead serving dinner on the Pennsylvania Railroad

dining car that was pulling out of 30th Street Station in Philadelphia

for Wilmington, and Coleman went home for the funeral,

he told his mother he was finished with that college. She pleaded

with him to give it a second chance, assured him that there had to

be boys from something like his own modest background, scholarship

boys like him, to mix with and befriend, but nothing his

mother said, however true, could change his mind. Only two people

were able to get Coleman to change his mind once he'd made it

up, his father and Walt, and even they had to all but break his will to

do it. But Walt was in Italy with the U.S. Army, and the father

whom Coleman had to placate by doing as he was told was no longer

around to sonorously dictate anything.

Of course he wept at the funeral and knew how colossal this

thing was that, without warning, had been taken away. When the

minister read, along with the biblical stuff, a selection from Julius

Caesar out of his father's cherished volume of Shakespeare's plays

—the oversized book with the floppy leather binding that, when

SLIPPING THE PUNCH

Coleman was a small boy, always reminded him of a cocker spaniel

—the son felt his father's majesty as never before: the grandeur

of both his rise and his fall, the grandeur that, as a college freshman

away for barely a month from the tiny enclosure of his East Orange

home, Coleman had begun faintly to discern for what it was.

Cowards die many times before their deaths;

The valiant never taste of death but once.

Of all the wonders that I yet have heard,

It seems to me most strange that men should fear;

Seeing that death, a necessary end,

Will come when it will come.

The word "valiant," as the preacher intoned it, stripped away Coleman's

manly effort at sober, stoical self-control and laid bare a

child's longing for that man closest to him that he'd never see again,

the mammoth, secretly suffering father who talked so easily, so

sweepingly, who with just his powers of speech had inadvertently

taught Coleman to want to be stupendous. Coleman wept with the

most fundamental and copious of all emotions, reduced helplessly

to everything he could not bear. As an adolescent complaining

about his father to his friends, he would characterize him with far

more scorn than he felt or had the capacity to feel—pretending to

an impersonal way of judging his own father was one more method

he'd devised to invent and claim impregnability. But to be no longer

circumscribed and defined by his father was like finding that all

the clocks wherever he looked had stopped, and all the watches, and

that there was no way of knowing what time it was. Down to the

day he arrived in Washington and entered Howard, it was, like it or

not, his father who had been making up Coleman's story for him;

now he would have to make it up himself, and the prospect was terrifying.

And then it wasn't. Three terrible, terrifying days passed, a

terrible week, two terrible weeks, until, out of nowhere, it was exhilarating.

"What can be avoided / Whose end is purposed by the mighty

THE HUMAN STAIN

gods?" Lines also from Julius Caesar, quoted to him by his father,

and yet only with his father in the grave did Coleman at last bother

to hear them—and when he did, instantaneously to aggrandize

them. This had been purposed by the mighty gods! Silky's freedom.

The raw I. All the subtlety of being Silky Silk.

At Howard he'd discovered that he wasn't just a nigger to Washington,

D.C.—as if that shock weren't strong enough, he discovered

at Howard that he was a Negro as well. A Howard Negro at that.

Overnight the raw I was part of a we with all of the we's overbearing

solidity, and he didn't want anything to do with it or with the

next oppressive we that came along either. You finally leave home,

the Ur of we, and you find another we? Another place that's just like

that, the substitute for that? Growing up in East Orange, he was of

course a Negro, very much of their small community of five thousand

or so, but boxing, running, studying, at everything he did concentrating

and succeeding, roaming around on his own all over the

Oranges and, with or without Doc Chizner, down across the Newark

line, he was, without thinking about it, everything else as well.

He was Coleman, the greatest of the great pioneers of the I.

Then he went off to Washington and, in the first month, he was a

nigger and nothing else and he was a Negro and nothing else. No.

No. He saw the fate awaiting him, and he wasn't having it. Grasped

it intuitively and recoiled spontaneously. You can't let the big they

impose its bigotry on you any more than you can let the little they

become a we and impose its ethics on you. Not the tyranny of the

we and its we-talk and everything that the we wants to pile on your

head. Never for him the tyranny of the we that is dying to suck you

in, the coercive, inclusive, historical, inescapable moral we with its

insidious E pluribus unum. Neither the they of Woolworth's nor the

we of Howard. Instead the raw I with all its agility. Self-discovery—

that was the punch to the labonz. Singularity. The passionate struggle

for singularity. The singular animal. The sliding relationship

with everything. Not static but sliding. Self-knowledge but concealed.

What is as powerful as that?

"Beware the ides of March." Bullshit—beware nothing. Free.

SLIPPING THE PUNCH

With both bulwarks gone—the big brother overseas and the father

dead—he is repowered and free to be whatever he wants, free to

pursue the hugest aim, the confidence right in his bones to be his

particular I. Free on a scale unimaginable to his father. As free as his

father had been unfree. Free now not only of his father but of all

that his father had ever had to endure. The impositions. The humiliations.

The obstructions. The wound and the pain and the posturing

and the shame—all the inward agonies of failure and defeat.

Free instead on the big stage. Free to go ahead and be stupendous.

Free to enact the boundless, self-defining drama of the pronouns

we, they, and I.

The war was still on, and unless it ended overnight he was going

to be drafted anyway. If Walt was in Italy fighting Hitler, why

shouldn't he fight the bastard too? It was October of 1944, and

he was still a month shy of being eighteen. But he could easily lie

about his age—to move his birth date back by a month, from

November 12 to October 12, was no problem at all. And dealing

as he was with his mother's grief—and with her shock at his quitting

college—it didn't immediately occur to him that, if he chose

to, he could lie about his race as well. He could play his skin however

he wanted, color himself just as he chose. No, that did not

dawn on him until he was seated in the federal building in Newark

and had all the navy enlistment forms spread out in front of

him and, before filling them out, and carefully, with the same meticulous

scrutiny that he'd studied for his high school exams—

as though whatever he was doing, large or small, was, for however

long he concentrated on it, the most important thing in the

world—began to read them through. And even then it didn't occur

to him. It occurred first to his heart, which began banging away

like the heart of someone on the brink of committing his first

great crime.

In '46, when Coleman came out of the service, Ernestine was already

enrolled in the elementary education program at Montclair

State Teachers College, Walt was at Montclair State finishing up,

THE HUMAN STAIN

and both of them were living at home with their widowed mother.

But Coleman, determined to live by himself, on his own, was across

the river in New York, enrolled at NYU. He wanted to live in Greenwich

Village far more than to go to NYU, wanted to be a poet or a

playwright far more than to study for a degree, but the best way he

could think to pursue his goals without having to get a job to support

himself was by cashing in on the GI Bill. The problem was that

as soon as he started taking classes, he wound up getting A's, getting

interested, and by the end of his first two years he was on the track

for Phi Beta Kappa and a summa cum laude degree in classics. His

quick mind and prodigious memory and classroom fluency made

his performance at school as outstanding as it had always been,

with the result that what he had come to New York wanting most

was displaced by his success at what everybody else thought he

should do and encouraged him to do and admired him for doing

brilliantly. This was beginning to look like a pattern: he kept getting

co-opted because of his academic prowess. Sure, he could take it all

in and even enjoy it, the pleasure of being conventional unconventionally,

but that wasn't really the idea. He had been a whiz at Latin

and Greek in high school and gotten the Howard scholarship when

what he wanted was to box in the Golden Gloves; now he was no

less a whiz in college, while his poetry, when he showed it to his

professors, didn't kindle any enthusiasm. At first he kept up his

roadwork and his boxing for the fun of it, until one day at the gym

he was approached to fight a four-rounder at St. Nick's Arena, offered

thirty-five dollars to take the place of a fighter who'd pulled

out, and mostly to make up for all he'd missed at the Golden

Gloves, he accepted and, to his delight, secretly turned pro.

So there was school, poetry, professional boxing, and there were

girls, girls who knew how to walk and how to wear a dress, how to

move in a dress, girls who conformed to everything he'd been imagining

when he'd set out from the separation center in San Francisco

for New York—girls who put the streets of Greenwich Village and

the crisscrossing walkways of Washington Square to their proper

SLIPPING THE PUNCH

use. There were warm spring afternoons when nothing in triumphant

postwar America, let alone in the world of antiquity, could

be of more interest to Coleman than the legs of the girl walking in

front of him. Nor was he the only one back from the war beset by

this fixation. In those days in Greenwich Village there seemed to

be no more engrossing off-hours entertainment for NYU's ex-GIs

than appraising the legs of the women who passed by the coffeehouses

and cafes where they congregated to read the papers and

play chess. Who knows why sociologically, but whatever the reason,

it was the great American era of aphrodisiacal legs, and once or

twice a day at least, Coleman followed a pair of them for block after

block so as not to lose sight of the way they moved and how they

were shaped and what they looked like at rest while the corner light

was changing from red to green. And when he gauged the moment

was right—having followed behind long enough to become both

verbally poised and insanely ravenous—and quickened his pace so

as to catch up, when he spoke and ingratiated himself enough so as

to be allowed to fall in step beside her and to ask her name and to

make her laugh and to get her to accept a date, he was, whether she

knew it or not, proposing the date to her legs.

And the girls, in turn, liked Coleman's legs. Steena Palsson, the

eighteen-year-old exile from Minnesota, even wrote a poem about

Coleman that mentioned his legs. It was handwritten on a sheet of

lined notebook paper, signed "S," then folded in quarters and stuck

into his mail slot in the tiled hallway above his basement room. It

had been two weeks since they'd first flirted at the subway station,

and this was the Monday after the Sunday of their first twentyfour-

hour marathon. Coleman had rushed off to his morning class

while Steena was still making up in the bathroom; a few minutes

later, she herself set out for work, but not before leaving him the

poem that, in spite of all the stamina they'd so conscientiously

demonstrated over the previous day, she'd been too shy to hand

him directly. Since Coleman's schedule took him from his classes to

the library to his late evening workout in the ring of a rundown

THE HUMAN STAIN

Chinatown gym, he didn't find the poem jutting from the mail slot

until he got back to Sullivan Street at eleven-thirty that night.

He has a body.

He has a beautiful body—

the muscles on the backs of his legs and the back of his neck.

Also he is bright and brash.

He's four years older,

but sometimes I feel he is younger.

He is sweet, still, and romantic, though he says he is not romantic.

I am almost dangerous for this man.

How much can I tell of what I see in him? I wonder what he does after

he swallows me whole.

Rapidly reading Steena's handwriting by the dim hall light, he at

first mistook "neck" for "negro"—and the back of his negro... His

negro what? Till then he'd been surprised by how easy it was. What

was supposed to be hard and somehow shaming or destructive was

not only easy but without consequences, no price paid at all. But

now the sweat was pouring off him. He kept reading, faster even

than before, but the words formed themselves into no combination

that made sense. His negro WHAT? They had been naked together

a whole day and night, for most of that time never more than

inches apart. Not since he was an infant had anyone other than

himself had so much time to study how he was made. Since there

was nothing about her long pale body that he had not observed and

nothing that she had concealed and nothing now that he could not

picture with a painterlike awareness, a lover's excited, meticulous

connoisseurship, and since he had spent all day stimulated no less

by her presence in his nostrils than by her legs spread-eagled in

his mind's eye, it had to follow that there was nothing about his

SLIPPING THE PUNCH

body that she had not microscopically absorbed, nothing about

that extensive surface imprinted with his self-cherishing evolutionary

uniqueness, nothing about his singular configuration as a man,

his skin, his pores, his whiskers, his teeth, his hands, his nose, his

ears, his lips, his tongue, his feet, his balls, his veins, his prick, his

armpits, his ass, his tangle of pubic hair, the hair on his head,

the fuzz on his frame, nothing about the way he laughed, slept,

breathed, moved, smelled, nothing about the way he shuddered

convulsively when he came that she had not registered. And remembered.

And pondered.

Was it the act itself that did it, the absolute intimacy of it, when

you are not just inside the body of the other person but she is

tightly enveloping you? Or was it the physical nakedness? You take

off your clothes and you're in bed with somebody, and that is indeed

where whatever you've concealed, your particularity, whatever

it may be, however encrypted, is going to be found out, and that's

what the shyness is all about and what everybody fears. In that anarchic

crazy place, how much of me is being seen, how much of me is

being discovered? Now I know who you are. I see dear through to the

back of your negro.

But how, by seeing what? What could it have been? Was it seeable

to her, whatever it was, because she was a blond Icelandic Dane

from a long line of blond Icelanders and Danes, Scandinavianraised,

at home, in school, at church, in the company all her life of

nothing but . . . and then Coleman recognized the word in the

poem as a four- and not a five-letter word. What she'd written

wasn't "negro." It was "neck." Oh, my neck! It's only my neck!.. .the

muscles on the backs of his legs and the back of his neck.

But what then did this mean: "How much can I tell / of what I

see in him?" What was so ambiguous about what she saw in him? If

she'd written "tell from" instead of "tell of," would that have made

her meaning clearer? Or would that have made it less clear? The

more he reread that simple stanza, the more opaque the meaning

became—and the more opaque the meaning, the more certain he

was that she distinctly sensed the problem that Coleman brought to

THE HUMAN STAIN

her life. Unless she meant by "what I see in him" no more than what

is colloquially meant by skeptical people when they ask someone in

love, "What can you possibly see in him?"

And what about "tell"? How much can she tell to whom? By tell

does she mean make—"how much can I make," et cetera—or does

she mean reveal, expose? And what about "I am almost dangerous

for this man." Is "dangerous for" different from "dangerous to"? Either

way, what's the danger?

Each time he tried to penetrate her meaning, it slipped away. After

two frantic minutes on his feet in the hallway, all he could be

sure of was his fear. And this astonished him—and, as always with

Coleman, his susceptibility, by catching him unprepared, shamed

him as well, triggering an SOS, a ringing signal to self-vigilance to

take up the slack.

Bright and game and beautiful as Steena was, she was only eighteen

years old and fresh to New York from Fergus Falls, Minnesota,

and yet he was now more intimidated by her—and her almost preposterous,

unequivocal goldenness—than by anybody he had ever

faced in the ring. Even on that night in the Norfolk whorehouse,

when the woman who was watching from the bed as he began to

peel off his uniform—a big-titted, fleshy, mistrustful whore not entirely

ugly but certainly no looker (and maybe herself two thirtyfifths

something other than white)—smiled sourly and said,

"You're a black nigger, ain't you, boy?" and the two goons were

summoned to throw him out, only then had he been as undone as

he was by Steena's poem.

I wonder what he does after he swallows me whole.

Even that he could not understand. At the desk in his room, he

battled into the morning with the paradoxical implications of this

final stanza, ferreting out and then renouncing one complicated

formulation after another until, at daybreak, all he knew for sure

was that for Steena, ravishing Steena, not everything he had eradicated

from himself had vanished into thin air.

SLIPPING THE PUNCH

Dead wrong. Her poem didn't mean anything. It wasn't even a

poem. Under the pressure of her own confusion, fragments of

ideas, raw bits of thought, had all chaotically come tumbling into

her head while she was under the shower, and so she'd torn a page

from one of his notebooks, scribbled out at his desk whatever

words jelled, then jammed the page into the mail slot before rushing

off for work. Those lines were just something she'd done—that

she'd had to do—with the exquisite newness of her bewilderment.

A poet? Hardly, she laughed: just somebody leaping through a ring

of fire.

They were together in the bed in his room every weekend for

over a year, feeding on each other like prisoners in solitary madly

downing their daily ration of bread and water. She astonished

him—astonished herself—with the dance she did one Saturday

night, standing at the foot of his foldout sofa bed in her half slip

and nothing else. She was getting undressed, and the radio was

on—Symphony Sid—and first, to get her moving and in the mood,

there was Count Basic and a bunch of jazz musicians jamming on

"Lady Be Good," a wild live recording, and following that, more

Gershwin, the Artie Shaw rendition of "The Man I Love" that featured

Roy Eldridge steaming everything up. Coleman was lying

semi-upright on the bed, doing what he most loved to do on a

Saturday night after they'd returned from their five bucks' worth

of Chianti and spaghetti and cannoli in their favorite Fourteenth

Street basement restaurant: watch her take her clothes off. All at

once, with no prompting from him—seemingly prompted only by

Eldridge's trumpet—she began what Coleman liked to describe as

the single most slithery dance ever performed by a Fergus Falls girl

after little more than a year in New York City. She could have raised

Gershwin himself from the grave with that dance, and with the way

she sang the song. Prompted by a colored trumpet player playing it

like a black torch song, there to see, plain as day, was all the power

of her whiteness. That big white thing. "Some day he'll come along

... the man I love ... and he'll be big and strong... the man I love."

The language was ordinary enough to have been lifted from the

THE HUMAN STAIN

most innocent first-grade primer, but when the record was over,

Steena put her hands up to hide her face, half meaning, half pretending

to cover her shame. But the gesture protected her against

nothing, least of all from his enravishment. The gesture merely

transported him further. "Where did I find you, Voluptas?" he

asked. "How did I find you? Who are you?"

It was during this, the headiest of times that Coleman gave up his

evening workout at the Chinatown gym and cut back his early

morning five-mile run and, in the end, relinquished in any way taking

seriously his having turned pro. He had fought and won a total

of four professional bouts, three four-rounders and then, his finale,

a six-rounder, all of them Monday night fights at the old St. Nicholas

Arena. He never told Steena about the fights, never told anyone

at NYU, and certainly never let on to his family. For those first few

years of college, that was one more secret, even though at the arena

he boxed under the name of Silky Silk and the results from St.

Nick's were printed in small type in a box on the sports page of the

tabloids the next day. From the first second of the first round of the

first thirty-five-dollar four-round fight, he went into the ring as a

pro with an attitude different from that of his amateur days. Not

that he had ever wanted to lose as an amateur. But as a pro he put

out twice as hard, if only to prove to himself that he could stay there

if he wanted to. None of the fights went the distance, and in the last

fight, the six-rounder—with Beau Jack at the top of the card—and

for which he got one hundred dollars, he stopped the guy in two

minutes and some-odd seconds and was not even tired when it was

over. Walking down the aisle for the six-rounder, Coleman had had

to pass the ringside seat of Solly Tabak, the promoter, who was already

dangling a contract in front of Coleman to sign away a third

of his earnings for the next ten years. Solly slapped him on the

behind and, in his meaty whisper, told him, "Feel the nigger out in

the first round, see what he's got, Silky, and give the people their

money's worth." Coleman nodded at Tabak and smiled but, while

climbing into the ring, thought, Fuck you. I'm getting a hundred

dollars, and I'm going to let some guy hit me to give the people

SLIPPING THE PUNCH

their money's worth? I'm supposed to give a shit about some jerkoff

sitting in the fifteenth row? I'm a hundred and thirty-nine

pounds and five foot eight and a half, he's a hundred and forty-five

and five foot ten, and I'm supposed to let the guy hit me in the head

four, five, ten extra times in order to put on a show? Fuck the show.

After the fight Solly was not happy with Coleman's behavior. It

struck him as juvenile. "You could have stopped the nigger in the

fourth round instead of the first and gave the people their money's

worth. But you didn't. I ask you nicely, and you don't do what I ask

you. Why's that, wise guy?"

"Because I don't carry no nigger." That's what he said, the classics

major from NYU and valedictorian son of the late optician, dining

car waiter, amateur linguist, grammarian, disciplinarian, and student

of Shakespeare Clarence Silk. That's how obstinate he was,

that's how secretive he was—no matter what he undertook, that's

how much he meant business, this colored kid from East Orange

High.

He stopped fighting because of Steena. However mistaken he was

about the ominous meaning hidden in her poem, he remained convinced

that the mysterious forces that made their sexual ardor inexhaustible

—that transformed them into lovers so unbridled that

Steena, in a neophyte's distillation of self-marveling self-mockery,

midwesternly labeled them "two mental cases"—would one day

work to dissolve his story of himself right before her eyes. How this

would happen he did not know, and how he could forestall it he did

not know. But the boxing wasn't going to help. Once she found out

about Silky Silk, questions would be raised that would inevitably

lead her to stumble on the truth. She knew that he had a mother in

East Orange who was a registered nurse and a regular churchgoer,

that he had an older brother who'd begun teaching seventh and

eighth grades in Asbury Park and a sister finishing up for her teaching

certificate from Montclair State, and that once each month the

Sunday in his Sullivan Street bed had to be cut short because

Coleman was expected in East Orange for dinner. She knew that his

father had been an optician—just that, an optician—and even that

THE HUMAN STAIN

he'd come originally from Georgia. Coleman was scrupulous in

seeing that she had no reason to doubt the truth of whatever she

was told by him, and once he'd given up the boxing for good, he

didn't even have to lie about that. He didn't lie to Steena about anything.

All he did was to follow the instructions that Doc Chizner

had given him the day they were driving up to West Point (and that

already had gotten him through the navy): if nothing comes up,

you don't bring it up.

His decision to invite her to East Orange for Sunday dinner, like

all his other decisions now—even the decision at St. Nick's to silently

say fuck you to Solly Tabak by taking out the other guy in

the first round—was based on nobody's thinking but his own. It

was close to two years since they'd met, Steena was twenty and he

was twenty-four, and he could no longer envision himself walking

down Eighth Street, let alone proceeding through life, without her.

Her undriven, conventional daily demeanor in combination with

the intensity of her weekend abandon—all of it subsumed by a

physical incandescence, a girlish American flashbulb radiance that

was practically voodooish in its power—had achieved a startling

supremacy over a will as ruthlessly independent as Coleman's: she

had not only severed him from boxing and the combative filial

defiance encapsulated in being Silky Silk the undefeated welterweight

pro, but had freed him from the desire for anyone else.

Yet he couldn't tell her he was colored. The words he heard himself

having to speak were going to make everything sound worse

than it was—make him sound worse than he was. And if he then

left it to her to imagine his family, she was going to picture people

wholly unlike what they were. Because she knew no Negroes, she

would imagine the kind of Negroes she saw in the movies or knew

from the radio or heard about in jokes. He realized by now that she

was not prejudiced and that if only she were to meet Ernestine and

Walt and his mother, she would recognize right off how conventional

they were and how much they happened to have in common

with the tiresome respectability she had herself been all too glad to

leave behind in Fergus Falls. "Don't get me wrong—it's a lovely

SLIPPING THE PUNCH

city," she hastened to tell him, "it's a beautiful city. It's unusual,

Fergus Falls, because it has the Otter Tail Lake just to the east, and

not far from our house it has the Otter Tail River. And it's, I suppose,

a little more sophisticated than other towns out there that

size, because it's just south and to the east of Fargo-Moorhead,

which is the college town in that section of the country." Her father

owned a hardware supply store and a small lumberyard. "An irrepressible,

gigantic, amazing person, my father. Huge. Like a slab of

ham. He drinks in one night an entire container of whatever alcohol

you have around. I could never believe it. I still can't. He just

keeps going. He gets a big gash in his calf muscle wrestling with a

piece of machinery—he just leaves it there, he doesn't wash it. They

tend to be like this, the Icelanders. Bulldozer types. What's interesting

is his personality. Most astonishing person. My father in a conversation

takes over the whole room. And he's not the only one. My

Palsson grandparents, too. His father is that way. His mother is that

way." "Icelanders. I didn't even know you call them Icelanders. I

didn't even know they were here. I don't know anything about Icelanders

at all. When," Coleman asked, "did they come to Minnesota?"

She shrugged and laughed. "Good question. I'm going to say

after the dinosaurs. That's what it seems like." "And it's him you're

escaping?" "I guess. Hard to be the daughter of that sort of feistiness.

He kind of submerges you." "And your mother? He submerges

her?" "That's the Danish side of the family. That's the Rasmussens.

No, she's unsubmergeable. My mother's too practical to be submerged.

The characteristics of her family—and I don't think it's peculiar

to that family, I think Danes are this way, and they're not too

different from Norwegians in this way either—they're interested

in objects. Objects. Tablecloths. Dishes. Vases. They talk endlessly

about how much each object costs. My mother's father is like this

too, my grandfather Rasmussen. Her whole family. They don't have

any dreams in them. They don't have any unreality. Everything is

made up of objects and what they cost and how much you can get

them for. She goes into people's houses and examines all the objects

and knows where they got half of them and tells them where they

THE HUMAN STAIN

could have got them for less. And clothing. Each object of clothing.

Same thing. Practicality. A bare-boned practicality about the whole

bunch of them. Thrifty. Extremely thrifty. Clean. Extremely clean.

She'll notice, when I come home from school, if I have one bit of

ink under one fingernail from filling a fountain pen. When she's

having guests on a Saturday evening, she sets the table Friday night

at about five o'clock. It's there, every glass, every piece of silver. And

then she throws a light gossamer thing over it so it won't get dust

specks on it. Everything organized perfectly. And a fantastically

good cook if you don't like any spices or salt or pepper. Or taste of

any kind. So that's my parents. I can't get to the bottom with her

particularly. On anything. It's all surface. She's organizing everything

and my father's disorganizing everything, and so I got to be

eighteen and graduated high school and came here. Since if I'd

gone up to Moorhead or North Dakota State, I'd still have to be living

at home, I said the heck with college and came to New York.

And so here I am. Steena."

That's how she explained who she was and where she came from

and why she'd left. For him it was not going to be so simple. Afterward,

he told himself. Afterward—that's when he could make his

explanations and ask her to understand how he could not allow his

prospects to be unjustly limited by so arbitrary a designation as

race. If she was calm enough to hear him out, he was sure he could

make her see why he had chosen to take the future into his own

hands rather than to leave it to an unenlightened society to determine

his fate—a society in which, more than eighty years after the

Emancipation Proclamation, bigots happened to play too large a

role to suit him. He would get her to see that far from there being

anything wrong with his decision to identify himself as white, it

was the most natural thing for someone with his outlook and temperament

and skin color to have done. All he'd ever wanted, from

earliest childhood on, was to be free: not black, not even white—

just on his own and free. He meant to insult no one by his choice,

nor was he trying to imitate anyone whom he took to be his superior,

nor was he staging some sort of protest against his race or hers.

SLIPPING THE PUNCH

He recognized that to conventional people for whom everything

was ready-made and rigidly unalterable what he was doing would

never look correct. But to dare to be nothing more than correct had

never been his aim. The objective was for his fate to be determined

not by the ignorant, hate-filled intentions of a hostile world but, to

whatever degree humanly possible, by his own resolve. Why accept

a life on any other terms?

This is what he would tell her. And wouldn't it all strike her as

nonsense, like one big sales pitch of a pretentious lie? Unless she

had first met his family—confronted head-on the fact that he was

as much a Negro as they were, and that they were as unlike what she

might imagine Negroes to be as he was—these words or any others

would seem to her only another form of concealment. Until she sat

down to dinner with Ernestine, Walt, and his mother, and they all

took a turn over the course of a day at swapping reassuring banalities,

whatever explanation he presented to her would sound like so

much preening, self-glorifying, self-justifying baloney, high-flown,

highfalutin talk whose falseness would shame him in her eyes no

less than in his own. No, he couldn't speak this shit either. It was beneath

him. If he wanted this girl for good, then it was boldness that

was required now and not an elocutionary snow job, a la Clarence

Silk.

In the week before the visit, though he didn't prepare anyone

else, he readied himself in the same concentrated way he used to

prepare mentally for a fight, and when they stepped off the train at

the Brick Church Station that Sunday, he even summoned up the

phrases that he always chanted semi-mystically in the seconds before

the bell sounded: "The task, nothing but the task. At one with

the task. Nothing else allowed in." Only then, at the bell, breaking

from his corner—or here, starting up the porch stairs to the front

door—did he add the ordinary Joe's call to arms: "Go to work."

The Silks had been in their one-family house since 1925, the year

before Coleman was born. When they got there, the rest of the

street was white, and the small frame house was sold to them by a

couple who were mad at the people next door and so were deter-

THE HUMAN STAIN

mined to sell it to colored to spite them. But no one in the private

houses ran because they'd moved in, and even if the Silks never

socialized with their neighbors, everyone was agreeable on that

stretch of street leading up toward the Episcopal rectory and

church. Agreeable even though the rector, when he arrived some

years earlier, had looked around, seen a fair number of Bahamians

and Barbadians, who were Church of England—many of them domestics

working for East Orange's white rich, many of them island

people who knew their place and sat at the back and thought they

were accepted—leaned on his pulpit, and, before beginning the sermon

on his first Sunday, said, "I see we have some colored families

here. We'll have to do something about that." After consulting with

the seminary in New York, he had seen to it that various services

and Sunday schools for the colored were conducted, outside basic

church law, in the colored families' houses. Later, the swimming

pool at the high school was shut down by the school superintendent

so that the white kids wouldn't have to swim with the colored

kids. A big swimming pool, used for swimming classes and a swimming

team, a part of the physical education program for years, but

since there were objections from some of the white kids' parents

who were employers of the black kids' parents—the ones working

as maids and housemen and chauffeurs and gardeners and yardmen

—the pool was drained and covered over.

Within the four square miles of this residential flyspeck of a Jersey

town of not quite seventy thousand people, as throughout the

country during Coleman's youth, there existed these rigid distinctions

between classes and races sanctified by the church and legitimized

by the schools. Yet on the Silks' own modest tree-lined side

street ordinary people needed not to be quite so responsible to God

and the state as those whose vocation it was to maintain a human

community, swimming pool and all, untainted by the impurities,

and so the neighbors were on the whole friendly with the ultrarespectable,

light-skinned Silks—Negroes, to be sure, but, in the

words of one tolerant mother of a kindergarten playmate of Coleman's,

"people of a very pleasing shade, rather like eggnog"—even

SLIPPING THE PUNCH

to the point of borrowing a tool or a ladder or helping to figure out

what was wrong with the car when it wouldn't start. The big apartment

house at the corner remained all white until after the war.

Then, in late 1945, when colored people began coming in at the Orange

end of the street—the families of professional men mainly, of

teachers, doctors, and dentists—there was a moving van outside

the apartment building every day, and half the white tenants disappeared

within months. But things soon settled down, and, though

the landlord of the apartment building began renting to colored

just in order to keep the place going, the whites who remained in

the immediate neighborhood stayed around until they had a reason

other than Negrophobia to leave.

Go to work. And he rang the doorbell and pushed open the front

door and called, "We're here."

Walt had been unable to make it up that day from Asbury Park

but there, coming out of the kitchen and into the hallway, were his

mother and Ernestine. And there, in their house, was his girl. She

may or may not have been what they were expecting. Coleman's

mother hadn't asked. Since he'd unilaterally made his decision to

join the navy as a white man, she hardly dared ask him anything,

for fear of what she might hear. She was prone now, outside the

hospital—where she had at last become the first colored head floor

nurse of a Newark hospital, and without help from Dr. Fensterman

—to let Walt take charge of her life and of the family altogether.

No, she hadn't asked anything about the girl, politely declined

to know, and encouraged Ernestine not to inquire. Coleman,

in turn, hadn't told anyone anything, and so, fair-complexioned as

fair could be, and—with her matching blue handbag and pumps, in

her cotton floral shirtwaist dress and her little white gloves and pillbox

hat—as immaculately trim and correct as any girl alive and

young in 1950, here was Steena Palsson, Iceland and Denmark's

American progeny, of the bloodline going back to King Canute and

beyond.

He had done it, got it his own way, and no one so much as

flinched. Talk about the ability of the species to adapt. Nobody

THE HUMAN STAIN

groped for words, nobody went silent, nor did anyone begin jabbering

a mile a minute. Commonplaces, yes, cornballisms, you

bet—generalities, truisms, cliches aplenty. Steena hadn't been

raised along the banks of the Otter Tail River for nothing: if it was

hackneyed, she knew how to say it. Chances were that if Coleman

had gotten to blindfold the three women before introducing them

and to keep them blindfolded throughout the day, their conversation

would have had no weightier a meaning than it had while they

smilingly looked one another right in the eye. Nor would it have

embodied an intention other than the standard one: namely, I

won't say anything you can possibly take offense with if you won't

say anything I can take offense with. Respectability at any cost—

that's where the Palssons and the Silks were one.

The point at which all three got addled was, strangely enough,

while discussing Steena's height. True, she was five eleven, nearly

three full inches taller than Coleman and six inches taller than either

his sister or his mother. But Coleman's father had been six one

and Walt was an inch and a half taller than that, so tallness in and

of itself was nothing new to the family, even if, with Steena and

Coleman, it was the woman who happened to be taller than the

man. Yet those three inches of Steena's—the distance, say, from her

hairline to her eyebrows—caused a careening conversation about

physical anomalies to veer precipitously close to disaster for some

fifteen minutes before Coleman smelled something acrid and the

women—the three of them—rushed for the kitchen to save the biscuits

from going up in flames.

After that, throughout dinner and until it was time for the young

couple to return to New York, it was all unflagging rectitude, externally

a Sunday like every nice family's dream of total Sunday happiness

and, consequently, strikingly in contrast with life, which, as experience

had already taught even the youngest of these four, could

not for half a minute running be purged of its inherent instability,

let alone be beaten down into a predictable essence.

Not until the train carrying Coleman and Steena back to New

SLIPPING THE PUNCH

York pulled into Pennsylvania Station early that evening did Steena

break down in tears.

As far as he knew, until then she had been fast asleep with her

head on his shoulder all the way from Jersey—virtually from the

moment they had boarded at Brick Church Station sleeping off the

exhaustion of the afternoon's effort at which she had so excelled.

"Steena—what is wrong?"

"I can't do it!" she cried, and, without another word of explanation,

gasping, violently weeping, clutching her bag to her chest—

and forgetting her hat, which was in his lap, where he'd been holding

it while she slept—she raced alone from the train as though

from an attacker and did not phone him or try ever to see him

again.

It was four years later, in 1954, that they nearly collided outside

Grand Central Station and stopped to take each other's hand and to

talk just long enough to stir up the original wonder they'd awakened

in each other at twenty-two and eighteen and then to walk on,

crushed by the certainty that nothing as statistically spectacular as

this chance meeting could possibly happen again. He was married

by then, an expectant father, in the city for the day from his job as a

classics instructor at Adelphi, and she was working in an ad agency

down the street on Lexington Avenue, still single, still pretty, but

womanly now, very much a smartly dressed New Yorker and clearly

someone with whom the trip to East Orange might have ended on

a different note if only it had taken place further down the line.

The way it might have ended—the conclusion against which reality

had decisively voted—was all he could think about. Stunned

by how little he'd gotten over her and she'd gotten over him, he

walked away understanding, as outside his reading in classical

Greek drama he'd never had to understand before, how easily life

can be one thing rather than another and how accidentally a destiny

is made . . . on the other hand, how accidental fate may seem

when things can never turn out other than they do. That is, he

walked away understanding nothing, knowing he could understand

THE HUMAN STAIN

nothing, though with the illusion that he would have metaphysically

understood something of enormous importance about this

stubborn determination of his to become his own man if. . . if only

such things were understandable.

The charming two-page letter she sent the next week, care of the

college, about how incredibly good he'd been at "swooping" their

first time together in his Sullivan Street room—"swooping, almost

like birds do when they fly over land or sea and spy something

moving, something bursting with life, and dive down . . . and seize

upon it"—began, "Dear Coleman, I was very happy to see you in

New York. Brief as our meeting was, after I saw you I felt an autumnal

sadness, perhaps because the six years since we first met make it

wrenchingly obvious how many days of my life are 'over.' You look

very good, and I'm glad you're happy . . ." and ended in a languid,

floating finale of seven little sentences and a wistful closing that,

after numerous rereadings, he took as the measure of her regret

for her loss, a veiled admission of remorse as well, poignantly signaling

to him a subaudible apology: "Well, that's it. That's enough.

I shouldn't even bother you. I promise I won't ever again. Take care.

Take care. Take care. Take care. Very fondly, Steena."

He never threw the letter away, and when he happened upon it in

his files and, in the midst of whatever else he was doing, paused to

look it over—having otherwise forgotten it for some five or six

years—he thought what he thought out on the street that day after

lightly kissing her cheek and saying goodbye to Steena forever: that

had she married him—as he'd wanted her to—she would have

known everything—as he had wanted her to—and what followed

with his family, with hers, with their own children, would have

been different from what it was with Iris. What happened with his

mother and Walt could as easily never have occurred. Had Steena

said fine, he would have lived another life.

/ can't do it. There was wisdom in that, an awful lot of wisdom

for a young girl, not the kind one ordinarily has at only twenty. But

that's why he'd fallen for her—because she had the wisdom that is

solid, thinking-for-yourself common sense. If she hadn't.. . but if

SLIPPING THE PUNCH

she hadn't, she wouldn't have been Steena, and he wouldn't have

wanted her as a wife.

He thought the same useless thoughts—useless to a man of no

great talent like himself, if not to Sophocles: how accidentally a fate

is made ... or how accidental it all may seem when it is inescapable.

As she first portrayed herself and her origins to Coleman, Iris

Gittelman had grown up willful, clever, furtively rebellious—

secretly plotting, from the second grade on, how to escape her oppressive

surroundings—in a Passaic household rumbling with hatred

for every form of social oppression, particularly the authority of

the rabbis and their impinging lies. Her Yiddish-speaking father, as

she characterized him, was such a thoroughgoing heretical anarchist

that he hadn't even had Iris's two older brothers circumcised,

nor had her parents bothered to acquire a marriage license or to

submit to a civil ceremony. They considered themselves husband

and wife, claimed to be American, even called themselves Jews,

these two uneducated immigrant atheists who spat on the ground

when a rabbi walked by. But they called themselves what they called

themselves freely, without asking permission or seeking approval

from what her father contemptuously described as the hypocritical

enemies of everything that was natural and good—namely, officialdom,

those illegitimately holding the power. On the cracking,

filth-caked wall over the soda fountain of the family candy store on

Myrtle Avenue—a cluttered shop so small, she said, "you couldn't

bury the five of us there side by side"—hung two framed pictures,

one of Sacco, the other of Vanzetti, photographs torn from the rotogravure

section of the newspaper. Every August 22—the anniversary

of the day in 1927 when Massachusetts executed the two

anarchists for murders Iris and her brothers were taught to believe

neither man had committed—business was suspended and the

family retreated upstairs to the tiny, dim apartment whose lunatic

disorder exceeded even the store's, so as to observe a day of fasting.

This was a ritual Iris's father had, like a cult leader, dreamed up all

on his own, modeling it wackily on the Jewish Day of Atonement.

THE HUMAN STAIN

Her father had no real ideas about what he thought of as ideas—all

that ran deep was desperate ignorance and the bitter hopelessness

of dispossession, the impotent revolutionary hatred. Everything

was said with a clenched fist, and everything was a harangue. He

knew the names Kropotkin and Bakunin, but nothing of their writings,

and the anarchist Yiddish weekly Freie Arbeiter Stimme, which

he was always carrying around their apartment, he rarely read more

than a few words of each night before dropping off to sleep. Her

parents, she explained to Coleman—and all this dramatically, scandalously

dramatically, in a Bleecker Street café minutes after he had

picked her up in Washington Square—her parents were simple

people in the grips of a pipe dream that they could not begin to articulate

or rationally defend but for which they were zealously willing

to sacrifice friends, relatives, business, the good will of neighbors,

even their own sanity, even their children's sanity. They knew

only what they had nothing in common with, which to Iris, the

older she got, appeared to be everything. Society as it was constituted

—its forces all in constant motion, the intricate underwebbing

of interests stretched to its limit, the battle for advantage that

is ongoing, the subjugation that is ongoing, the factional collisions

and collusions, the shrewd jargon of morality, the benign despot

that is convention, the unstable illusion of stability—society as it

was made, always has been and must be made, was as foreign to

them as was King Arthur's court to the Connecticut Yankee. And

yet, this wasn't because they'd been bound by the strongest ties to

some other time and place and then forcefully set down in a wholly

alien world: they were more like people who'd stepped directly into

adulthood from the cradle, having had no intervening education in

how human beastliness is run and ruled. Iris could not decide, from

the time she was a tot, whether she was being raised by crackpots or

visionaries, or whether the passionate loathing she was meant to

share was a revelation of the awful truth or utterly ridiculous and

possibly insane.

All that afternoon she told Coleman folklorishly enchanting stories

that made having survived growing up above the Passaic candy

SLIPPING THE PUNCH

store as the daughter of such vividly benighted individualists as

Morris and Ethel Gittelman appear to have been a grim adventure

not so much out of Russian literature as out of the Russian funny

papers, as though the Gittelmans had been the deranged next-door

neighbors in a Sunday comic strip called "The Karamazov Kids." It

was a strong, brilliant performance for a girl barely nineteen years

old who had fled from Jersey across the Hudson—as who among

his Village acquaintances wasn't fleeing, and from places as far away

as Amarillo?—without any idea of being anything other than free, a

new impoverished exotic on the Eighth Street stage, a theatrically

big-featured, vivacious dark girl, emotionally a dynamic force and,

in the parlance of the moment, "stacked," a student uptown at the

Art Students League who partly earned her scholarship there modeling

for the life drawing classes, someone whose style was to hide

nothing and who appeared to have no more fear of creating a stir in

a public place than a belly dancer. Her head of hair was something,

a labyrinthine, billowing wreath of spirals and ringlets, fuzzy as

twine and large enough for use as Christmas ornamentation. All

the disquiet of her childhood seemed to have passed into the convolutions

of her sinuous thicket of hair. Her irreversible hair. You

could polish pots with it and no more alter its construction than if

it were harvested from the inky depths of the sea, some kind of wiry

reef-building organism, a dense living onyx hybrid of coral and

shrub, perhaps possessing medicinal properties.

For three hours she held Coleman entranced by her comedy, her

outrage, her hair, and by her flair for manufacturing excitement, by

a frenzied, untrained adolescent intellect and an actressy ability

to enkindle herself and believe her every exaggeration that made

Coleman—a cunning self-concoction if ever there was one, a product

on which no one but he held a patent—feel by comparison like

somebody with no conception of himself at all.

But when he got her back to Sullivan Street that evening, everything

changed. It turned out that she had no idea in the world who

she was. Once you'd made your way past the hair, all she was was

molten. The antithesis of the arrow aimed at life who was twenty-

THE HUMAN STAIN

five-year-old Coleman Silk—a self-freedom fighter too, but the agitated

version, the anarchist version, of someone wanting to find her

way.

It wouldn't have fazed her for five minutes to learn that he had

been born and raised in a colored family and identified himself as a

Negro nearly all his life, nor would she have been burdened in the

slightest by keeping that secret for him if it was what he'd asked her

to do. A tolerance for the unusual was not one of Iris Gittelman's

deficiencies—unusual to her was what most conformed to the

standards of legitimacy. To be two men instead of one? To be two

colors instead of one? To walk the streets incognito or in disguise,

to be neither this nor that but something in between? To be possessed

of a double or a triple or a quadruple personality? To her

there was nothing frightening about such seeming deformities.

Iris's open-mindedness wasn't even a moral quality of the sort

liberals and libertarians pride themselves on; it was more on the

order of a mania, the cracked antithesis of bigotry. The expectations

indispensable to most people, the assumption of meaning,

the confidence in authority, the sanctification of coherence and order,

struck her as nothing else in life did—as nonsensical, as totally

nuts. Why would things happen as they do and history read as it

does if inherent to existence was something called normalcy?

And yet, what he told Iris was that he was Jewish, Silk being an

Ellis Island attenuation of Silberzweig, imposed on his father by a

charitable customs official. He even bore the biblical mark of circumcision,

as not many of his East Orange Negro friends did in

that era. His mother, working as a nurse at a hospital staffed predominantly

by Jewish doctors, was convinced by burgeoning medical

opinion of the significant hygienic benefits of circumcision, and

so the Silks had arranged for the rite that was traditional among

Jews—and that was beginning, back then, to be elected as a postnatal

surgical procedure by an increasing number of Gentile parents

—to be performed by a doctor on each of their infant boys in

the second week of life.

Coleman had been allowing that he was Jewish for several years

SLIPPING THE PUNCH

now—or letting people think so if they chose to—since coming to

realize that at NYU as in his cafe hangouts, many people he knew

seemed to have been assuming he was a Jew all along. What he'd

learned in the navy is that all you have to do is give a pretty good

and consistent line about yourself and nobody ever inquires, because

no one's that interested. His NYU and Village acquaintances

could as easily have surmised—as buddies of his had in the service

—that he was of Middle Eastern descent, but as this was a

moment when Jewish self-infatuation was at a postwar pinnacle

among the Washington Square intellectual avant-garde, when the

aggrandizing appetite driving their Jewish mental audacity was

beginning to look to be uncontrollable and an aura of cultural

significance emanated as much from their jokes and their family

anecdotes, from their laughter and their clowning and their wisecracks

and their arguments—even from their insults—as from

Commentary, Midstream, and the Partisan Review, who was he not

to go along for the ride, especially as his high school years assisting

Doc Chizner as a boxing instructor of Essex County Jewish kids

made claiming a New Jersey Jewish boyhood not so laden with pitfalls

as pretending to being a U.S. sailor with Syrian or Lebanese

roots. Taking on the ersatz prestige of an aggressively thinking, selfanalytic,

irreverent American Jew reveling in the ironies of the marginal

Manhattan existence turned out to be nothing like so reckless

as it might have seemed had he spent years dreaming up and elaborating

the disguise on his own, and yet, pleasurably enough, it felt

spectacularly reckless—and when he remembered Dr. Fensterman,

who'd offered his family three thousand dollars for Coleman to

take a dive on his final exams so as to make brilliant Bert the class

valedictorian, it struck him as spectacularly comical too, a colossal

sui generis score-settling joke. What a great all-encompassing idea

the world had had to turn him into this—what sublimely earthly

mischief. If ever there was a perfect one-of-a-kind creation—and

hadn't singularity been his inmost ego-driven ambition all along?

—it was this magical convergence into his father's Fensterman son.

No longer was he playing at something. With Iris—the churned-

THE HUMAN STAIN

up, untamed, wholly un-Steena-like, non-Jewish Jewish Iris—as

the medium through which to make himself anew, he'd finally got

it right. He was no longer trying on and casting off, endlessly practicing

and preparing to be. This was it, the solution, the secret to his

secret, flavored with just a drop of the ridiculous—the redeeming,

reassuring ridiculous, life's little contribution to every human decision.

As a heretofore unknown amalgam of the most unalike of America's

historic undesirables, he now made sense.

There was an interlude, however. After Steena and before Iris there

was a five-month interlude named Ellie Magee, a petite, shapely

colored girl, tawny-skinned, lightly freckled across the nose and

cheeks, in appearance not quite over the dividing line between adolescence

and womanhood, who worked at the Village Door Shop

on Sixth Avenue, excitedly selling shelving units for books and selling

doors—doors on legs for desks and doors on legs for beds. The

tired old Jewish guy who owned the place said that hiring Ellie had

increased his business by fifty percent. "I had nothing going here,"

he told Coleman. "Eking out a living. But now every guy in the Village

wants a door for a desk. People come in, they don't ask for

me—they ask for Ellie. They call on the phone, they want to talk to

Ellie. This little gal has changed everything." It was true, nobody

could resist her, including Coleman, who was struck, first, by her

legs up on high heels and then with all her naturalness. Goes out

with white NYU guys who are drawn to her, goes out with colored

NYU guys who are drawn to her—a sparkling twenty-three-yearold

kid, as yet wounded by nothing, who has moved to the Village

from Yonkers, where she grew up, and is living the unconventional

life with a small u, the Village life as advertised. She is a find, and so

Coleman goes in to buy a desk he doesn't need and that night takes

her for a drink. After Steena and the shock of losing someone he'd

so much wanted, he is having a good time again, he's alive again,

and all this from the moment they start flirting in the store. Does

she think he's a white guy in the store? He doesn't know. Interest-

SLIPPING THE PUNCH

ing. Then that evening she laughs and, comically squinting at him,

says, "What are you anyway?" Right out she spots something and

goes ahead and says it. But now the sweat is not pouring off him as

it did when he misread Steena's poem. "What am I? Play it any way

you like," Coleman says. "Is that the way you play it?" she asks. "Of

course that's the way I play it," he says. "So white girls think you're

white?" "Whatever they think," he says, "I let them think." "And

whatever I think?" Ellie asks. "Same deal," Coleman says. That's the

little game they play, and that becomes the excitement for them,

playing the ambiguity of it. He's not that close to anybody particularly,

but the guys he knows from school think he's taking out a colored

girl, and her friends all think she's going around with a white

guy. There's some real fun in having other people find them important,

and most everywhere they go, people do. It's 1951. Guys ask

Coleman, "What's she like?" "Hot," he says, drawing the word out

while floppily wiggling one hand the way the Italians did back in

East Orange. There's a day-to-day, second-to-second kick in all this,

a little movie-star magnitude to his life now: he's always in a scene

when he's out with Ellie. Nobody on Eighth Street knows what the

hell is going on, and he enjoys that. She's got the legs. She laughs all

the time. She's a woman in a natural way—full of ease and a lively

innocence that's enchanting to him. Something like Steena, except

she's not white, with the result that they don't go rushing off to visit

his family and they don't go visiting hers. Why should they? They

live in the Village. Taking her to East Orange doesn't even occur to

him. Maybe it's because he doesn't want to hear the sigh of relief, to

be told, even wordlessly, that he's doing the right thing. He thinks

about his motivation for bringing Steena home. To be honest with

everyone? And what did that achieve? No, no families—not for now

anyway.

Meanwhile, he so enjoys being with her that one night the truth

just comes bubbling out. Even about his being a boxer, which he

could never tell Steena. It's so easy to tell Ellie. That she's not disapproving

gives her another boost up in his estimation. She's not conventional

—and yet so sound. He is dealing with someone utterly

THE HUMAN STAIN

unnarrow-minded. The splendid girl wants to hear it all. And so he

talks, and without restraints he is an extraordinary talker, and Ellie

is enthralled. He tells her about the navy. He tells her about his family,

which turns out to be a family not much different from hers, except

that her father, a pharmacist with a drugstore in Harlem, is living,

and though he isn't happy about her having moved to the

Village, fortunately for Ellie he can't stop himself from adoring her.

Coleman tells her about Howard and how he couldn't stand the

place. They talk a lot about Howard because that was where her

parents had wanted her to go too. And always, whatever they're

talking about, he finds he is effortlessly making her laugh. "I'd

never seen so many colored people before, not even in south Jersey

at the family reunion. Howard University looked to me like just too

many Negroes in one place. Of all persuasions, of every stripe, but I

just did not want to be around them like that. Did not at all see

what it had to do with me. Everything there was just so concentrated

that any sort of pride I ever had was diminished. Completely

diminished by a concentrated, false environment." "Like a soda

that's too sweet," Ellie said. "Well," he told her, "it's not so much

that too much has been put in, it's that everything else has been

taken out." Talking openly with Ellie, Coleman finds all his relief.

True, he's not a hero anymore, but then he's not in any way a villain

either. Yes, she's a contender, this one. Her transcendence into independence,

her transformation into a Village girl, the way she handles

her folks—she seems to have grown up the way you're supposed

to be able to.

One evening she takes him around to a tiny Bleecker Street

jewelry shop where the white guy who owns it makes beautiful

things out of enamel. Just shopping the street, out looking, but

when they leave she tells Coleman that the guy is black. "You're

wrong," Coleman tells her, "he can't be." "Don't tell me that I'm

wrong"—she laughs—"you're blind." Another night, near midnight,

she takes him to a bar on Hudson Street where painters congregate

to drink. "See that one? The smoothie?" she says in a soft

voice, inclining her head toward a good-looking white guy in his

SLIPPING THE PUNCH

mid-twenties charming all the girls at the bar. "Him," she says.

"No," says Coleman, who's the one laughing now. "You're in Greenwich

Village, Coleman Silk, the four freest square miles in America.

There's one on every other block. You're so vain, you thought you'd

dreamed it up yourself." And if she knows of three—which she

does, positively—there are ten, if not more. "From all over everywhere,"

she says, "they make straight for Eighth Street. Just like you

did from little East Orange." "And," he says, "I don't see it at all."

And that too makes them laugh, laugh and laugh and laugh because

he is hopeless and cannot see it in others and because Ellie is

his guide, pointing them out.

In the beginning, he luxuriates in the solution to his problem.

Losing the secret, he feels like a boy again. The boy he'd been before

he had the secret. A kind of imp again. He gets from all her naturalness

the pleasure and ease of being natural himself. If you're going

to be a knight and a hero, you're armored, and what he gets now is

the pleasure of being unarmored. "You're a lucky man," Ellie's boss

tells him. "A lucky man," he repeats, and means it. With Ellie the secret

is no longer operative. It's not only that he can tell her everything

and that he does, it's that if and when he wants to, he can now

go home. He can deal with his brother, and the other way, he

knows, he could never have. His mother and he can go on back and

resume being as close and easygoing as they always were. And then

he meets Iris, and that's it. It's been fun with Ellie, and it continues

to be fun, but some dimension is missing. The whole thing lacks the

ambition—it fails to feed that conception of himself that's been

driving him all his life. Along comes Iris and he's back in the ring.

His father had said to him, "Now you can retire undefeated. You're

retired." But here he comes roaring out of his corner—he has the

secret again. And the gift to be secretive again, which is hard to

come by. Maybe there are a dozen more guys like him hanging

around the Village. But not just everybody has that gift. That is,

they have it, but in petty ways: they simply lie all the time. They're

not secretive in the grand and elaborate way that Coleman is. He's

back on the trajectory outward. He's got the elixir of the secret, and

THE HUMAN STAIN

it's like being fluent in another language—it's being somewhere

that is constantly fresh to you. He's lived without it, it was fine,

nothing horrible happened, it wasn't objectionable. It was fun. Innocent

fun. But insufficiently everything else. Sure, he'd regained

his innocence. Ellie gave him that all right. But what use is innocence?

Iris gives more. She raises everything to another pitch. Iris

gives him back his life on the scale he wants to live it.

Two years after they met, they decided to get married, and that was

when, for this license he'd taken, this freedom he'd sounded, the

choices he had dared to make—and could he really have been any

more artful or clever in arriving at an actable self big enough to

house his ambition and formidable enough to take on the world?—

the first large payment was exacted.

Coleman went over to East Orange to see his mother. Mrs. Silk

did not know of Iris Gittelman's existence, though she wasn't at all

surprised when he told her that he was going to get married and

that the girl was white. She wasn't even surprised when he told her

that the girl didn't know he was colored. If anyone was surprised,

it was Coleman, who, having openly declared his intention, all at

once wondered if this entire decision, the most monumental of

his life, wasn't based on the least serious thing imaginable: Iris's

hair, that sinuous thicket of hair that was far more Negroid than

Coleman's—more like Ernestine's hair than his. As a little girl,

Ernestine was famous for asking, "Why don't I have blow hair like

Mommy?"—meaning, why didn't her hair blow in the breeze, not

only like her mother's but like the hair of all the women on the maternal

side of the family.

In the face of his mother's anguish, there floated through Coleman

the eerie, crazy fear that all that he had ever wanted from Iris

Gittelman was the explanation her appearance could provide for

the texture of their children's hair.

But how could a motive as bluntly, as dazzlingly utilitarian as

that have escaped his attention till now? Because it wasn't in any

SLIPPING THE PUNCH

way true? Seeing his mother suffering like this—inwardly shaken by

his own behavior and yet resolved, as Coleman always was, to carry

through to the finish—how could this startling idea seem to him

anything other than true? Even as he remained seated across from

his mother in what appeared to be a state of perfect self-control, he

had the definite impression that he had just chosen a wife for the

stupidest reason in the world and that he was the emptiest of men.

"And she believes your parents are dead, Coleman. That's what

you told her."

"That's right."

"You have no brother, you have no sister. There is no Ernestine.

There is no Walt."

He nodded.

"And? What else did you tell her?"

"What else do you think I told her?"

"Whatever it suited you to tell her." That was as harsh as she got

all afternoon. Her capacity for anger never had been and never

would be able to extend to him. The mere sight of him, from the

moment of his birth, stimulated feelings against which she had no

defenses and that had nothing to do with what he was worthy of.

"I'm never going to know my grandchildren," she said.

He had prepared himself. The important thing was to forget

about Iris's hair and let her speak, let her find her fluency and, from

the soft streaming of her own words, create for him his apologia.

"You're never going to let them see me," she said. "You're never

going to let them know who I am. 'Mom,' you'll tell me, 'Ma, you

come to the railroad station in New York, and you sit on the bench

in the waiting room, and at eleven twenty-five A.M., I'll walk by

with my kids in their Sunday best.' That'll be my birthday present

five years from now. 'Sit there, Mom, say nothing, and I'll just walk

them slowly by.' And you know very well that I will be there. The

railroad station. The zoo. Central Park. Wherever you say, of course

I'll do it. You tell me the only way I can ever touch my grandchildren

is for you to hire me to come over as Mrs. Brown to baby-sit

THE HUMAN STAIN

and put them to bed, I'll do it. Tell me to come over as Mrs. Brown

to clean your house, I'll do that. Sure I'll do what you tell me. I have

no choice."

"Don't you?"

"A choice? Yes? What is my choice, Coleman?"

"To disown me."

Almost mockingly, she pretended to give that idea some thought.

"I suppose I could be that ruthless with you. Yes, that's possible, I

suppose. But where do you think I'm going to find the strength to

be that ruthless with myself?"

It was not a moment for him to be recalling his childhood. It was

not a moment for him to be admiring her lucidity or her sarcasm

or her courage. It was not a moment to allow himself to be subjugated

by the all-but-pathological phenomenon of mother love. It

was not a moment for him to be hearing all the words that she was

not saying but that were sounded more tellingly even than what she

did say. It was not a moment to think thoughts other than the

thoughts he'd come armed with. It was certainly not a moment to

resort to explanations, to start brilliantly toting up the advantages

and the disadvantages and pretend that this was no more than a

logical decision. There was no explanation that could begin to address

the outrage of what he was doing to her. It was a moment to

deepen his focus on what he was there to achieve. If disowning him

was a choice foreclosed to her, then taking the blow was all she

could do. Speak quietly, say little, forget Iris's hair, and, for however

long is required, let her continue to employ her words to absorb

into her being the brutality of the most brutal thing he had ever

done.

He was murdering her. You don't have to murder your father.

The world will do that for you. There are plenty of forces out to get

your father. The world will take care of him, as it had indeed taken

care of Mr. Silk. Who there is to murder is the mother, and that's

what he saw he was doing to her, the boy who'd been loved as he'd

been loved by this woman. Murdering her on behalf of his exhilarating

notion of freedom! It would have been much easier without

SLIPPING THE PUNCH

her. But only through this test can he be the man he has chosen to

be, unalterably separated from what he was handed at birth, free to

struggle at being free like any human being would wish to be free.

To get that from life, the alternate destiny, on one's own terms, he

must do what must be done. Don't most people want to walk out of

the fucking lives they've been handed? But they don't, and that's

what makes them them, and this was what was making him him.

Throw the punch, do the damage, and forever lock the door. You

can't do this to a wonderful mother who loves you unconditionally

and has made you happy, you can't inflict this pain and then think

you can go back on it. It's so awful that all you can do is live with it.

Once you've done a thing like this, you have done so much violence

it can never be undone—which is what Coleman wants. It's like that

moment at West Point when the guy was going down. Only the referee

could save him from what Coleman had it in him to do. Then

as now, he was experiencing the power of it as a fighter. Because

that is the test too, to give the brutality of the repudiation its real,

unpardonable human meaning, to confront with all the realism

and clarity possible the moment when your fate intersects with

something enormous. This is his. This man and his mother. This

woman and her beloved son. If, in the service of honing himself, he

is out to do the hardest thing imaginable, this is it, short of stabbing

her. This takes him right to the heart of the matter. This is the major

act of his life, and vividly, consciously, he feels its immensity.

"I don't know why I'm not better prepared for this, Coleman. I

should be," she said. "You've been giving fair warning almost from

the day you got here. You were seriously disinclined even to take the

breast. Yes, you were. Now I see why. Even that might delay your escape.

There was always something about our family, and I don't

mean color—there was something about us that impeded you. You

think like a prisoner. You do, Coleman Brutus. You're white as snow

and you think like a slave."

It was not a moment to give credence to her intelligence, to take

even the most appealing turn of phrase as the embodiment of some

special wisdom. It often happened that his mother could say some-

THE HUMAN STAIN

thing that made it sound as though she knew more than she did.

The rational other side. That was what came of leaving the orating

to his father and so seeming by comparison to say what counted.

"Now, I could tell you that there is no escape, that all your attempts

to escape will only lead you back to where you began. That's

what your father would tell you. And there'd be something in Julius

Caesar to back him up. But for a young man like you, whom everybody

falls for? A good-looking, charming, clever young fellow with

your physique, your determination, your shrewdness, with all your

wonderful gifts? You with your green eyes and your long dark

lashes? Why, this should cause you no trouble at all. I expect coming

to see me is about as hard as it's going to get, and look how

calmly you're sitting here. And that is because you know what

you're doing makes great sense, I know it makes sense, because you

would not pursue a goal that didn't. Of course you will have disappointments.

Of course little is going to turn out as you imagine it,

sitting so calmly across from me. Your special destiny will be special

all right—but how? Twenty-six years old—you can't begin to know.

But wouldn't the same be true if you did nothing? I suppose any

profound change in life involves saying 'I don't know you' to someone."

She went on for nearly two hours, a long speech about his autonomy

dating back to infancy, expertly taking in the pain by delineating

all she was up against and couldn't hope to oppose and would

have to endure, during which Coleman did all he could not to

notice—in the simplest things, like the thinning of her hair (his

mother's hair, not Iris's hair) and the jutting of her head, the swelling

of her ankles, the bloating of her belly, the exaggerated splay of

her large teeth—how much further along toward her death she'd

been drawn since the Sunday three years back when she'd done everything

gracious she could to put Steena at her ease. At some point

midway through the afternoon, she seemed to Coleman to step up

to the very edge of the big change: the point of turning, as the elderly

do, into a tiny, misshapen being. The longer she talked, the

more he believed he was seeing this happen. He tried not to think

SLIPPING THE PUNCH

about the disease that would kill her, about the funeral they would

give her, about the tributes that would be read and the prayers offered

up at the side of her grave. But then he tried not to think

about her going on living either, of his leaving and her being here

and alive, the years passing and her thinking about him and his

children and his wife, more years passing and the connection between

the two of them only growing stronger for her because of its

denial.

Neither his mother's longevity nor her mortality could be allowed

to have any bearing on what he was doing, nor could the

struggles her family had been through in Lawnside, where she'd

been born in a dilapidated shack and lived with her parents and

four brothers until her father died when she was seven. Her father's

people had been in Lawnside, New Jersey, since 1855. They were

runaway slaves, brought north on the Underground Railroad from

Maryland and into southwest Jersey by the Quakers. The Negroes

first called the place Free Haven. No whites lived there then, and

only a handful did now, out on the fringes of a town of a couple of

thousand where just about everybody was descended from runaway

slaves whom the Haddonfield Quakers had protected—the

mayor was descended from them, the fire chief, the police chief,

the tax collector, the teachers in the grade school, the kids in the

grade school. But the uniqueness of Lawnside as a Negro town had

no bearing on anything either. Nor did the uniqueness of Gouldtown,

farther south in Jersey, down by Cape May. That's where

her mother's people were from, and that's where the family went to

live after the death of her father. Another settlement of colored

people, many nearly white, including her own grandmother, everyone

somehow related to everyone else. "Way, way back," as she used

to explain to Coleman when he was a boy—simplifying and condensing

as best she could all the lore she'd ever heard—a slave was

owned by a Continental Army soldier who'd been killed in the

French and Indian War. The slave looked after the soldier's widow.

He did everything, from dawn to dark didn't stop doing what

needed to be done. He chopped and hauled the wood, gathered the

THE HUMAN STAIN

crops, excavated and built a cabbage house and stowed the cabbages

there, stored the pumpkins, buried the apples, turnips, and

potatoes in the ground for winter, stacked the rye and wheat in the

barn, slaughtered the pig, salted the pork, slaughtered the cow and

corned the beef, until one day the widow married him and they had

three sons. And those sons married Gouldtown girls whose families

reached back to the settlement's origins in the 1600s, families that

by the Revolution were all intermarried and thickly intermingled.

One or another or all of them, she said, were descendants of the

Indian from the large Lenape settlement at Indian Fields who married

a Swede—locally Swedes and Finns had superseded the original

Dutch settlers—and who had five children with her; one or another

or all were descendants of the two mulatto brothers brought

from the West Indies on a trading ship that sailed up the river from

Greenwich to Bridgeton, where they were indentured to the landowners

who had paid their passage and who themselves later paid

the passage of two Dutch sisters to come from Holland to become

their wives; one or another or all were descendants of the granddaughter

of John Fenwick, an English baronet's son, a cavalry officer

in Cromwell's Commonwealth army and a member of the

Society of Friends who died in New Jersey not that many years

after New Cesarea (the province lying between the Hudson and the

Delaware that was deeded by the brother of the king of England to

two English proprietors) became New Jersey. Fenwick died in 1683

and was buried somewhere in the personal colony he purchased,

founded, and governed, and which stretched north of Bridgeton to

Salem and south and east to the Delaware.

Fenwick's nineteen-year-old granddaughter, Elizabeth Adams,

married a colored man, Gould. "That black that hath been the ruin

of her" was her grandfather's description of Gould in the will from

which he excluded Elizabeth from any share of his estate until such

time as "the Lord open her eyes to see her abominable transgression

against Him." As the story had it, only one son of the five sons

of Gould and Elizabeth survived to maturity, and he was Benjamin

Gould, who married a Finn, Ann. Benjamin died in 1777, the year

SLIPPING THE PUNCH

after the signing of the Declaration of Independence across the

Delaware in Philadelphia, leaving a daughter, Sarah, and four sons,

Anthony, Samuel, Abijah, and Elisha, from whom Gouldtown took

its name.

Through his mother, Coleman learned the maze of family history

going back to the days of aristocratic John Fenwick, who was

to that southwestern region of New Jersey what William Penn was

to the part of Pennsylvania that encompassed Philadelphia—and

from whom it sometimes seemed all of Gouldtown had descended

—and then he heard it again, though never the same in all

its details, from great-aunts and great-uncles, from great-greataunts

and -uncles, some of them people close to a hundred, when,

as children, he, Walt, and Ernestine went with their parents down

to Gouldtown for the annual reunion—almost two hundred relatives

from southwest Jersey, from Philadelphia, from Atlantic City,

from as far off as Boston, eating fried bluefish, stewed chicken, fried

chicken, homemade ice cream, sugared peaches, pies, and cakes—

eating favorite family dishes and playing baseball and singing songs

and reminiscing all day long, telling stories about the women way

back spinning and knitting, boiling fat pork and baking huge

breads for the men to take to the fields, making the clothes, drawing

the water from the well, administering medicines obtained mainly

from the woods, herb infusions to treat measles, the syrups of molasses

and onions to counter whooping cough. Stories about family

women who kept a dairy making fine cheeses, about women who

went to the city of Philadelphia to become housekeepers, dressmakers,

and schoolteachers, and about women at home of remarkable

hospitality. Stories about the men in the woods, trapping and

shooting the winter game for meat, about the farmers plowing the

fields, cutting the cordwood and the rails for fences, buying, selling,

slaughtering the cattle, and the prosperous ones, the dealers, selling

tons of salt hay for packing to the Trenton pottery works, hay cut

from the salt marsh they owned along the bay and river shores.

Stories about the men who left the woods, the farm, the marsh, and

the cedar swamp to serve—some as white soldiers, some as black—

THE HUMAN STAIN

in the Civil War. Stories about men who went to sea to become

blockade runners and who went to Philadelphia to become undertakers,

printers, barbers, electricians, cigar makers, and ministers in

the African Methodist Episcopal Church—one who went to Cuba

to ride with Teddy Roosevelt and his Rough Riders, and a few men

who got in trouble, ran away, and never came back. Stories about

family children like themselves, often dressed poorly, without shoes

sometimes or coats, asleep on winter nights in the freezing rooms

of simple houses, in the heat of summer pitching, loading, and

hauling hay with the men, but taught manners by their parents, and

catechized in the schoolhouse by the Presbyterians—where they

also learned to spell and read—and always eating all they wanted,

even in those days, of pork and potatoes and bread and molasses

and game, and growing up strong and healthy and honest.

But one no more decides not to become a boxer because of the

history of Lawnside's runaway slaves, the abundance of everything

at the Gouldtown reunions, and the intricacy of the family's American

genealogy—or not to become a teacher of classics because of

the history of Lawnside's runaway slaves, the abundance of the

Gouldtown reunions, and the intricacy of the family's American

genealogy—than one decides not to become anything else for such

reasons. Many things vanish out of a family's life. Lawnside is one,

Gouldtown another, genealogy a third, and Coleman Silk was a

fourth.

Over these last fifty years or more, he was not the first child, either,

who'd heard about the harvesting of the salt hay for the Trenton

pottery works or eaten fried bluefish and sugared peaches at the

Gouldtown reunions and grown up to vanish like this—to vanish,

as they used to say in the family, "till all trace of him was lost." "Lost

himself to all his people" was another way they put it.

Ancestor worship—that's how Coleman put it. Honoring the

past was one thing—the idolatry that is ancestor worship was something

else. The hell with that imprisonment.

That night after coming back to the Village from East Orange,

Coleman got a call from his brother in Asbury Park that took things

SLIPPING THE PUNCH

further faster than he had planned. "Don't you ever come around

her," Walt warned him, and his voice was resonant with something

barely suppressed—all the more frightening for being suppressed—

that Coleman hadn't heard since his father's time. There's another

force in that family, pushing him now all the way over on the other

side. The act was committed in 1953 by an audacious young man in

Greenwich Village, by a specific person in a specific place at a

specific time, but now he will be over on the other side forever. Yet

that, as he discovers, is exactly the point: freedom is dangerous.

Freedom is very dangerous. And nothing is on your own terms for

long. "Don't you even try to see her. No contact. No calls. Nothing.

Never. Hear me?" Walt said. "Never. Don't you dare ever show your

lily-white face around that house again!"

3

What Do You Do with the Kid

Who Can't Read?

IF CLINTON had fucked her in the ass, she might have shut her

mouth. Bill Clinton is not the man they say he is. Had he turned her

over in the Oval Office and fucked her in the ass, none of this would

have happened."

"Well, he never dominated her. He played it safe."

"You see, once he got to the White House, he didn't dominate

anymore. Couldn't. He didn't dominate Willey either. That's why

she got angry with him. Once he became president, he lost his Arkansas

ability to dominate women. So long as he was attorney general

and governor of an obscure little state, that was perfect for

him."

"Sure. Gennifer Flowers."

"What happens in Arkansas? If you fall when you're still back in

Arkansas, you don't fall from a very great height."

"Right. And you're expected to be an ass man. There's a tradition."

"But when you get to the White House, you can't dominate. And

when you can't dominate, then Miss Willey turns against you, and

Miss Monica turns against you. Her loyalty would have been earned

WHAT DO YOU D O . . . ?

by fucking her in the ass. That should be the pact. That should seal

you together. But there was no pact."

"Well, she was frightened. She was close to not saying anything,

you know. Starr overwhelmed her. Eleven guys in the room with

her at that hotel? Hitting on her? It was a gang bang. It was a gang

rape that Starr staged there at that hotel."

"Yeah. True. But she was talking to Linda Tripp."

"Oh, right."

"She was talking to everybody. She's part of that dopey culture.

Yap, yap, yap. Part of this generation that is proud of its shallowness.

The sincere performance is everything. Sincere and empty, totally

empty. The sincerity that goes in all directions. The sincerity

that is worse than falseness, and the innocence that is worse than

corruption. All the rapacity hidden under the sincerity. And under

the lingo. This wonderful language they all have—that they appear

to believe—about their lack of self-worth,' all the while what they

actually believe is that they're entitled to everything. Their shamelessness

they call lovingness, and the ruthlessness is camouflaged as

lost 'self-esteem.' Hitler lacked self-esteem too. That was his problem.

It's a con these kids have going. The hyperdramatization of the

pettiest emotions. Relationship. My relationship. Clarify my relationship.

They open their mouths and they send me up the wall.

Their whole language is a summation of the stupidity of the last

forty years. Closure. There's one. My students cannot stay in that

place where thinking must occur. Closure! They fix on the conventionalized

narrative, with its beginning, middle, and end—every

experience, no matter how ambiguous, no matter how knotty or

mysterious, must lend itself to this normalizing, conventionalizing,

anchorman cliche. Any kid who says 'closure' I flunk. They want

closure, there's their closure."

"Well, whatever she is—a total narcissist, a conniving little bitch,

the most exhibitionistic Jewish girl in the history of Beverly Hills,

utterly corrupted by privilege—he knew it all beforehand. He

could read her. If he can't read Monica Lewinsky, how can he read

Saddam Hussein? If he can't read and outfox Monica Lewinsky, the

THE HUMAN STAIN

guy shouldn't be president. There's genuine grounds for impeachment.

No, he saw it. He saw it all. I don't think he was hypnotized by

her cover story for long. That she was totally corrupt and totally innocent,

of course he saw it. The extreme innocence was the corruption

—it was her corruption and her madness and her cunning.

That was her force, that combination. That she had no depth, that

was her charm at the end of his day of being commander in chief.

The intensity of the shallowness was its appeal. Not to mention the

shallowness of the intensity. The stories about her childhood. The

boasting about her adorable willfulness: 'See, I was three but I was

already a personality.' I'm sure he understood that everything he

did that didn't conform to her delusions was going to be yet another

brutal blow to her self-esteem. But what he didn't see was that

he had to fuck her in the ass. Why? To shut her up. Strange behavior

in our president. It was the first thing she showed him. She stuck it

in his face. She offered it to him. And he did nothing about it. I

don't get this guy. Had he fucked her in the ass, I doubt she would

have talked to Linda Tripp. Because she wouldn't have wanted to

talk about that."

"She wanted to talk about the cigar."

"That's different. That's kid stuff. No, he didn't give her regularly

something she didn't want to talk about. Something he wanted that

she didn't. That's the mistake."

"In the ass is how you create loyalty."

"I don't know if that would have shut her up. I don't know that

shutting her up is humanly possible. This isn't Deep Throat. This is

Big Mouth."

"Still, you have to admit that this girl has revealed more about

America than anybody since Dos Passos. She stuck a thermometer

up the country's ass. Monica's U.S.A."

"The trouble was she was getting from Clinton what she got

from all these guys. She wanted something else from him. He's the

president, she's a love terrorist. She wanted him to be different from

this teacher she had an affair with."

"Yeah, the niceness did him in. Interesting. Not his brutality but

WHAT DO YOU D O . . . ?

his niceness. Playing it not by his rules but by hers. She controls

him because he wants it. Has to have it. It's all wrong. You know

what Kennedy would have told her when she came around asking

for a job? You know what Nixon would have told her? Harry

Truman, even Eisenhower would have told it to her. The general

who ran World War II, he knew how not to be nice. They would

have told her that not only would they not give her a job, but nobody

would ever give her a job again as long as she lived. That she

wouldn't be able to get a job driving a cab in Horse Springs, New

Mexico. Nothing. That her father's practice would be sabotaged,

and he'd be out of work. That her mother would never work again,

that her brother would never work again, that nobody in her family

would earn another dime, if she so much as dared to open her

mouth about the eleven blow jobs. Eleven. Not even a round dozen.

I don't think under a dozen in over two years qualifies for the

Heisman in debauchery, do you?"

"His caution, his caution did him in. Absolutely. He played it like

a lawyer."

"He didn't want to give her any evidence. That's why he wouldn't

come."

"There he was right. The moment he came, he was finished. She

had the goods. Collected a sample. The smoking come. Had he

fucked her in the ass, the nation could have been spared this terrible

trauma."

They laughed. There were three of them.

"He never really abandoned himself to it. He had an eye on the

door. He had his own system there. She was trying to up the ante."

"Isn't this what the Mafia does? You give somebody something

they can't talk about. Then you've got them."

"You involve them in a mutual transgression, and you have a

mutual corruption. Sure."

"So his problem is that he's insufficiently corrupt."

"Oh, yes. Absolutely. And unsophisticated."

"It's just the opposite of the charge that he's reprehensible. He's

insufficiently reprehensible."

• 149 •

THE HUMAN STAIN

"Of course. If you're engaged in that behavior, why draw the line

there? Wasn't that fairly artificial?"

"Once you draw the line, you make it clear that you're frightened.

And when you're frightened, you're finished. Your destruction is no

further than Monica's cell phone."

"He didn't want to lose control, you see. Remember he said, I

don't want to be hooked on you, I don't want to be addicted to you?

That struck me as true."

"I thought that was a line."

"I don't think so. I think probably the way she remembered it, it

sounds like a line, but I think the motivation—no, he didn't want

the sexual hook. She was good but she was replaceable."

"Everybody's replaceable."

"But you don't know what his experience was. He wasn't into

hookers and that kind of stuff."

"Kennedy was into hookers."

"Oh yeah. The real stuff. This guy Clinton, this is schoolboy

stuff."

"I don't think he was a schoolboy when he was down in Arkansas."

"No, the scale was right in Arkansas. Here it was all out of whack.

And it must have driven him crazy. President of the United States,

he has access to everything, and he can't touch it. This was hell. Especially

with that goody two-shoes wife."

"She's goody two-shoes, you think?"

"Oh, sure."

"Her and Vince Foster?"

"Well, she would fall in love with somebody, but she never would

have done anything crazy because he was married. She could make

even adultery boring. She's a real de-transgressor."

"You think she was fucking Foster?"

"Yes. Oh yeah."

"Now the whole world has fallen in love with goody two-shoes.

That's exactly what they've fallen in love with."

"Clinton's genius was to give Vince Foster a job in Washington.

WHAT DO YOU D O . . . ?

Put him right there. Make him do his personal bit for the administration.

That's genius. There Clinton acted like a good Mafia don

and had that on her."

"Yeah. That's okay. But that isn't what he did with Monica. You

see, he had only Vernon Jordan to talk to about Monica. Who was

probably the best person to talk to. But they couldn't figure that

out. Because they thought she was blabbing just to her stupid little

California Valley Girls. Okay. So what. But that this Linda Tripp,

this Iago, this undercover Iago that Starr had working in the White

House—"

At this point, Coleman got up from where he was seated and

headed toward the campus. That was all of the chorus Coleman

overheard while sitting on a bench on the green, contemplating

what move he'd make next. He didn't recognize their voices, and

since their backs were to him and their bench was around the other

side of the tree from his, he couldn't see their faces. His guess was

that they were three young guys, new to the faculty since his time,

on the town green drinking bottled water or decaf out of containers,

just back from a workout on the town tennis courts, and relaxing

together, talking over the day's Clinton news before heading

home to their wives and children. To him they sounded sexually

savvy and sexually confident in ways he didn't associate with young

assistant professors, particularly at Athena. Pretty rough talk, pretty

raw for academic banter. Too bad these tough guys hadn't been

around in his time. They might have served as a cadre of resistance

against... No, no. Up on the campus, where not everyone's a tennis

buddy, this sort of force tends to get dissipated in jokes when it's

not entirely self-suppressed—they would probably have been no

more forthcoming than the rest of the faculty when it came to rallying

behind him. Anyway, he didn't know them and didn't want to.

He knew no one any longer. For two years now, all the while he was

writing Spooks, he had cut himself off completely from the friends

and colleagues and associates of a lifetime, and so not until today—

just before noon, following the meeting with Nelson Primus that

had ended not merely badly but stunningly badly, with Coleman

THE HUMAN STAIN

astounding himself by his vituperative words—had he come anywhere

near leaving Town Street, as he was doing now, and heading

down South Ward and then, at the Civil War monument, climbing

the hill to the campus. Chances were there'd be no one he knew for

him to bump into, except perhaps whoever might be teaching the

retired who came in July to spend a couple of weeks in the college's

Elderhostel program, which included visits to the Tanglewood concerts,

the Stockbridge galleries, and the Norman Rockwell Museum.

It was these very summer students he saw first when he reached

the crest of the hill and emerged from behind the old astronomy

building onto the sun-speckled main quadrangle, more kitschily

collegiate-looking at that moment than even on the cover of the

Athena catalog. They were heading to the cafeteria for lunch, meandering

in pairs along one of the tree-lined quadrangle's crisscrossing

paths. A procession of twos: husbands and wives together,

pairs of husbands and pairs of wives, pairs of widows, pairs of widowers,

pairs of rearranged widows and widowers—or so Coleman

took them to be—who had teamed up as couples after meeting

here in their Elderhostel classes. All were neatly dressed in light

summer clothes, a lot of shirts and blouses of bright pastel shades,

trousers of white or light khaki, some Brooks Brothers summertime

plaid. Most of the men were wearing visored caps, caps of every

color, many of them stitched with the logos of professional

sports teams. No wheelchairs, no walkers, no crutches, no canes

that he could see. Spry people his age, seemingly no less fit than

he was, some a bit younger, some obviously older but enjoying

what retirement freedom was meant to provide for those fortunate

enough to breathe more or less easily, to ambulate more or less

painlessly, and to think more or less clearly. This was where he was

supposed to be. Paired off properly. Appropriately.

Appropriate. The current code word for reining in most any deviation

from the wholesome guidelines and thereby making everybody

"comfortable." Doing not what he was being judged to be

doing but doing instead, he thought, what was deemed suitable

WHAT DO YOU D O . . . ?

by God only knows which of our moral philosophers. Barbara

Walters? Joyce Brothers? William Bennett? Dateline NBC If he

were around this place as a professor, he could teach "Appropriate

Behavior in Classical Greek Drama," a course that would be over

before it began.

They were on their way to lunch, passing within sight of North

Hall, the ivied, beautifully weathered colonial brick building where,

for over a decade, Coleman Silk, as faculty dean, had occupied

the office across from the president's suite. The college's architectural

marker, the six-sided clock tower of North Hall, topped by the

spire that was topped by the flag—and that, from down in Athena

proper, could be seen the way the massive European cathedrals are

discerned from the approaching roadways by those repairing for

the cathedral town—was tolling noon as he sat on a bench shadowed

by the quadrangle's most famously age-gnarled oak, sat and

calmly tried to consider the coercions of propriety. The tyranny of

propriety. It was hard, halfway through 1998, for even him to believe

in American propriety's enduring power, and he was the one

who considered himself tyrannized: the bridle it still is on public

rhetoric, the inspiration it provides for personal posturing, the persistence

just about everywhere of this de-virilizing pulpit virtuemongering

that H. L. Mencken identified with boobism, that Philip

Wylie thought of as Momism, that the Europeans unhistorically

call American puritanism, that the likes of a Ronald Reagan call

America's core values, and that maintains widespread jurisdiction

by masquerading itself as something else—as everything else. As a

force, propriety is protean, a dominatrix in a thousand disguises,

infiltrating, if need be, as civic responsibility, WASP dignity,

women's rights, black pride, ethnic allegiance, or emotion-laden

Jewish ethical sensitivity. It's not as though Marx or Freud or Darwin

or Stalin or Hitler or Mao had never happened—it's as though

Sinclair Lewis had not happened. It's, he thought, as though Babbitt

had never been written. It's as though not even that most basic level

of imaginative thought had been admitted into consciousness to

cause the slightest disturbance. A century of destruction unlike any

THE HUMAN STAIN

other in its extremity befalls and blights the human race—scores of

millions of ordinary people condemned to suffer deprivation upon

deprivation, atrocity upon atrocity, evil upon evil, half the world

or more subjected to pathological sadism as social policy, whole societies

organized and fettered by the fear of violent persecution,

the degradation of individual life engineered on a scale unknown

throughout history, nations broken and enslaved by ideological

criminals who rob them of everything, entire populations so demoralized

as to be unable to get out of bed in the morning with the

minutest desire to face the day... all the terrible touchstones presented

by this century, and here they are up in arms about Faunia

Farley. Here in America either it's Faunia Farley or it's Monica

Lewinsky! The luxury of these lives disquieted so by the inappropriate

comportment of Clinton and Silk! This, in 1998, is the wickedness

they have to put up with. This, in 1998, is their torture, their

torment, and their spiritual death. Their source of greatest moral

despair, Faunia blowing me and me fucking Faunia. I'm depraved

not simply for having once said the word "spooks" to a class of

white students—and said it, mind you, not while standing there reviewing

the legacy of slavery, the fulminations of the Black Panthers,

the metamorphoses of Malcolm X, the rhetoric of James

Baldwin, or the radio popularity of Amos 'n' Andy, but while routinely

calling the roll. I am depraved not merely because of...

All this after less than five minutes sitting on a bench and looking

at the pretty building where he had once been dean.

But the mistake had been made. He was back. He was there. He

was back on the hill from which they had driven him, and so was

his contempt for the friends who hadn't rallied round him and the

colleagues who hadn't cared to support him and the enemies who'd

disposed so easily of the whole meaning of his professional career.

The urge to expose the capricious cruelty of their righteous idiocy

flooded him with rage. He was back on the hill in the bondage of

his rage and he could feel its intensity driving out all sense and demanding

that he take immediate action.

Delphine Roux.

WHAT DO YOU D O . . . ?

He got up and started for her office. At a certain age, he thought,

it is better for one's health not to do what I am about to do. At a

certain age, a man's outlook is best tempered by moderation, if

not resignation, if not outright capitulation. At a certain age, one

should live without either harking too much back to grievances

of the past or inviting resistance in the present by embodying a

challenge to the pieties that be. Yet to give up playing any but

the role socially assigned, in this instance assigned to the respectably

retired—at seventy-one, that is surely what is appropriate,

and so, for Coleman Silk, as he long ago demonstrated with requisite

ruthlessness to his very own mother, that is what is unacceptable.

He was not an embittered anarchist like Iris's crazy father, Gittelman.

He was not a firebrand or an agitator in any way. Nor was he a

madman. Nor was he a radical or a revolutionary, not even intellectually

or philosophically speaking, unless it is revolutionary to believe

that disregarding prescriptive society's most restrictive demarcations

and asserting independently a free personal choice that

is well within the law was something other than a basic human

right—unless it is revolutionary, when you've come of age, to refuse

to accept automatically the contract drawn up for your signature at

birth.

By now he had passed behind North Hall and was headed for the

long bowling green of a lawn leading to Barton and the office of

Delphine Roux. He had no idea what he was going to say should he

even catch her at her desk on a midsummer day as glorious as this

one, with the fall semester not scheduled to begin for another six or

seven weeks—nor did he find out, because, before he got anywhere

near the wide brick path encircling Barton, he noticed around at

the back of North Hall, gathered on a shady patch of grass adjacent

to a basement stairwell, a group of five college janitors, in custodial

staff shirts and trousers of UPS brown, sharing a pizza out of a

delivery box and heartily laughing at somebody's joke. The only

woman of the five and the focus of her coworkers' lunchtime attention

—she who had told the joke or made the wisecrack or done

THE HUMAN STAIN

the teasing and who happened also to be laughing loudest—was

Faunia Farley.

The men appeared to be in their early thirties or thereabouts.

Two were bearded, and one of the bearded ones, sporting a long

ponytail, was particularly broad and oxlike. He was the only one up

on his feet, the better, it seemed, to hover directly over Faunia as she

sat on the ground, her long legs stretched out before her and her

head thrown back in the gaiety of the moment. Her hair was a surprise

to Coleman. It was down. In his experience, it was unfailingly

drawn tightly back through an elastic band—down only in bed

when she removed the band so as to allow it to fall to her unclothed

shoulders.

With the boys. These must be "the boys" she referred to. One

of them was recently divorced, a successless one-time garage mechanic

who kept her Chevy running for her and drove her back and

forth from work on the days when the damn thing wouldn't start

no matter what he did, and one of them wanted to take her to a

porn film on the nights his wife was working the late shift at the

Blackwell paper box plant, and one of the boys was so innocent he

didn't know what a hermaphrodite was. When the boys came up in

conversation, Coleman listened without comment, expressing no

chagrin over what she had to say about them, however much he

wondered about their interest in her, given the meat of their talk

as Faunia reported it. But as she didn't go endlessly on about them,

and as he didn't encourage her with questions about them, the boys

didn't make the impression on Coleman that they would have had,

say, on Lester Farley. Of course she might herself choose to be a little

less carefree and feed herself less cooperatively into their fantasies,

but even when Coleman was impelled to suggest that, he easily

managed to restrain himself. She could speak as pointlessly or

pointedly as she liked to anyone, and whatever the consequences,

she would have to bear them. She was not his daughter. She was not

even his "girl." She was—what she was.

But watching unseen from where he had ducked back into the

shadowed wall of North Hall, it was not nearly so easy to take so

WHAT DO YOU D O . . . ?

detached and tolerant a view. Because now he saw not only what

he invariably saw—what attaining so little in life had done to her—

but perhaps why so little had been attained; from his vantage point

no more than fifty feet away, he could observe almost microscopically

how, without him to take her cues from, she took cues instead

from the gruffest example around, the coarsest, the one whose human

expectations were the lowest and whose self-conception the

shallowest. Since, no matter how intelligent you may be, Voluptas

makes virtually anything you want to think come true, certain possibilities

are never even framed, let alone vigorously conjectured,

and assessing correctly the qualities of your Voluptas is the last

thing you are equipped to do . . . until, that is, you slip into the

shadows and observe her rolling onto her back on the grass, her

knees bent and falling slightly open, the cheese of the pizza running

down one hand, a Diet Coke brandished in the other, and laughing

her head off—at what? at hermaphroditism?—while over her

looms, in the person of a failed grease monkey, everything that is

the antithesis of your own way of life. Another Farley? Another Les

Farley? Maybe nothing so ominous as that, but more of a substitute

for Farley than for him.

A campus scene that would have seemed without significance

had Coleman encountered it on a summer day back when he was

dean—as he undoubtedly had numerous times—a campus scene

that would have seemed back then not merely harmless but appealingly

expressive of the pleasure to be derived from eating out

of doors on a beautiful day was freighted now with nothing but

significance. Where neither Nelson Primus nor his beloved Lisa

nor even the cryptic denunciation anonymously dispatched by

Delphine Roux had convinced him of anything, this scene of no

great moment on the lawn back of North Hall exposed to him at

last the underside of his own disgrace.

Lisa. Lisa and those kids of hers. Tiny little Carmen. That's who

came flashing into his thoughts, tiny Carmen, six years old but, in

Lisa's words, like a much younger kid. "She's cute," Lisa said, "but

she's like a baby." And adorably cute Carmen was when he saw her:

THE HUMAN STAIN

pale, pale brown skin, pitch-black hair in two stiff braids, eyes unlike

any he'd ever seen on another human being, eyes like coals blue

with heat and lit from within, a child's quick and flexible body, attired

neatly in miniaturized jeans and sneakers, wearing colorful

socks and a white tube of a T-shirt nearly as narrow as a pipe

cleaner—a frisky little girl seemingly attentive to everything, and

particularly to him. "This is my friend Coleman," Lisa said when

Carmen came strolling into the room, on her small, scrubbed firstthing-

in-the-morning face a slightly amused, self-important mock

smile. "Hello, Carmen," Coleman said. "He just wanted to see what

we do," Lisa explained. "Okay," said Carmen, agreeably enough, but

she studied him no less carefully than he was studying her, seemingly

with the smile. "We're just gonna do what we always do," said

Lisa. "Okay," Carmen said, but now she was trying out on him a

rather more serious version of the smile. And when she turned and

got to handling the movable plastic letters magnetized to the low

little blackboard and Lisa asked her to begin sliding them around to

make the words "want," "wet," "wash," and "wipe"—"I always tell

you," Lisa was saying, "that you have to look at the first letters.

Let's see you read the first letters. Read it with your finger"—

Carmen kept periodically swiveling her head, then her whole body,

to look at Coleman and stay in touch with him. "Anything is a distraction,"

Lisa said softly to her father. "Come on, Miss Carmen.

Come on, honey. He's invisible." "What's that?" "Invisible," Lisa repeated,

"you can't see him." Carmen laughed—"I can see him."

"Come on. Come on back to me. The first letters. That's it. Good

work. But you also have to read the rest of the word too. Right? The

first letter—and now the rest of the word. Good—'wash.' What's

this one? You know it. You know that one. 'Wipe.' Good." Twentyfive

weeks in the program on the day Coleman came to sit in

on Reading Recovery, and though Carmen had made progress, it

wasn't much. He remembered how she had struggled with the word

"your" in the illustrated storybook from which she was reading

aloud—scratching with her fingers around her eyes, squeezing and

balling up the midriff of her shirt, twisting her legs onto the rung of

WHAT DO YOU D O . . . ?

her kiddie-sized chair, slowly but surely working her behind farther

and farther off the seat of the chair—and was still unable to recognize

"your" or to sound it out. "This is March, Dad. Twenty-five

weeks. It's a long time to be having trouble with 'your.' It's a long

time to be confusing 'couldn't' with 'climbed,' but at this point I'll

settle for 'your.' It's supposed to be twenty weeks in the program,

and out. She's been to kindergarten—she should have learned some

basic sight words. But when I showed her a list of words back in

September—and by then she was entering first grade—she said,

'What are these?' She didn't even know what words were. And the

letters: h she didn't know, j she didn't know, she confused u for c.

You see how she did that, it's visually similar, but she still has something

of the problem twenty-five weeks later. The m and the w. The

i and the l. The g and the d. Still problems for her. It's all a problem

for her." "You're pretty dejected about Carmen," he said. "Well, every

day for half an hour? That's a lot of instruction. That's a lot of

work. She's supposed to read at home, but at home there's a sixteen-

year-old sister who just had a baby, and the parents forget or

don't care. The parents are immigrants, they're second-language

learners, they don't find it easy reading to their children in English,

though Carmen never got read to even in Spanish. And this is what

I deal with day in and day out. Just seeing if a child can manipulate

a book—I give it to them, a book like this one, with a big colorful illustration

beneath the title, and I say, 'Show me the front of the

book.' Some kids know, but most don't. Print doesn't mean anything

to them. And," she said, smiling with exhaustion and nowhere

near as enticingly as Carmen, "my kids supposedly aren't

learning-disabled. Carmen doesn't look at the words while I'm

reading. She doesn't care. And that's why you're wiped out at the

end of the day. Other teachers have difficult tasks, I know, but at the

end of a day of Carmen after Carmen after Carmen, you come

home emotionally drained. By then I can't read. I can't even get on

the phone. I eat something and go to bed. I do like these kids. I love

these kids. But it's worse than draining—it's killing."

Faunia was sitting up on the grass now, downing the last of her

THE HUMAN STAIN

drink while one of the boys—the youngest, thinnest, most boyishlooking

of them, incongruously bearded at just the chin and wearing,

with his brown uniform, a red-checkered bandanna and what

looked like high-heeled cowboy boots—was collecting all the debris

from lunch and stuffing it into a trash sack, and the other three

were standing apart, out in the sunshine, each smoking a last cigarette

before returning to work.

Faunia was alone. And quiet now. Sitting there gravely with the

empty soda can and thinking what? About the two years of waitressing

down in Florida when she was sixteen and seventeen, about

the retired businessmen who used to come in for lunch without

their wives and ask her if she wouldn't like to live in a nice apartment

and have nice clothes and a nice new Pinto and charge accounts

at all the Bal Harbour clothing shops and at the jewelry

store and at the beauty parlor and in exchange do nothing more

than be a girlfriend a few nights a week and every once in a while

on weekends? Not one, two, three, but four such proposals in just

the first year. And then the proposition from the Cuban. She clears

a hundred bucks a john and no taxes. For a skinny blonde with big

tits, a tall, good-looking kid like her with hustle and ambition and

guts, got up in a miniskirt, a halter, and boots, a thousand bucks a

night would be nothing. A year, two, and, if by then she wants to,

she retires—she can afford to. "And you didn't do it?" Coleman

asked. "No. Uh-uh. But don't think I didn't think about it," she said.

"All the restaurant shit, those creepy people, the crazy cooks, a

menu I can't read, orders I can't write, keeping everything straight

in my head—it was no picnic. But if I can't read, I can count. I can

add. I can subtract. I can't read words but I know who Shakespeare

is. I know who Einstein is. I know who won the Civil War. I'm not

stupid. I'm just an illiterate. A fine distinction but there it is. Numbers

are something else. Numbers, believe me, I know. Don't think I

didn't think it might not be a bad idea at all." But Coleman needed

no such instruction. Not only did he think that at seventeen she

thought being a hooker might be a good idea, he thought that it

was an idea that she had more than simply entertained.

WHAT DO YOU DO . . . ?

"What do you do with the kid who can't read?" Lisa had asked

him in her despair. "It's the key to everything, so you have to do

something, but doing it is burning me out. Your second year is supposed

to be better. Your third year better than that. And this is my

fourth." "And it isn't better?" he asked. "It's hard. It's so hard. Each

year is harder. But if one-on-one tutoring doesn't work, what do

you do?" Well, what he did with the kid who couldn't read was to

make her his mistress. What Farley did was to make her his punching

bag. What the Cuban did was to make her his whore, or one

among them—so Coleman believed more often than not. And for

how long his whore? Is that what Faunia was thinking about before

getting herself up to head back to North Hall to finish cleaning the

corridors? Was she thinking about how long it had all gone on? The

mother, the stepfather, the escape from the stepfather, the places in

the South, the places in the North, the men, the beatings, the jobs,

the marriage, the farm, the herd, the bankruptcy, the children, the

two dead children. No wonder half an hour in the sun sharing a

pizza with the boys is paradise to her.

"This is my friend Coleman, Faunia. He's just going to watch."

"Okay," Faunia says. She is wearing a green corduroy jumper,

fresh white stockings, and shiny black shoes, and is not nearly as

jaunty as Carmen—composed, well mannered, permanently a little

deflated, a pretty middle-class Caucasian child with long blond hair

in butterfly barrettes at either side and, unlike Carmen, showing no

interest in him, no curiosity about him, once he has been introduced.

"Hello," she mumbles meekly, and goes obediently back to

moving the magnetic letters around, pushing together the w's, the

t's, the n's, the s's, and, on another part of the blackboard, grouping

together all the vowels.

"Use two hands," Lisa tells her, and she does what she is told.

"Which are these?" Lisa asks.

And Faunia reads them. Gets all the letters right.

"Let's take something she knows," Lisa says to her father. "Make

'not,' Faunia."

Faunia does it. Faunia makes "not."

THE HUMAN STAIN

"Good work. Now something she doesn't know. Make 'got.'"

Looks long and hard at the letters, but nothing happens. Faunia

makes nothing. Does nothing. Waits. Waits for the next thing to

happen. Been waiting for the next thing to happen all her life. It always

does.

"I want you to change the first part, Miss Faunia. Come on. You

know this. What's the first part of 'got'?"

"G." She moves away the n and, at the start of the word, substitutes

g.

"Good work. Now make it say 'pot.'"

She does it. Pot.

"Good. Now read it with your finger."

Faunia moves her finger beneath each letter while distinctly pronouncing

its sound. "Puh—ah—tuh."

"She's quick," Coleman says.

"Yes, but that's supposed to be quick."

There are three other children with three other Reading Recovery

teachers in other parts of the large room, and so all around him

Coleman can hear little voices reading aloud, rising and falling in

the same childish pattern regardless of the content, and he hears

the other teachers saying, "You know that—u, like 'umbrella'—u,

u—" and "You know that—ing, you know ing—" and "You know

I—good, good work," and when he looks around, he sees that all

the other children being taught are Faunia as well. There are alphabet

charts everywhere, with pictures of objects to illustrate each of

the letters, and there are plastic letters everywhere to pick up in

your hand, differently colored so as to help you phonetically form

the words a letter at a time, and piled everywhere are simple books

that tell the simplest stories: "... on Friday we went to the beach.

Saturday we went to the airport." "'Father Bear, is Baby Bear with

you?' 'No,' said Father Bear." "In the morning a dog barked at Sara.

She was frightened. 'Try to be a brave girl, Sara,' said Mom." In addition

to all these books and all these stories and all these Saras and

all these dogs and all these bears and all these beaches, there are

WHAT DO YOU D O . . . ?

four teachers, four teachers all for Faunia, and they still can't teach

her to read at her level.

"She's in first grade," Lisa is telling her father. "We're hoping that

if we all four work together with her all day long every day, by the

end of the year we can get her up to speed. But it's hard to get her

motivated on her own."

"Pretty little girl," Coleman says.

"Yes, you find her pretty? You like that type? Is that your type,

Dad, the pretty, slow-at-reading type with the long blond hair and

the broken will and the butterfly barrettes?"

"I didn't say that."

"You didn't have to. I've been watching you with her," and she

points around the room to where all four Faunias sit quietly before

the board, forming and reforming out of the colorful plastic letters

the words "pot" and "got" and "not." "The first time she spelled out

'pot' with her finger, you couldn't take your eyes off the kid. Well, if

that turns you on, you should have been here back in September.

Back in September she misspelled her first name and her second

name. Fresh from kindergarten and the only word on the word list

she could recognize was 'not.' She didn't understand that print

contains a message. She didn't know left page before right page.

She didn't know 'Goldilocks and the Three Bears.' 'Do you know

"Goldilocks and the Three Bears," Faunia?' 'No.' Which means that

her kindergarten experience—because that's what they get there,

fairy tales, nursery rhymes—wasn't very good. Today she knows

'Little Red Riding Hood,' but then? Forget it. Oh, if you'd met

Faunia last September, fresh from failing at kindergarten, I guarantee

you, Dad, she would have driven you wild."

What do you do with the kid who can't read? The kid who is

sucking somebody off in a pickup in her driveway while, upstairs,

in a tiny apartment over a garage, her small children are supposedly

asleep with a space heater burning—two untended children, a kerosene

fire, and she's with this guy in his truck. The kid who has

been a runaway since age fourteen, on the lam from her inexplica-

THE HUMAN STAIN

ble life for her entire life. The kid who marries, for the stability and

the safeguard he'll provide, a combat-crazed veteran who goes for

your throat if you so much as turn in your sleep. The kid who is

false, the kid who hides herself and lies, the kid who can't read who

can read, who pretends she can't read, takes willingly upon herself

this crippling shortcoming all the better to impersonate a member

of a subspecies to which she does not belong and need not belong

but to which, for every wrong reason, she wants him to believe she

belongs. Wants herself to believe she belongs. The kid whose existence

became a hallucination at seven and a catastrophe at fourteen

and a disaster after that, whose vocation is to be neither a waitress

nor a hooker nor a farmer nor a janitor but forever the stepdaughter

to a lascivious stepfather and the undefended offspring of a selfobsessed

mother, the kid who mistrusts everyone, sees the con in

everyone, and yet is protected against nothing, whose capacity to

hold on, unintimidated, is enormous and yet whose purchase on

life is minute, misfortune's favorite embattled child, the kid to

whom everything loathsome that can happen has happened and

whose luck shows no sign of changing and yet who excites and

arouses him like nobody since Steena, not the most but, morally

speaking, the least repellent person he knows, the one to whom he

feels drawn because of having been aimed for so long in the opposite

direction—because of all he has missed by going in the opposite

direction—and because the underlying feeling of rightness that

controlled him formerly is exactly what is propelling him now, the

unlikely intimate with whom he shares no less a spiritual than a

physical union, who is anything but a plaything upon whom he

flings his body twice a week in order to sustain his animal nature,

who is more to him like a comrade-in-arms than anyone else on

earth.

And what do you do with such a kid? You find a pay phone as fast

as you can and rectify your idiotic mistake.

He thinks she is thinking about how long it has all gone on, the

mother, the stepfather, the escape from the stepfather, the places in

WHAT DO YOU D O . . . ?

the South, the places in the North, the men, the beatings, the jobs,

the marriage, the farm, the herd, the bankruptcy, the children, the

dead children... and maybe she is. Maybe she is even if, alone now

on the grass while the boys are smoking and cleaning up from

lunch, she thinks she is thinking about crows. She thinks about

crows a lot of the time. They're everywhere. They roost in the

woods not far from the bed where she sleeps, they're in the pasture

when she's out there moving the fence for the cows, and today they

are cawing all over the campus, and so instead of thinking of what

she is thinking the way Coleman thinks she is thinking it, she is

thinking about the crow that used to hang around the store in

Seeley Falls when, after the fire and before moving to the farm, she

took the furnished room up there to try to hide from Farley, the

crow that hung around the parking lot between the post office and

the store, the crow that somebody had made into a pet because it

was abandoned or because its mother was killed—she never knew

what orphaned it. And now it had been abandoned for a second

time and had taken to hanging out in that parking lot, where most

everybody came and went during the course of the day. This crow

created many problems in Seeley Falls because it started divebombing

people coming into the post office, going after the barrettes

in the little girls' hair and so on—as crows will because it is

their nature to collect shiny things, bits of glass and stuff like that—

and so the postmistress, in consultation with a few interested

townsfolk, decided to take it to the Audubon Society, where it was

caged and only sometimes let out to fly; it couldn't be set free because

in the wild a bird that likes to hang around a parking lot simply

will not fit in. That crow's voice. She remembers it at all hours,

day or night, awake, sleeping, or insomniac. Had a strange voice.

Not like the voice of other crows probably because it hadn't been

raised with other crows. Right after the fire, I used to go and visit

that crow at the Audubon Society, and whenever the visit was over

and I would turn to leave, it would call me back with this voice. Yes,

in a cage, but being what it was, it was better off that way. There

were other birds in cages that people had brought in because they

THE HUMAN STAIN

couldn't live in the wild anymore. There were a couple of little owls.

Speckled things that looked like toys. I used to visit the owls too.

And a pigeon hawk with a piercing cry. Nice birds. And then I

moved down here and, alone as I was, am, I have gotten to know

crows like never before. And them me. Their sense of humor. Is that

what it is? Maybe it's not a sense of humor. But to me it looks like it

is. The way they walk around. The way they tuck their heads. The

way they scream at me if I don't have bread for them. Faunia, go get

the bread. They strut. They boss the other birds around. On Saturday,

after having the conversation with the redtail hawk down by

Cumberland, I came home and I heard these two crows back in the

orchards. I knew something was up. This alarming crow-calling.

Sure enough, saw three birds—two crows crowing and cawing off

this hawk. Maybe the very one I'd been talking to a few minutes before.

Chasing it. Obviously the redtail was up to no good. But taking

on a hawk? Is that a good idea? It wins them points with the

other crows, but I don't know if I would do that. Can even two of

them take on a hawk? Aggressive bastards. Mostly hostile. Good for

them. Saw a photo once—a crow going right up to an eagle and

barking at it. The eagle doesn't give a shit. Doesn't even see him. But

the crow is something. The way it flies. They're not as pretty as ravens

when ravens fly and do those wonderful, beautiful acrobatics.

They've got a big fuselage to get off the ground and yet they don't

need a running start necessarily. A few steps will do it. I've watched

that. It's more just a huge effort. They make this huge effort and

they're up. When I used to take the kids to eat at Friendly's. Four

years ago. There were millions of them. The Friendly's on East

Main Street in Blackwell. In the late afternoon. Before dark. Millions

of them in the parking lot. The crow convention at Friendly's.

What is it with crows and parking lots? What is that all about? We'll

never know what that's about or anything else. Other birds are kind

of dull next to crows. Yes, bluejays have that terrific bounce. The

trampoline walk. That's good. But crows can do the bounce and the

chesty thrust. Most impressive. Turning their heads from left to

right, casing the joint. Oh, they're hot shit. They're the coolest. The

WHAT DO YOU DO. . .?

caw. The noisy caw. Listen. Just listen. Oh, I love it. Staying in touch

like that. The frantic call that means danger. I love that. Rush outside

then. It can be 5 A.M., I don't care. The frantic call, rush outside,

and you can expect the show to begin any minute. The other calls, I

can't say I know what they mean. Maybe nothing. Sometimes it's a

quick call. Sometimes it's throaty. Don't want to confuse it with the

raven's call. Crows mate with crows and ravens with ravens. It's

wonderful that they never get confused. Not to my knowledge anyway.

Everybody who says they're ugly scavenger birds—and most

everybody does—is nuts. I think they're beautiful. Oh, yes. Very

beautiful. Their sleekness. Their shades. It's so so black in there you

can see purple in there. Their heads. At the start of the beak that

sprout of hairs, that mustache thing, those hairs coming forward

from the feathers. Probably has a name. But the name doesn't matter.

Never does. All that matters is that it's there. And nobody

knows why. It's like everything else—just there. All their eyes are

black. Everybody gets black eyes. Black claws. What is it like flying?

Ravens will do the soaring, crows just seem to go where they're going.

They don't just fly around as far as I can tell. Let the ravens

soar. Let the ravens do the soaring. Let the ravens pile up the miles

and break the records and get the prizes. The crows have to get

from one place to another. They hear that I have bread, so they're

here. They hear somebody down the road two miles has bread, so

they're there. When I throw their bread out to them, there'll always

be one who is the guard and another you can hear off in the distance,

and they're signaling back and forth just to let everybody

know what's going on. It's hard to believe in everybody's looking

out for everybody else, but that's what it looks like. There's a wonderful

story I never forgot that a friend of mine told me when I was

a kid that her mother told her. There were these crows who were so

smart that they had figured out how to take these nuts they had that

they couldn't break open out to the highway, and they would watch

the lights, the traffic lights, and they would know when the cars

would take off—they were that intelligent that they knew what was

going on with the lights—and they would place the nuts right in

THE HUMAN STAIN

front of the tires so they'd be cracked open and as soon as the light

would change they'd move down. I believed that back then. Believed

everything back then. And now that I know them and nobody

else, I believe it again. Me and the crows. That's the ticket.

Stick to the crows and you've got it made. I hear they preen each

other's feathers. Never seen that. Seen them close together and

wonder what they're doing. But never seen them actually doing it.

Don't even see them preen their own. But then, I'm next door to the

roost, not in it. Wish I were. Would have preferred to be one. Oh,

yes, absolutely. No two ways about that. Much prefer to be a crow.

They don't have to worry about moving to get away from anybody

or anything. They just move. They don't have to pack anything.

They just go. When they get smashed by something, that's it, it's

over. Tear a wing, it's over. Break a foot, it's over. A much better way

than this. Maybe I'll come back as one. What was I before that I

came back as this? I was a crow! Yes! I was one! And I said, "God, I

wish I was that big-titted girl down there," and I got my wish, and

now, Christ, do I want to go back to my crow status. My status crow.

Good name for a crow. Status. Good name for anything black and

big. Goes with the strut. Status. I noticed everything as a kid. I loved

birds. Always stuck on crows and hawks and owls. Still see the owls

at night, driving home from Coleman's place. I can't help it if I get

out of the car to talk to them. Shouldn't. Should drive straight on

home before that bastard kills me. What do crows think when they

hear the other birds singing? They think it's stupid. It is. Cawing.

That's the only thing. It doesn't look good for a bird that struts to

sing a sweet little song. No, caw your head off. That's the fucking

ticket—cawing your head off and frightened of nothing and in

there eating everything that's dead. Gotta get a lot of road kill in a

day if you want to fly like that. Don't bother to drag it off but eat it

right on the road. Wait until the last minute when a car is coming,

and then they get up and go but not so far that they can't hop right

back and dig back in soon as it's passed. Eating in the middle of the

road. Wonder what happens when the meat goes bad. Maybe it

WHAT DO YOU D O . . . ?

doesn't for them. Maybe that's what it means to be a scavenger.

Them and the turkey vultures—that's their job. They take care of

all of those things out in the woods and out in the road that we

don't want anything to do with. No crow goes hungry in all this

world. Never without a meal. If it rots, you don't see the crow run

away. If there's death, they're there. Something's dead, they come by

and get it. I like that. I like that a lot. Eat that raccoon no matter

what. Wait for the truck to come crack open the spine and then go

back in there and suck up all the good stuff it takes to lift that beautiful

black carcass off the ground. Sure, they have their strange behavior.

Like anything else. I've seen them up in those trees, gathered

all together, talking all together, and something's going on. But what

it is I'll never know. There's some powerful arrangement there. But

I haven't the faintest idea whether they know what it is themselves.

It could be as meaningless as everything else. I'll bet it isn't, though,

and that it makes a million fucking times more sense than any

fucking thing down here. Or doesn't it? Is it just a lot of stuff that

looks like something else but isn't? Maybe it's all just a genetic tic.

Or tock. Imagine if the crows were in charge. Would it be the same

shit all over again? The thing about them is that they're all practicality.

In their flight. In their talk. Even in their color. All that blackness.

Nothing but blackness. Maybe I was one and maybe I wasn't. I

think I sometimes believe that I already am one. Yes, been believing

that on and off for months now. Why not? There are men who are

locked up in women's bodies and women who are locked up in

men's bodies, so why can't I be a crow locked up in this body? Yeah,

and where is the doctor who is going to do what they do to let me

out? Where do I go to get the surgery that will let me be what I am?

Who do I talk to? Where do I go and what do I do and how the fuck

do I get out?

I am a crow. I know it. I know it!

At the student union building, midway down the hill from North

Hall, Coleman found a pay phone in the corridor across from the

THE HUMAN STAIN

cafeteria where the Elderhostel students were having their lunch.

He could see inside, through the double doorway, to the long dining

tables where the couples were all mingling happily at lunch.

Jeff wasn't at home—it was about 10 A.M. in L.A., and Coleman

got the answering machine, and so he searched his address book for

the office number at the university, praying that Jeff wasn't off in

class yet. What the father had to say to his eldest son had to be said

immediately. The last time he'd called Jeff in a state anything like

this was to tell him that Iris had died. "They killed her. They set out

to kill me and they killed her." It was what he said to everyone, and

not just in those first twenty-four hours. That was the beginning of

the disintegration: everything requisitioned by rage. But this is the

end of it. The end—there was the news he had for his son. And for

himself. The end of the expulsion from the previous life. To be content

with something less grandiose than self-banishment and the

overwhelming challenge that is to one's strength. To live with one's

failure in a modest fashion, organized once again as a rational being

and blotting out the blight and the indignation. If unyielding,

unyielding quietly. Peacefully. Dignified contemplation—that's the

ticket, as Faunia liked to say. To live in a way that does not bring

Philoctetes to mind. He does not have to live like a tragic character

in his course. That the primal seems a solution is not news—

it always does. Everything changes with desire. The answer to all

that has been destroyed. But choosing to prolong the scandal by

perpetuating the protest? My stupidity everywhere. My derangement

everywhere. And the grossest sentimentality. Wistfully remembering

back to Steena. Jokingly dancing with Nathan Zuckerman.

Confiding in him. Reminiscing with him. Letting him listen.

Sharpening the writer's sense of reality. Feeding that great opportunistic

maw, a novelist's mind. Whatever catastrophe turns up, he

transforms into writing. Catastrophe is cannon fodder for him.

But what can I transform this into? I am stuck with it. As is. Sans

language, shape, structure, meaning—sans the unities, the catharsis,

sans everything. More of the untransformed unforeseen. And

why would anyone want more? Yet the woman who is Faunia is

WHAT DO YOU D O . . . ?

the unforeseen. Intertwined orgasmically with the unforeseen, and

convention unendurable. Upright principles unendurable. Contact

with her body the only principle. Nothing more important than

that. And the stamina of her sneer. Alien to the core. Contact with

that. The obligation to subject my life to hers and its vagaries. Its

vagrancy. Its truancy. Its strangeness. The delectation of this elemental

eros. Take the hammer of Faunia to everything outlived, all

the exalted justifications, and smash your way to freedom. Freedom

from? From the stupid glory of being right. From the ridiculous

quest for significance. From the never-ending campaign for legitimacy.

The onslaught of freedom at seventy-one, the freedom to

leave a lifetime behind—known also as Aschenbachian madness.

"And before nightfall"—the final words of Death in Venice—"a

shocked and respectful world received the news of his decease." No,

he does not have to live like a tragic character in any course.

"Jeff! It's Dad. It's your father."

"Hi. How's it going?"

"Jeff, I know why I haven't heard from you, why I haven't heard

from Michael. Mark I wouldn't expect to hear from—and Lisa

hung up on me last time I called."

"She phoned me. She told me."

"Listen, Jeff—my affair with this woman is over."

"Is it? How come?"

He thinks, Because there's no hope for her. Because men have

beaten the shit out of her. Because her kids have been killed in a fire.

Because she works as a janitor. Because she has no education and

says she can't read. Because she's been on the run since she's fourteen.

Because she doesn't even ask me, "What are you doing with

me?" Because she knows what everybody is doing with her. Because

she's seen it all and there's no hope.

But all he says to his son is, "Because I don't want to lose my children."

With the gentlest laugh, Jeff said, "Try as you might, you couldn't

do it. You certainly aren't able to lose me. I don't believe you were

going to lose Mike or Lisa, either. Markie is something else. Markie

THE HUMAN STAIN

yearns for something none of us can give him. Not just you—none

of us. It's all very sad with Markie. But that we were losing you?

That we've been losing you since Mother died and you resigned

from the college? That is something we've all been living with. Dad,

nobody has known what to do. Since you went on the warpath with

the college, it hasn't been easy to get to you."

"I realize that," said Coleman, "I understand that," but two minutes

into the conversation and it was already insufferable to him.

His reasonable, supercompetent, easygoing son, the eldest, the

coolest head of the lot, speaking calmly about the family problem

with the father who was the problem was as awful to endure as his

irrational youngest son being enraged with him and going nuts.

The excessive demand he had made on their sympathy—on the

sympathy of his own children! "I understand," Coleman said again,

and that he understood made it all the worse.

"I hope nothing too awful happened with her," Jeff said.

"With her? No. I just decided that enough was enough." He was

afraid to say more for fear that he might start to say something very

different.

"That's good," Jeff said. "I'm terrifically relieved. That there've

been no repercussions, if that's what you're saying. That's just

great."

Repercussions?

"I don't follow you," Coleman said. "Why repercussions?"

"You're free and clear? You're yourself again? You sound more

like yourself than you have for years. That you've called—this is all

that matters. I was waiting and I was hoping and now you've called.

There's nothing more to be said. You're back. That's all we were

worried about."

"I'm lost, Jeff. Fill me in. I'm lost as to what we're going on about

here. Repercussions from what?"

Jeff paused before he spoke again, and when he did speak, it was

reluctantly. "The abortion. The suicide attempt."

"Faunia?"

"Right."

WHAT DO YOU D O . . . ?

"Had an abortion? Tried to commit suicide? When?"

"Dad, everyone in Athena knew. That's how it got to us."

"Everyone? Who is everyone?"

"Look, Dad, there are no repercussions—"

"It never happened, my boy, that's why there are no 'repercussions.'

It never happened. There was no abortion, there was no suicide

attempt—not that I know of. And not that she knows of. But

just who is this everyone? Goddamnit, you hear a story like that, a

senseless story like that, why don't you pick up the phone, why

don't you come to me?"

"Because it isn't my business to come to you. I don't come to a

man your age—"

"No, you don't, do you? Instead, whatever you're told about a

man my age, however ludicrous, however malicious and absurd,

you believe."

"If I made a mistake, I am truly sorry. You're right. Of course

you're right. But it's been a long haul for all of us. You've not been

that easy to reach now for—"

"Who told this to you?"

"Lisa. Lisa heard it first."

"Who did Lisa hear it from?"

"Several sources. People. Friends."

"I want names. I want to know who this everyone is. Which

friends?"

"Old friends. Athena friends."

"Her darling childhood friends. The offspring of my colleagues.

Who told them, I wonder."

"There was no suicide attempt," Jeff said.

"No, Jeffrey, there wasn't. No abortion that I know of, either."

"Well, fine."

"And if there were? If I had impregnated this woman and she'd

gone for an abortion and after the abortion had attempted suicide?

Suppose, Jeff, she had even succeeded at suicide. Then what? Then

what, Jeff? Your father's mistress kills herself. Then what? Turn on

your father? Your criminal father? No, no, no—let's go back, back

THE HUMAN STAIN

up a step, back up to the suicide attempt. Oh, I like that. I do wonder

who came up with the suicide attempt. Is it because of the abortion

that she attempts this suicide? Let's get straight this melodrama

that Lisa got from her Athena friends. Because she doesn't

want the abortion? Because the abortion is imposed on her? I see. I

see the cruelty. A mother who has lost two little children in a fire

turns up pregnant by her lover. Ecstasy. A new life. Another chance.

A new child to replace the dead ones. But the lover—no, says he,

and drags her by her hair to the abortionist, and then—of course—

having worked his will on her, takes the naked, bleeding body—"

By this time Jeff had hung up.

But by this time Coleman didn't need Jeff to keep on going. He

had only to see the Elderhostel couples inside the cafeteria finishing

their coffee before returning to class, he had only to hear them in

there at their ease and enjoying themselves, the appropriate elderly

looking as they should look and sounding as they should sound, for

him to think that even the conventional things that he'd done afforded

him no relief. Not just having been a professor, not just having

been a dean, not just having remained married, through everything,

to the same formidable woman, but having a family, having

intelligent children—and it all afforded him nothing. If anybody's

children should be able to understand this, shouldn't his? All the

preschool. All the reading to them. The sets of encyclopedias. The

preparation before quizzes. The dialogues at dinner. The endless

instruction, from Iris, from him, in the multiform nature of life.

The scrutinization of language. All this stuff we did, and then to

come back at me with this mentality? After all the schooling and all

the books and all the words and all the superior SAT scores, it is insupportable.

After all the taking them seriously. When they said

something foolish, engaging it seriously. All the attention paid to

the development of reason and of mind and of imaginative sympathy.

And of skepticism, of well-informed skepticism. Of thinking

for oneself. And then to absorb the first rumor? All the education

and nothing helps. Nothing can insulate against the lowest level of

WHAT DO YOU D O . . . ?

thought. Not even to ask themselves, "But does that sound like our

father? Does that sound like him to me?" Instead, your father is

an open-and-shut case. Never allowed to watch TV and you manifest

the mentality of a soap opera. Allowed to read nothing but

the Greeks or their equivalent and you make life into a Victorian

soap opera. Answering your questions. Your every question. Never

turning one aside. You ask about your grandparents, you ask who

they were and I told you. They died, your grandparents, when I was

young. Grandpa when I was in high school, Grandma when I was

away in the navy. By the time I got back from the war, the landlord

had long ago put everything out on the street. There was nothing

left. The landlord told me he couldn't afford to blah blah, there was

no rent coming in, and I could have killed the son of a bitch. Photo

albums. Letters. Stuff from my childhood, from their childhood, all

of it, everything, the whole thing, gone. "Where were they born?

Where did they live?" They were born in Jersey. The first of their

families born here. He was a saloon keeper. I believe that in Russia

his father, your great-grandfather, worked in the tavern business.

Sold booze to the Russkies. "Do we have aunts and uncles?" My father

had a brother who went to California when I was a little kid,

and my mother was an only child, like me. After me she couldn't

have children—I never knew why that was. The brother, my father's

older brother, remained a Silberzweig—he never took the changed

name as far as I know. Jack Silberzweig. Born in the old country

and so kept the name. When I was shipping out from San Francisco,

I looked in all the California phone books to try to locate

him. He was on the outs with my father. My father considered him

a lazy bum, wanted nothing to do with him, and so nobody was

sure what city Uncle Jack lived in. I looked in all the phone books.

I was going to tell him that his brother had died. I wanted to

meet him. My one living relative on that side. So what if he's a

bum? I wanted to meet his children, my cousins, if there were any.

I looked under Silberzweig. I looked under Silk. I looked under

Silber. Maybe in California he'd become a Silber. I didn't know. And

THE HUMAN STAIN

I don't know. I have no idea. And then I stopped looking. When you

don't have a family of your own, you concern yourself with these

things. Then I had you and I stopped worrying about having an uncle

and having cousins ... Each kid heard the same thing. And the

only one it didn't satisfy was Mark. The older boys didn't ask that

much, but the twins were insistent. "Were there any twins in the

past?" My understanding—I believe I was told this—was that there

was either a great- or a great-great-grandfather who was a twin.

This was the story he told Iris as well. All of it was invented for Iris.

This was the story he told her on Sullivan Street when they first met

and the story he stuck to, the original boilerplate. And the only one

never satisfied was Mark. "Where did our great-grandparents come

from?" Russia. "But what city?" I asked my father and mother, but

they never seemed to know for sure. One time it was one place, one

time another. There was a whole generation of Jews like that. They

never really knew. The old people didn't talk about it much, and the

American children weren't that curious, they were het up on being

Americans, and so, in my family as in many families, there was a

general Jewish geographical amnesia. All I got when I asked,

Coleman told them, was the answer "Russia." But Markie said,

"Russia is gigantic, Dad. Where in Russia?" Markie would not be

still. And why? Why? There was no answer. Markie wanted the

knowledge of who they were and where they came from—all that

his father could never give him. And that's why he becomes the Orthodox

Jew? That's why he writes the biblical protest poems? That's

why Markie hates him so? Impossible. There were the Gittelmans.

Gittelman grandparents. Gittelman aunts and uncles. Little Gittelman

cousins all over Jersey. Wasn't that enough? How many relatives

did he need? There had to be Silks and Silberzweigs too? That

made no sense at all as a grievance—it could not be! Yet Coleman

wondered anyway, irrational as it might be to associate Markie's

brooding anger with his own secret. So long as Markie was at odds

with him, he was never able to stop himself from wondering, and

never more agonizingly than after Jeff had hung up the phone on

WHAT DO YOU DO . . . I

him. If the children who carried his origins in their genes and who

would pass those origins on to their own children could find it so

easy to suspect him of the worst kind of cruelty to Faunia, what explanation

could there be? Because he could never tell them about

their family? Because he'd owed it to them to tell them? Because to

deny them such knowledge was wrong? That made no sense! Retribution

was not unconsciously or unknowingly enacted. There was

no such quid pro quo. It could not be. And yet, after the phone

call—leaving the student union, leaving the campus, all the while

he was driving in tears back up the mountain—that was exactly

what it felt like.

And all the while he was driving home he was remembering the

time he'd almost told Iris. It was after the twins were born. The

family was now complete. They'd done it—he'd made it. With not

a sign of his secret on any of his kids, it was as though he had

been delivered from his secret. The exuberance that came of having

pulled it off brought him to the very brink of giving the whole

thing away. Yes, he would present his wife with the greatest gift he

possessed: he would tell the mother of his four children who their

father really was. He would tell Iris the truth. That was how excited

and relieved he was, how solid the earth felt beneath his feet after

she had their beautiful twins, and he took Jeff and Mikey to the

hospital to see their new brother and sister, and the most frightening

apprehension of them all had been eradicated from his life.

But he never did give Iris that gift. He was saved from doing it—

or damned to leave it undone—because of the cataclysm that befell

a dear friend of hers, her closest associate on the art association

board, a pretty, refined amateur watercolorist named Claudia

McChesney, whose husband, owner of the county's biggest building

firm, turned out to have quite a stunning secret of his own: a

second family. For some eight years, Harvey McChesney had been

keeping a woman years younger than Claudia, a bookkeeper at a

chair factory over near the Taconic by whom he'd had two children,

little kids aged four and six, living in a small town just across the

THE HUMAN STAIN

Massachusetts line in New York State, whom he visited each week,

whom he supported, whom he seemed to love, and whom nobody

in the McChesneys' Athena household knew anything about until

an anonymous phone call—probably from one of Harvey's building-

trade rivals—revealed to Claudia and the three adolescent children

just what McChesney was up to when he wasn't out on the job.

Claudia collapsed that night, came completely apart and tried to

slash her wrists, and it was Iris who, beginning at 3 A.M., with the

help of a psychiatrist friend, organized the rescue operation that

got Claudia installed before dawn in Austin Riggs, the Stockbridge

psychiatric hospital. And it was Iris who, all the while she was nursing

two newborns and mothering two preschool boys, visited the

hospital every day, talking to Claudia, steadying her, reassuring her,

bringing her potted plants to tend and art books to look at, even

combing and braiding Claudia's hair, until, after five weeks—and as

much a result of Iris's devotion as of the psychiatric program—

Claudia returned home to begin to take the steps necessary to rid

herself of the man who had caused all her misery.

In just days, Iris had got Claudia the name of a divorce lawyer

up in Pittsfield and, with all the Silk kids, including the infants,

strapped down in the back of the station wagon, she drove her

friend to the lawyer's office to be absolutely certain that the separation

arrangements were initiated and Claudia's deliverance from

McChesney was under way. On the ride home that day, there'd been

a lot of bucking up to do, but bucking people up was Iris's specialty,

and she saw to it that Claudia's determination to right her life was

not washed away by her residual fears.

"What a wretched thing to do to another person," Iris said. "Not

the girlfriend. Bad enough, but that happens. And not the little

children, not even that—not even the other woman's little boy and

girl, painful and brutal as that would be for any wife to discover.

No, it's the secret—that's what did it, Coleman. That's why Claudia

doesn't want to go on living. 'Where's the intimacy?' That's what

gets her crying every time. 'Where is the intimacy,' she says, 'when

WHAT DO YOU D O . . . ?

there is such a secret?' That he could hide this from her, that he

would have gone on hiding it from her—that's what Claudia's defenseless

against, and that's why she still wants to do herself in.

She says to me, 'It's like discovering a corpse. Three corpses. Three

human bodies hidden under our floor.'" "Yes," Coleman said,

"it's like something out of the Greeks. Out of The Bacchae"

"Worse," Iris said, "because it's not out of The Bacchae. It's out of

Claudia's life."

When, after almost a year of outpatient therapy, Claudia had a

rapprochement with her husband and he moved back into the

Athena house and the McChesneys resumed life together as a family

—when Harvey agreed to give up the other woman, if not his

other children, to whom he swore to remain a responsible father—

Claudia seemed no more eager than Iris to keep their friendship

alive, and after Claudia resigned from the art association, the

women no longer saw each other socially or at any of the organization

meetings where Iris was generally kingpin.

Nor did Coleman go ahead—as his triumph dictated when the

twins were born—to tell his wife his stunning secret. Saved, he

thought, from the most childishly sentimental stunt he could ever

have perpetrated. Suddenly to have begun to think the way a fool

thinks: suddenly to think the best of everything and everyone, to

shed entirely one's mistrust, one's caution, one's self-mistrust, to

think that all one's difficulties have come to an end, that all complications

have ceased to be, to forget not only where one is but how

one has got there, to surrender the diligence, the discipline, the taking

the measure of every last situation . . . As though the battle

that is each person's singular battle could somehow be abjured, as

though voluntarily one could pick up and leave off being one's self,

the characteristic, the immutable self in whose behalf the battle is

undertaken in the first place. The last of his children having been

born perfectly white had all but driven him to taking what was

strongest in him and wisest in him and tearing it to bits. Saved he

was by the wisdom that says, "Don't do anything."

THE HUMAN STAIN

But even earlier, after the birth of their first child, he had done

something almost equally stupid and sentimental. He was a young

classics professor from Adelphi down at the University of Pennsylvania

for a three-day conference on The Iliad; he had given a paper,

he had made some contacts, he'd even been quietly invited by a renowned

classicist to apply for a position opening at Princeton,

and, on the way home, thinking himself at the pinnacle of existence,

instead of heading north on the Jersey Turnpike, to get to

Long Island, he had very nearly turned south and made his way

down along the back roads of Salem and Cumberland counties to

Gouldtown, to his mother's ancestral home where they used to

hold the annual family picnic when he was a boy. Yes, then as well,

having become a father, he was going to try to give himself the easy

pleasure of one of those meaningful feelings that people will go in

search of whenever they cease to think. But because he had a son

didn't require him to turn south to Gouldtown any more than on

that same journey, when he reached north Jersey, his having had

this son required him to take the Newark exit and head toward East

Orange. There was yet another impulse to be suppressed: the impulse

he felt to see his mother, to tell her what had happened and to

bring her the boy. The impulse, two years after jettisoning her, and

despite Walter's warning, to show himself to his mother. No. Absolutely

not. And instead he continued straight on home to his white

wife and his white child.

And, some four decades later, all the while he was driving home

from the college, besieged by recrimination, remembering some of

the best moments of his life—the birth of his children, the exhilaration,

the all-too-innocent excitement, the wild wavering of his resolve,

the relief so great that it nearly undid his resolve—he was remembering

also the worst night of his life, remembering back to

his navy stint and the night he was thrown out of that Norfolk

whorehouse, the famous white whorehouse called Oris's. "You're a

black nigger, ain't you, boy?" and seconds later the bouncers had

WHAT DO YOU D O . . . ?

hurled him from the open front door, over the stairs to the sidewalk

and into the street. The place he was looking for was Lulu's, over

on Warwick Avenue—Lulu's, they shouted after him, was where his

black ass belonged. His forehead struck the pavement, and yet he

got himself up, ran until he saw an alleyway, and there cut away

from the street and the Shore Patrol, who were all over the place

on a Saturday, swinging their billy clubs. He wound up in the toilet

of the only bar he dared to enter looking as battered as he did—a

colored bar just a few hundred feet from Hampton Roads and the

Newport News ferry (the ferry conveying the sailors to Lulu's) and

some ten blocks from Oris's. It was his first colored bar since he was

an East Orange schoolkid, back when he and a friend used to run

the football pools out of Billy's Twilight Club down on the Newark

line. During his first two years of high school, on top of the surreptitious

boxing, he would be in and out of Billy's Twilight all

through the fall, and it was there that he'd garnered the barroom

lore he claimed to have learned—as an East Orange white kid—in a

tavern owned by his Jewish old man.

He was remembering how he'd struggled to stanch his cut face

and how he'd swabbed vainly away at his white jumper but how the

blood dripped steadily down to spatter everything. The seatless

bowl was coated with shit, the soggy plank floor awash with piss,

the sink, if that thing was a sink, a swillish trough of sputum and

puke—so that when the retching began because of the pain in his

wrist, he threw up onto the wall he was facing rather than lower his

face into all that filth.

It was a hideous, raucous dive, the worst, like no place he had

ever seen, the most abominable he could have imagined, but he had

to hide somewhere, and so, on a bench as far as he could get from

the human wreckage swarming the bar, and in the clutches of all his

fears, he tried to sip at a beer, to steady himself and dim the pain

and to avoid drawing attention. Not that anyone at the bar had

bothered looking his way after he'd bought the beer and disappeared

against the wall back of the empty tables: just as at the white

THE HUMAN STAIN

cathouse, nobody took him here for anything other than what

he was.

He still knew, with the second beer, that he was where he should

not be, yet if the Shore Patrol picked him up, if they discovered why

he'd been thrown out of Oris's, he was ruined: a court-martial, a

conviction, a long stretch at hard labor followed by a dishonorable

discharge—and all for having lied to the navy about his race, all for

having been stupid enough to step through a door where the only

out-and-out Negroes on the premises were either laundering the

linens or mopping up the slops.

This was it. He'd serve out his stint, do his time as a white man,

and this would be it. Because I can't pull it off, he thought—I don't

even want to. He'd never before known real disgrace. He'd never

before known what it was to hide from the police. Never before had

he bled from taking a blow—in all those rounds of amateur boxing

he had not lost a drop of blood or been hurt or damaged in any

way. But now the jumper of his whites was as red as a surgical dressing,

his pants were soggy with caking blood and, from where he'd

landed on his knees in the gutter, they were torn and dark with

grime. And his wrist had been injured, maybe even shattered, from

when he'd broken the fall with his hand—he couldn't move it or

bear to touch it. He drank off the beer and then got another in order

to try to deaden the pain.

This was what came of failing to fulfill his father's ideals, of flouting

his father's commands, of deserting his dead father altogether.

If only he'd done as his father had, as Walter had, everything would

be happening another way. But first he had broken the law by lying

to get into the navy, and now, out looking for a white woman to

fuck, he had plunged into the worst possible disaster. "Let me get

through to my discharge. Let me get out. Then I'll never lie again.

Just let me finish my time, and that's it!" It was the first he'd spoken

to his father since he'd dropped dead in the dining car.

If he kept this up, his life would amount to nothing. How did

Coleman know that? Because his father was speaking back to him

WHAT DO YOU DO. . . ?

—the old admonishing authority rumbling up once again from his

father's chest, resonant as always with the unequivocal legitimacy

of an upright man. If Coleman kept on like this, he'd end up in a

ditch with his throat slit. Look at where he was now. Look where he

had come to hide. And how? Why? Because of his credo, because of

his insolent, arrogant "I am not one of you, I can't bear you, I am

not part of your Negro we" credo. The great heroic struggle against

their we—and look at what he now looked like! The passionate

struggle for precious singularity, his revolt of one against the Negro

fate—and just look where the defiant great one had ended up! Is

this where you've come, Coleman, to seek the deeper meaning of

existence? A world of love, that's what you had, and instead you forsake

it for this! The tragic, reckless thing that you've done! And not

just to yourself—to us all. To Ernestine. To Walt. To Mother. To me.

To me in my grave. To my father in his. What else grandiose are you

planning, Coleman Brutus? Whom next are you going to mislead

and betray?

Still, he couldn't leave for the street because of his fear of the

Shore Patrol, and of the court-martial, and of the brig, and of the

dishonorable discharge that would hound him forever. Everything

in him was too stirred up for him to do anything but keep on

drinking until, of course, he was joined on the bench by a prostitute

who was openly of his own race.

When the Shore Patrol found him in the morning, they attributed

the bloody wounds and the broken wrist and the befouled,

disheveled uniform to his having spent a night in niggertown,

another swingin' white dick hot for black poon who—having got

himself reamed, steamed, and dry-cleaned (as well as properly tattooed

in the bargain)—had been deposited for the scavengers to

pick over in that glass-strewn lot back of the ferry slip.

"U.S. Navy" is all the tattoo said, the words, no more than a quarter

inch high, inscribed in blue pigment between the blue arms of a

blue anchor, itself a couple inches long. A most unostentatious design

as military tattoos go and, discreetly positioned just below the

THE HUMAN STAIN

joining of the right arm to the shoulder, a tattoo certainly easy

enough to hide. But when he remembered how he'd got it, it was

the mark evocative not only of the turbulence of the worst night of

his life but of all that underlay the turbulence—it was the sign of

the whole of his history, of the indivisibility of the heroism and the

disgrace. Embedded in that blue tattoo was a true and total image

of himself. The ineradicable biography was there, as was the prototype

of the ineradicable, a tattoo being the very emblem of what

cannot ever be removed. The enormous enterprise was also there.

The outside forces were there. The whole chain of the unforeseen,

all the dangers of exposure and all the dangers of concealment—

even the senselessness of life was there in that stupid little blue

tattoo.

His difficulties with Delphine Roux had begun the first semester he

was back in the classroom, when one of his students who happened

to be a favorite of Professor Roux's went to her, as department

chair, to complain about the Euripides plays in Coleman's Greek

tragedy course. One play was Hippolytus, the other Alcestis; the student,

Elena Mitnick, found them "degrading to women."

"So what shall I do to accommodate Miss Mitnick? Strike Euripides

from my reading list?"

"Not at all. Clearly everything depends on how you teach Euripides."

"And what," he asked, "is the prescribed method these days?"

thinking even as he spoke that this was not a debate for which he

had the patience or the civility. Besides, confounding Delphine

Roux was easier without engaging in the debate. Brimming though

she was with intellectual self-importance, she was twenty-nine

years old and virtually without experience outside schools, new to

her job and relatively new both to the college and to the country.

He understood from their previous encounters that her attempt to

appear to be not merely his superior but a supercilious superior—

"Clearly everything depends" and so on—was best repulsed by dis-

WHAT DO YOU D O . . . ?

playing complete indifference to her judgment. For all that she

could not bear him, she also couldn't bear that the academic credentials

that so impressed other of her Athena colleagues hadn't yet

overwhelmed the ex-dean. Despite herself, she could not escape

from being intimidated by the man who, five years earlier, had reluctantly

hired her fresh from the Yale graduate school and who, afterward,

never denied regretting it, especially when the psychological

numbskulls in his department settled on so deeply confused a

young woman as their chair.

To this day, she continued to be disquieted by Coleman Silk's

presence just to the degree that she wished for him now to be unsettled

by her. Something about him always led her back to her

childhood and the precocious child's fear that she is being seen

through; also to the precocious child's fear that she is not being

seen enough. Afraid of being exposed, dying to be seen—there's a

dilemma for you. Something about him made her even secondguess

her English, with which otherwise she felt wholly at ease.

Whenever they were face to face, something made her think that he

wanted nothing more than to tie her hands behind her back.

This something was what? The way he had sexually sized her up

when she first came to be interviewed in his office, or the way he

had failed to sexually size her up? It had been impossible to read his

reading of her, and that on a morning when she knew she had maximally

deployed all her powers. She had wanted to look terrific and

she did, she had wanted to be fluent and she was, she had wanted to

sound scholarly and she'd succeeded, she was sure. And yet he

looked at her as if she were a schoolgirl, Mr. and Mrs. Inconsequential's

little nobody child.

Now, perhaps that was because of the plaid kilt—the miniskirtlike

kilt might have made him think of a schoolgirl's uniform, especially

as the person wearing it was a trim, tiny, dark-haired young

woman with a small face that was almost entirely eyes and who

weighed, clothes and all, barely a hundred pounds. All she'd intended,

with the kilt as with the black cashmere turtleneck, black

THE HUMAN STAIN

tights, and high black boots, was neither to desexualize herself by

what she chose to wear (the university women she'd met so far in

America seemed all too strenuously to be doing just that) nor to

appear to be trying to tantalize him. Though he was said to be in his

mid-sixties, he didn't look to be any older than her fifty-year-old

father; he in fact resembled a junior partner in her father's firm,

one of several of her father's engineering associates who'd been eyeing

her since she was twelve. When, seated across from the dean, she

had crossed her legs and the flap of the kilt had fallen open, she had

waited a minute or two before pulling it closed—and pulling it

closed as perfunctorily as you close a wallet—only because, however

young she looked, she wasn't a schoolgirl with a schoolgirl's

fears and a schoolgirl's primness, caged in by a schoolgirl's rules.

She did not wish to leave that impression any more than to give

the opposite impression by allowing the flap to remain open and

thereby inviting him to imagine that she meant him to gaze

throughout the interview at her slim thighs in the black tights.

She had tried as best she could, with the choice of clothing as

with her manner, to impress upon him the intricate interplay of all

the forces that came together to make her so interesting at twentyfour.

Even her one piece of jewelry, the large ring she'd placed that

morning on the middle finger of her left hand, her sole decorative

ornament, had been selected for the sidelight it provided on the intellectual

she was, one for whom enjoying the aesthetic surface of

life openly, nondefensively, with her appetite and connoisseurship

undisguised, was nonetheless subsumed by a lifelong devotion to

scholarly endeavor. The ring, an eighteenth-century copy of a Roman

signet ring, was a man-sized ring formerly worn by a man. On

the oval agate, set horizontally—which was what made the ring so

masculinely chunky—was a carving of Danaë receiving Zeus as a

shower of gold. In Paris, four years earlier, when Delphine was

twenty, she had been given the ring as a love token from the professor

to whom it belonged—the one professor whom she'd been unable

to resist and with whom she'd had an impassioned affair. Co-

WHAT DO YOU D O . . . ?

incidentally, he had been a classicist. The first time they met, in his

office, he had seemed so remote, so judging, that she found herself

paralyzed with fear until she realized that he was playing the seduction

against the grain. Was that what this Dean Silk was up to?

However conspicuous the ring's size, the dean never did ask to

see the shower of gold carved in agate, and that, she decided, was

just as well. Though the story of how she'd come by the ring testified,

if anything, to an audacious adultness, he would have thought

the ring a frivolous indulgence, a sign that she lacked maturity. Except

for the stray hope, she was sure that he was thinking about her

along those lines from the moment they'd shaken hands—and she

was right. Coleman's take on her was of someone too young for the

job, incorporating too many as yet unresolved contradictions, at

once a little too grand about herself and, simultaneously, playing

at self-importance like a child, an imperfectly self-governed child,

quick to respond to the scent of disapproval, with a considerable

talent for being wounded, and drawn on, as both child and

woman, to achievement upon achievement, admirer upon

admirer, conquest upon conquest, as much by uncertainty as by

confidence. Someone smart for her age, even too smart, but off

the mark emotionally and seriously underdeveloped in most other

ways.

From her c.v. and from a supplementary autobiographical essay

of fifteen pages that accompanied it—which detailed the progress

of an intellectual journey begun at age six—he got the picture

clearly enough. Her credentials were indeed excellent, but everything

about her (including the credentials) struck him as particularly

wrong for a little place like Athena. Privileged 16th arrondissement

childhood on the rue de Longchamp. Monsieur Roux an

engineer, owner of a firm employing forty; Madame Roux (née de

Walincourt) born with an ancient noble name, provincial aristocracy,

wife, mother of three, scholar of medieval French literature,

master harpsichordist, scholar of harpsichord literature, papal historian,

"etc." And what a telling "etc." that was! Middle child and

only daughter Delphine graduated from the Lycée Janson de Sailly,

THE HUMAN STAIN

where she studied philosophy and literature, English and German,

Latin, French literature: "... read the entire body of French literature

in a very canonical way." After the Lycée Janson, Lycée Henri

IV: ". . . grueling in-depth study of French literature and philosophy,

English language and literary history." At twenty, after the

Lycée Henri IV, the École Normale Supérieure de Fontenay: ". . .

with the élite of French intellectual society... only thirty a year selected."

Thesis: "Self-Denial in Georges Bataille." Bataille? Not another

one. Every ultra-cool Yale graduate student is working on

either Mallarmé or Bataille. It isn't difficult to understand what

she intends for him to understand, especially as Coleman knows

something of Paris from being a young professor with family on a

Fulbright one year, and knows something about these ambitious

French kids trained in the elite lycées. Extremely well prepared, intellectually

well connected, very smart immature young people endowed

with the most snobbish French education and vigorously

preparing to be envied all their lives, they hang out every Saturday

night at the cheap Vietnamese restaurant on rue St. Jacques talking

about great things, never any mention of trivialities or small talk—

ideas, politics, philosophy only. Even in their spare time, when they

are all alone, they think only about the reception of Hegel in twentieth-

century French intellectual life. The intellectual must not be

frivolous. Life only about thought. Whether brainwashed to be aggressively

Marxist or to be aggressively anti-Marxist, they are congenitally

appalled by everything American. From this stuff and

more she comes to Yale: applies to teach French language to undergraduates

and to be incorporated into the Ph.D. program, and, as

she notes in her autobiographical essay, she is but one of two from

all of France who are accepted. "I arrived at Yale very Cartesian,

and there everything was much more pluralistic and polyphonic."

Amused by the undergraduates. Where's their intellectual side?

Completely shocked by their having fun. Their chaotic, nonideological

way of thinking—of living! They've never even seen a Kurosawa

film—they don't know that much. By the time she was their

age, she'd seen all the Kurosawas, all the Tarkovskys, all the Fellinis,

WHAT DO YOU D O . . . ?

all the Antonionis, all the Fassbinders, all the Wertmüllers, all the

Satyajit Rays, all the René Clairs, all the Wim Wenderses, all the

Truffauts, the Godards, the Chabrols, the Resnaises, the Rohmers,

the Renoirs, and all these kids have seen is Star Wars. In earnest at

Yale she resumes her intellectual mission, taking classes with the

most hip professors. A bit lost, however. Confused. Especially by

the other graduate students. She is used to being with people who

speak the same intellectual language, and these Americans . . .

And not everybody finds her that interesting. Expected to come to

America and have everyone say, "Oh, my God, she's a normalienne"

But in America no one appreciates the very special path she was on

in France and its enormous prestige. She's not getting the type of

recognition she was trained to get as a budding member of the

French intellectual elite. She's not even getting the kind of resentment

she was trained to get. Finds an adviser and writes her dissertation.

Defends it. Is awarded the degree. Gets it extraordinarily

rapidly because she had already worked so hard in France. So much

schooling and hard work, ready now for the big job at the big

school—Princeton, Columbia, Cornell, Chicago—and when she

gets nothing, she is crushed. A visiting position at Athena College?

Where and what is Athena College? She turns up her nose. Until

her adviser says, "Delphine, in this market, you get your big job

from another job. Visiting assistant professor at Athena College?

You may not have heard of it, but we have. Perfectly decent institution.

Perfectly decent job for a first job." Her fellow foreign graduate

students tell her that she's too good for Athena College, it would

be too declasse, but her fellow American graduate students, who

would kill for a job teaching in the Stop & Shop boiler room, think

that her uppityness is characteristically Delphine. Begrudgingly,

she applies—and winds up in her minikilt and boots across the

desk from Dean Silk. To get the second job, the fancy job, she first

needs this Athena job, but for nearly an hour Dean Silk listens to

her all but talk her way out of the Athena job. Narrative structure

and temporality. The internal contradictions of the work of art.

Rousseau hides himself and then his rhetoric gives him away. (A lit-

THE HUMAN STAIN

tie like her, thinks the dean, in that autobiographical essay.) The

critic's voice is as legitimate as the voice of Herodotus. Narratology.

The diegetic. The difference between diegesis and mimesis. The

bracketed experience. The proleptic quality of the text. Coleman

doesn't have to ask what all this means. He knows, in the original

Greek meaning, what all the Yale words mean and what all the

École Normale Supérieure words mean. Does she? As he's been at it

for over three decades, he hasn't time for any of this stuff. He

thinks: Why does someone so beautiful want to hide from the human

dimension of her experience behind these words? Perhaps just

because she is so beautiful. He thinks: So carefully self-appraising

and so utterly deluded.

Of course she had the credentials. But to Coleman she embodied

the sort of prestigious academic crap that the Athena students

needed like a hole in the head but whose appeal to the faculty second-

raters would prove irresistible.

At the time he thought that he was being open-minded by hiring

her. But more likely it was because she was so goddamn enticing. So

lovely. So alluring. And all the more so for looking so daughterly.

Delphine Roux had misread his gaze by thinking, a bit melodramatically

—one of the impediments to her adroitness, this impulse

not merely to leap to the melodramatic conclusion but to succumb

erotically to the melodramatic spell—that what he wanted was to

tie her hands behind her back: what he wanted, for every possible

reason, was not to have her around. And so he'd hired her. And thus

they seriously began not to get on.

And now it was she calling him to her office to be the interviewee.

By 1995, the year that Coleman had stepped down from the

deanship to return to teaching, the lure of petitely pretty Delphine's

all-encompassing chic, with its gaminish intimations of a subterranean

sensuality, along with the blandishments of her École

Normale sophistication (what Coleman described as "her permanent

act of self-inflation"), had appeared to him to have won over

just about every wooable fool professor and, not yet out of her

twenties—but with an eye perhaps on the deanship that had once

WHAT DO YOU D O . . . ?

been Coleman's—she succeeded to the chair of the smallish department

that some dozen years earlier had absorbed, along with the

other language departments, the old Classics Department in which

Coleman had begun as an instructor. In the new Department of

Languages and Literature there was a staff of eleven, one professor

in Russian, one in Italian, one in Spanish, one in German, there was

Delphine in French and Coleman Silk in classics, and there were

five overworked adjuncts, fledgling instructors as well as a few local

foreigners, teaching the elementary courses.

"Miss Mitnick's misreading of those two plays," he was telling

her, "is so grounded in narrow, parochial ideological concerns that

it does not lend itself to correction."

"Then you don't deny what she says—that you didn't try to help

her."

"A student who tells me that I speak to her in 'engendered language'

is beyond being assisted by me."

"Then," Delphine said lightly, "there's the problem, isn't it?"

He laughed—both spontaneously and for a purpose. "Yes? The

English I speak is insufficiently nuanced for a mind as refined as

Miss Mitnick's?"

"Coleman, you've been out of the classroom for a very long

time."

"And you haven't been out of it ever. My dear," he said, deliberately,

and with a deliberately irritating smile, "I've been reading and

thinking about these plays all my life."

"But never from Elena's feminist perspective."

"Never even from Moses's Jewish perspective. Never even from

the fashionable Nietzschean perspective about perspective."

"Coleman Silk, alone on the planet, has no perspective other

than the purely disinterested literary perspective."

"Almost without exception, my dear"—again? why not?—"our

students are abysmally ignorant. They've been incredibly badly educated.

Their lives are intellectually barren. They arrive knowing

nothing and most of them leave knowing nothing. Least of all do

they know, when they show up in my class, how to read classical

THE HUMAN STAIN

drama. Teaching at Athena, particularly in the 1990s, teaching what

is far and away the dumbest generation in American history, is the

same as walking up Broadway in Manhattan talking to yourself, except

instead of the eighteen people who hear you in the street talking

to yourself, they're all in the room. They know, like, nothing. After

nearly forty years of dealing with such students—and Miss

Mitnick is merely typical—I can tell you that a feminist perspective

on Euripides is what they least need. Providing the most naive of

readers with a feminist perspective on Euripides is one of the best

ways you could devise to close down their thinking before it's even

had a chance to begin to demolish a single one of their brainless

'likes.' I have trouble believing that an educated woman coming

from a French academic background like your own believes there is

a feminist perspective on Euripides that isn't simply foolishness.

Have you really been edified in so short a time, or is this just oldfashioned

careerism grounded right now in the fear of one's feminist

colleagues? Because if it is just careerism, it's fine with me. It's

human and I understand. But if it's an intellectual commitment

to this idiocy, then I am mystified, because you are not an idiot.

Because you know better. Because in France surely nobody from

the École Normale would dream of taking this stuff seriously. Or

would they? To read two plays like Hippolytus and Alcestis, then to

listen to a week of classroom discussion on each, then to have nothing

to say about either of them other than that they are 'degrading

to women,' isn't a 'perspective,' for Christ's sake—it's mouthwash.

It's just the latest mouthwash."

"Elena's a student. She's twenty years old. She's learning."

"Sentimentalizing one's students ill becomes you, my dear. Take

them seriously. Elena's not learning. She's parroting. Why she ran

directly to you is because it's more than likely you she's parroting."

"That is not true, though if it pleases you to culturally frame me

like that, that is okay too, and entirely predictable. If you feel safely

superior putting me in that silly frame, so be it, my dear," she delighted

now in saying with a smile of her own. "Your treatment of

WHAT DO YOU D O. . . ?

Elena was offensive to her. That was why she ran to me. You frightened

her. She was upset."

"Well, I develop irritating personal mannerisms when I am confronting

the consequences of my ever having hired someone like

you."

"And," she replied, "some of our students develop irritating personal

mannerisms when they are confronting fossilized pedagogy.

If you persist in teaching literature in the tedious way you are used

to, if you insist on the so-called humanist approach to Greek tragedy

you've been taking since the 1950s, conflicts like this are going

to arise continually."

"Good," he said. "Let them come." And walked out. And then

that very next semester when Tracy Cummings ran to Professor

Roux, close to tears, barely able to speak, baffled at having learned

that, behind her back, Professor Silk had employed a malicious racial

epithet to characterize her to her classmates, Delphine decided

that asking Coleman to her office to discuss the charge could only

be a waste of time. Since she was sure that he would behave no

more graciously than he had the last time a female student had

complained—and sure from past experience that should she call

him in, he would once again condescend to her in his patronizing

way, yet another upstart female daring to inquire into his conduct,

yet another woman whose concerns he must trivialize should he

deign even to address them—she had turned the matter over to the

accessible dean of faculty who had succeeded him. From then on

she was able to spend her time more usefully with Tracy, steadying,

comforting, as good as taking charge of the girl, a parentless black

youngster so badly demoralized that, in the first few weeks after

the episode, to prevent her from picking up and running away—

and running away to nothing—Delphine had gained permission to

move her out of the dormitory into a spare room in her own apartment

and to take her on, temporarily, as a kind of ward. Though by

the end of the academic year, Coleman Silk, by removing himself

from the faculty voluntarily, had essentially confessed to his malice

THE HUMAN STAIN

in the spooks affair, the damage done Tracy proved too debilitating

for someone so uncertain to begin with: unable to concentrate on

her work because of the investigation and frightened of Professor

Silk's prejudicing other teachers against her, she had failed all her

courses. Tracy packed up not only to leave the college but to pull

out of town altogether—out of Athena, where Delphine had been

hoping to find her a job and get her tutored and keep an eye on her

till she could get back into school. One day Tracy took a bus to

Oklahoma, to stay with a half-sister in Tulsa, yet using the Tulsa address,

Delphine had been unable to locate the girl ever again.

And then Delphine heard about Coleman Silk's relationship with

Faunia Farley, which he was doing everything possible to hide. She

couldn't believe it—two years into retirement, seventy-one years

old, and the man was still at it. With no more female students who

dared question his bias for him to intimidate, with no more young

black girls needing nurturing for him to ridicule, with no more

young women professors like herself threatening his hegemony for

him to browbeat and insult, he had managed to dredge up, from

the college's nethermost reaches, a candidate for subjugation who

was the prototype of female helplessness: a full-fledged battered

wife. When Delphine stopped by the personnel office to learn what

she could about Faunia's background, when she read about the exhusband

and the horrifying death of the two small children—in a

mysterious fire set, some suspected, by the ex-husband—when she

read of the illiteracy that limited Faunia to performing only the

most menial of janitorial tasks, she understood that Coleman Silk

had managed to unearth no less than a misogynist's heart's desire:

in Faunia Farley he had found someone more defenseless even than

Elena or Tracy, the perfect woman to crush. For whoever at Athena

had ever dared to affront his preposterous sense of prerogative,

Faunia Farley would now be made to answer.

And no one to stop him, Delphine thought. No one to stand in

his way.

With the realization that he was beyond the jurisdiction of the

college and therefore restrained by nothing from taking his revenge

WHAT DO YOU D O . . . ?

on her—on her, yes, on her for everything she had done to prevent

him from psychologically terrorizing his female students, on her

for the role she had willingly played in having him stripped of authority

and removed from the classroom—she was unable to contain

her outrage. Faunia Farley was his substitute for her. Through

Faunia Farley he was striking back at her. Who else's face and name

and form does she suggest to you but mine—the mirror image of

me, she could suggest to you no one else's. By luring a woman who

is, as I am, employed by Athena College, who is, as I am, less than

half your age—yet a woman otherwise my opposite in every way—

you at once cleverly masquerade and flagrantly disclose just who it

is you wish to destroy. You are not so unshrewd as not to know it,

and, from your own august station, you are ruthless enough to enjoy

it. But neither am I so stupid as not to recognize that it's me, in

effigy, you are out to get.

Understanding had come so swiftly, in sentences so spontaneously

explosive, that even as she signed her name at the bottom of

the letter's second page and addressed an envelope to him in care of

general delivery, she was still seething at the thought of the viciousness

that could make of this dreadfully disadvantaged woman who

had already lost everything a toy, that could capriciously turn a suffering

human being like Faunia Farley into a plaything only so as to

revenge himself on her. How could even he do this? No, she would

not alter by one syllable what she'd written nor would she bother to

type it up so as to make it easier for him to read. She refused to vitiate

her message where it was graphically demonstrated by the propulsive,

driven slant of her script. Let him not underestimate her

resolve: nothing was now more important to her than exposing

Coleman Silk for what he was.

But twenty minutes later she tore up the letter. And luckily.

Luckily. When the unbridled idealism swept over her, she could not

always see it as fantasy. Right she was to reprimand so reprehensible

a predator. But to imagine saving a woman as far gone as Faunia

Farley when she hadn't been able to rescue Tracy? To imagine prevailing

against a man who, in his embittered old age, was free now

THE HUMAN STAIN

not only of every institutional restraint but—humanist that he

was!—of every humane consideration? For her there could be no

greater delusion than believing herself a match for Coleman Silk's

guile. Even a letter so clearly composed in the white heat of moral

repulsion, a letter unmistakably informing him that his secret was

out, that he was unmasked, exposed, tracked down, would somehow,

in his hands, be twisted into an indictment with which to

compromise her and, if the opportunity presented itself, to outright

ruin her.

He was ruthless and he was paranoid, and whether she liked it or

not, there were practical matters to take into account, concerns that

might not have impeded her back when she was a Marxist-oriented

lycée student whose inability to sanction injustice sometimes, admittedly,

overtook common sense. But now she was a college professor,

awarded early tenure, already chairperson of her own department,

and all but certain of moving on someday to Princeton,

to Columbia, to Cornell, to Chicago, perhaps even triumphantly

back to Yale. A letter like this, signed by her and passed from hand

to hand by Coleman Silk until, inevitably, it found its way to whoever,

out of envy, out of resentment, because she was just too damn

successful too young, might wish to undermine her ... Yes, bold as

it was, with none of her fury censored out, this letter would be used

by him to trivialize her, to contend that she lacked maturity and

had no business being anyone's superior. He had connections, he

knew people still—he could do it. He would do it, so falsify her

meaning...

Quickly she tore the letter into tiny pieces and, at the center of a

clean sheet of paper, with a red ballpoint pen of the kind she ordinarily

never used for correspondence and in big block letters that

no one would recognize as hers, she wrote:

Everyone knows

But that was all. She stopped herself there. Three nights later,

minutes after turning out the lights, she got up out of bed and, having

come to her senses, went to her desk to crumple up and discard

WHAT DO YOU D O . . . ?

and forget forever the piece of paper beginning "Everyone knows"

and instead, leaning over the desk, without even seating herself—

fearing that in the time it took to sit down she would again lose her

nerve—she wrote in a rush ten more words that would suffice to let

him know that exposure was imminent. The envelope was addressed,

stamped, the unsigned note sealed up inside it, the desk

lamp flicked off, and Delphine, relieved at having decisively settled

on the most telling thing to do within the practical limitations of

her situation, was back in bed and morally primed to sleep untroubled.

But she had first to subdue everything driving her to get back up

and tear open the envelope so as to reread what she'd written, to see

if she had said too little or said it too feebly—or said it too stridently.

Of course that wasn't her rhetoric. It couldn't be. That's why

she'd used it—it was too blatant, too vulgar, far too sloganlike to be

traced to her. But for that very reason, it was perhaps misjudged by

her and unconvincing. She had to get up to see if she had remembered

to disguise her handwriting—to see if, inadvertently, under

the spell of the moment, in an angry flourish, she had forgotten

herself and signed her name. She had to see if there was any way in

which she had unthinkingly revealed who she was. And if she had?

She should sign her name. Her whole life had been a battle not to be

cowed by the Coleman Silks, who use their privilege to overpower

everyone else and do exactly as they please. Speaking to men.

Speaking up to men. Even to much older men. Learning not to be

fearful of their presumed authority or their sage pretensions. Figuring

out that her intelligence did matter. Daring to consider herself

their equal. Learning, when she put forward an argument and it

didn't work, to overcome the urge to capitulate, learning to summon

up the logic and the confidence and the cool to keep arguing,

no matter what they did or said to shut her up. Learning to take the

second step, to sustain the effort instead of collapsing. Learning to

argue her point without backing down. She didn't have to defer to

him, she didn't have to defer to anyone. He was no longer the dean

who had hired her. Nor was he department chair. She was. Dean

THE HUMAN STAIN

Silk was now nothing. She should indeed open that envelope to

sign her name. He was nothing. It had all the comfort of a mantra:

nothing.

She walked around with the sealed envelope in her purse for

weeks, going over her reasons, not only to send it but to go ahead

and sign it. He settles on this broken woman who cannot possibly

fight back. Who cannot begin to compete with him. Who intellectually

does not even exist. He settles on a woman who has never defended

herself, who cannot defend herself, the weakest woman on

this earth to take advantage of, drastically inferior to him in every

possible way—and settles on her for the most transparent of antithetical

motives: because he considers all women inferior and because

he's frightened of any woman with a brain. Because I speak

up for myself, because I will not be bullied, because I'm successful,

because I'm attractive, because I'm independent-minded, because I

have a first-rate education, a first-rate degree...

And then, down in New York, where she'd gone one Saturday to

see the Jackson Pollock show, she pulled the envelope out of the

purse and all but dropped the twelve-word letter, unsigned, into a

mailbox in the Port Authority building, the first mailbox she saw

after stepping from the Bonanza bus. It was still in her hand when

she got on the subway, but once the train started moving she forgot

about the letter, stuck it back in her bag, and let the meaningfulness

of the subway take hold. She remained amazed and excited

by the New York subway. When she was in the Métro in Paris she

never thought about it, but the melancholic anguish of the people

in the New York subway never failed to restore her belief in the

rightness of her having come to America. The New York subway

was the symbol of why she'd come—her refusal to shrink from

reality.

The Pollock show emotionally so took possession of her that she

felt, as she advanced from one stupendous painting to the next,

something of that swelling, clamorous feeling that is the mania of

lust. When a woman's cell phone suddenly went off while the whole

WHAT DO YOU D O . . . ?

of the chaos of the painting entitled Number 1A, 1948 was entering

wildly into the space that previously that day—previously that

year—had been nothing more than her body, she was so furious

that she turned and exclaimed, "Madam, I'd like to strangle you!"

Then she went to the New York Public Library on Forty-second

Street. She always did this in New York. She went to the museums,

to the galleries, to concerts, she went to the movies that would

never make their way to the one dreadful theater in backwoods

Athena, and, in the end, no matter what specific things she'd come

to New York to do, she wound up for an hour or so reading whatever

book she'd brought with her while sitting in the main reading

room of the library.

She reads. She looks around. She observes. She has little crushes

on the men there. In Paris she had seen the movie Marathon Man at

one of the festivals. (No one knows that at the movies she is a terrible

sentimentalist and is often in tears.) In Marathon Man, the

character, the fake student, hangs out at the New York Public

Library and is picked up by Dustin Hoffman, and so it's in that romantic

light that she has always thought of the New York Public

Library. So far no one has picked her up there, except for a medical

student who was too young, too raw, and immediately said the

wrong thing. Right off he had said something about her accent, and

she could not bear him. A boy who had not lived at all. He made

her feel like a grandmother. She had, by his age, been through so

many love affairs and so much thinking and rethinking, so many

levels of suffering—at twenty, years younger than him, she had already

lived her big love story not once but twice. In part she had

come to America in flight from her love story (and, also, to make

her exit as a bit player in the long-running drama—entitled Etc.—

that was the almost criminally successful life of her mother). But

now she is extremely lonely in her plight to find a man to connect

with.

Others who try to pick her up sometimes say something acceptable

enough, sometimes ironic enough or mischievous enough to

THE HUMAN STAIN

be charming, but then—because up close she is more beautiful

than they had realized and, for one so petite, a little more arrogant

than they may have expected—they get shy and back off. The

ones who make eye contact with her are automatically the ones she

doesn't like. And the ones who are lost in their books, who are

charmingly oblivious and charmingly desirable, are... lost in their

books. Whom is she looking for? She is looking for the man who is

going to recognize her. She is looking for the Great Recognizer.

Today she is reading, in French, a book by Julia Kristeva, a treatise

as wonderful as any ever written on melancholy, and across at

the next table she sees a man reading, of all things, a book in French

by Kristeva's husband, Philippe Sollers. Sollers is someone whose

playfulness she refuses any longer to take seriously for all that she

did at an earlier point in her intellectual development; the playful

French writers, unlike the playful Eastern European writers like

Kundera, no longer satisfy her . . . but that is not the issue at the

New York Public Library. The issue is the coincidence, a coincidence

that is almost sinister. In her craving, restless state, she

launches into a thousand speculations about the man who is reading

Sollers while she is reading Kristeva and feels the imminence

not only of a pickup but of an affair. She knows that this darkhaired

man of forty or forty-two has just the kind of gravitas that

she cannot find in anyone at Athena. What she is able to surmise

from the way he quietly sits and reads makes her increasingly hopeful

that something is about to happen.

And something does: a girl comes by to meet him, decidedly a

girl, someone younger even than she is, and the two of them go off

together, and she gathers up her things and leaves the library and at

the first mailbox she sees, she takes the letter from her purse—the

letter she's been carrying there for over a month—and she thrusts it

into the mailbox with something like the fury with which she told

the woman at the Pollock show that she wanted to strangle her.

There! It's gone! I did it! Good!

A full five seconds must pass before the magnitude of the blun-

WHAT DO YOU D O . . . ?

der overwhelms her and she feels her knees weaken. "Oh, my God!"

Even after her having left it unsigned, even after her having employed

a vulgar rhetoric not her own, the letter's origins are going

to be no mystery to someone as fixated on her as Coleman Silk.

Now he will never leave her alone.

4

What Maniac Conceived It?

I SAW COLEMAN ALIVE only one more time after that July. He

himself never told me about the visit to the college or the phone

call from the student union to his son Jeff. I learned of his having

been on the campus that day because he'd been observed there—

inadvertently, from an office window—by his former colleague

Herb Keble, who, near the end of his speech at the funeral, alluded

to seeing Coleman standing hidden back against the shadowed wall

of North Hall, seemingly secreting himself for reasons that Keble

only could guess at. I knew about the phone call because Jeff Silk,

whom I spoke with after the funeral, mentioned something about

it, enough for me to know that the call had gone wildly out of

Coleman's control. It was directly from Nelson Primus that I

learned of the visit that Coleman had made to the attorney's office

earlier on the same day he'd phoned Jeff and that had ended, like

the other call, with Coleman lashing out in vituperative disgust. After

that, neither Primus nor Jeff Silk ever spoke to Coleman again.

Coleman didn't return their calls or mine—turned out he didn't return

anyone's—and then it seems he disconnected his answering

machine, because soon enough the phone just rang on endlessly

when I tried to reach him.

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

He was there alone in the house, however—he hadn't gone away.

I knew he was there because, after a couple of weeks of phoning unsuccessfully,

one Saturday evening early in August I drove by after

dark to check. Only a few lamps were burning but, sure enough,

when I pulled over beside Coleman's hugely branched ancient maples,

cut my engine, and sat motionless in the car on the blacktop

road down at the bottom of the undulating lawn, there was the

dance music coming from the open windows of the black-shuttered,

white clapboard house, the evening-long Saturday FM program

that took him back to Steena Palsson and the basement room

on Sullivan Street right after the war. He is in there now just with

Faunia, each of them protecting the other against everyone else—

each of them, to the other, comprising everyone else. There they

dance, as likely as not unclothed, beyond the ordeal of the world, in

an unearthly paradise of earthbound lust where their coupling is

the drama into which they decant all the angry disappointment of

their lives. I remembered something he'd told me Faunia had said

in the afterglow of one of their evenings, when so much seemed to

be passing between them. He'd said to her, "This is more than sex,"

and flatly she replied, "No, it's not. You just forgot what sex is. This

is sex. All by itself. Don't fuck it up by pretending it's something

else."

Who are they now? They are the simplest version possible of

themselves. The essence of singularity. Everything painful congealed

into passion. They may no longer even regret that things are

not otherwise. They are too well entrenched in disgust for that.

They are out from under everything ever piled on top of them.

Nothing in life tempts them, nothing in life excites them, nothing

in life subdues their hatred of life anything like this intimacy. Who

are these drastically unalike people, so incongruously allied at seventy-

one and thirty-four? They are the disaster to which they are

enjoined. To the beat of Tommy Dorsey's band and the gentle

crooning of young Sinatra, dancing their way stark naked right into

a violent death. Everyone on earth does the end differently: this is

THE HUMAN STAIN

how the two of them work it out. There is now no way they will

stop themselves in time. It's done.

I am not alone in listening to the music from the road.

When my calls were not returned, I assumed that Coleman wished

to have nothing more to do with me. Something had gone wrong,

and I assumed, as one does when a friendship ends abruptly—a

new friendship particularly—that I was responsible, if not for some

indiscreet word or deed that had deeply irritated or offended him,

then by being who and what I am. Coleman had first come to me,

remember, because, unrealistically, he hoped to persuade me to

write the book explaining how the college had killed his wife; permitting

this same writer to nose around in his private life was probably

the last thing he now wanted. I didn't know what to conclude

other than that his concealing from me the details of his life with

Faunia had, for whatever reason, come to seem to him far wiser

than his continuing to confide in me.

Of course I knew nothing then of the truth of his origins—that,

too, I'd learn about conclusively at the funeral—and so I couldn't

begin to surmise that the reason we'd never met in the years before

Iris's death, the reason that he'd wanted not to meet, was because I

had myself grown up only a few miles from East Orange and because,

having more than a run-of-the-mill familiarity with the region,

I might be too knowledgeable or too curious to leave his roots

in Jersey unscrutinized. Suppose I turned out to have been one

of the Newark Jewish boys in Doc Chizner's after-school boxing

classes? The fact is that I was one, but not until '46 and '47, by

which time Silky was no longer helping Doc teach kids like me the

right way to stand and move and throw a punch but was at NYU on

the GI Bill.

The fact is that, having befriended me during the time he was

writing his draft of Spooks, he had indeed taken the risk, and a foolish

one at that, of being exposed, nearly six decades on, as East

Orange High's Negro valedictorian, the colored kid who'd boxed

around Jersey in amateur bouts out of the Morton Street Boys Club

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

before entering the navy as a white man; dropping me in the middle

of that summer made sense for every possible reason, even if I

had no way of imagining why.

Well, to the last time I saw him. One August Saturday, out of loneliness,

I drove over to Tanglewood to hear the open rehearsal of the

next day's concert program. A week after having parked down from

his house, I was still both missing Coleman and missing the experience

of having an intimate friend, and so I thought to make myself

a part of that smallish Saturday-morning audience that fills about a

quarter of the Music Shed for these rehearsals, an audience of summer

folks who are music lovers and of visiting music students, but

mainly of elderly tourists, people with hearing aids and people carrying

binoculars and people paging through the New York Times

who'd been bused to the Berkshires for the day.

Maybe it was the oddness born of my being out and about that

did it, the momentary experience of being a sociable creature (or a

creature feigning sociability), or maybe it was because of a fleeting

notion I had of the elderly congregated together in the audience as

embarkees, as deportees, waiting to be floated away on the music's

buoyancy from the all-too-tangible enclosure of old age, but on this

breezy, sunny Saturday in the last summer of Coleman Silk's life,

the Music Shed kept reminding me of the open-sided piers that

once extended cavernously out over the Hudson, as though one of

those spacious, steel-raftered piers dating from when ocean liners

docked in Manhattan had been raised from the water in all its

hugeness and rocketed north a hundred and twenty miles, set down

intact on the spacious Tanglewood lawn, a perfect landing amid the

tall trees and sweeping views of mountainous New England.

As I made my way to a single empty seat that I spotted, one of the

few empty seats close to the stage that nobody had as yet designated

as reserved by slinging a sweater or a jacket across it, I kept thinking

that we were all going somewhere together, had in fact gone and

gotten there, leaving everything behind . . . when all we were doing

was readying ourselves to hear the Boston Symphony rehearse

THE HUMAN STAIN

Rachmaninoff, Prokofiev, and Rimsky-Korsakov. Underfoot at the

Music Shed there's a packed brown earth floor that couldn't make it

clearer that your chair's aground on terra firma; roosting at the

peak of the structure are the birds whose tweeting you hear in the

weighty silence between orchestral movements, the swallows and

wrens that wing busily in from the woods down the hill and then go

zipping off again in a way no bird would have dared cut loose from

Noah's floating Ark. We were about a three-hour drive west of the

Atlantic, but I couldn't shake this dual sense of both being where I

was and of having pushed off, along with the rest of the senior citizens,

for a mysterious watery unknown.

Was it merely death that was on my mind in thinking of this debarkation?

Death and myself? Death and Coleman? Or was it death

and an assemblage of people able still to find pleasure in being

bused about like a bunch of campers on a summer outing, and yet,

as a palpable human multitude, an entity of sensate flesh and warm

red blood, separated from oblivion by the thinnest, most fragile

layer of life?

The program that preceded the rehearsal was just ending when I

arrived. A lively lecturer dressed in a sport shirt and khaki trousers

stood before the empty orchestra chairs introducing the audience

to the last of the pieces they'd be hearing—on a tape machine

playing for them bits of Rachmaninoff and speaking brightly of

"the dark, rhythmic quality" of the Symphonic Dances. Only when

he'd finished and the audience broke into applause did somebody

emerge from the wings to uncover the timpani and begin to set out

the sheet music on the music stands. At the far side of the stage, a

couple of stagehands appeared carrying the harps, and then the

musicians entered, chatting with one another as they drifted on, all

of them, like the lecturer, casually dressed for the rehearsal—an

oboist in a gray hooded sweatshirt, a couple of bass players wearing

faded Levi's, and then the fiddle players, men and women alike

outfitted, from the look of it, by Banana Republic. As the conductor

was slipping on his glasses—a guest conductor, Sergiu Commissiona,

an aged Romanian in a turtleneck shirt, white bush of hair

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

up top, blue espadrilles below—and the childishly courteous audience

once again began to applaud, I noticed Coleman and Faunia

walking down the aisle, looking for a place close-up to sit.

The musicians, about to undergo their transformation from a

bunch of seemingly untroubled vacationers into a powerful, fluid

music machine, had already settled in and were tuning up as the

couple—the tall, gaunt-faced blond woman and the slender, handsome,

gray-haired man not so tall as she and much older, though

still walking his light-footed athletic walk—made their way to two

empty seats three rows down from me and off to my right some

twenty feet.

The piece by Rimsky-Korsakov was a tuneful fairy tale of oboes

and flutes whose sweetness the audience found irresistible, and

when the orchestra came to the end of their first go-round enthusiastic

applause again poured forth like an upsurge of innocence

from the elderly crowd. The musicians had indeed laid bare the

youngest, most innocent of our ideas of life, the indestructible

yearning for the way things aren't and can never be. Or so I thought

as I turned my gaze toward my former friend and his mistress and

found them looking nothing like so unusual or humanly isolated as

I'd been coming to envision the pair of them since Coleman had

dropped out of sight. They looked nothing like immoderate people,

least of all Faunia, whose sculpted Yankee features made me think

of a narrow room with windows in it but no door. Nothing about

these two seemed at odds with life or on the attack—or on the

defensive, either. Perhaps by herself, in this unfamiliar environment,

Faunia mightn't have been so at ease as she seemed, but with

Coleman at her side, her affinity for the setting appeared no less

natural than the affinity for him. They didn't look like a pair of

desperadoes sitting there together but rather like a couple who

had achieved their own supremely concentrated serenity, who took

no notice whatsoever of the feelings and fantasies that their presence

might foment anywhere in the world, let alone in Berkshire

County.

I wondered if Coleman had coached her beforehand on how he

THE HUMAN STAIN

wanted her to behave. I wondered if she'd listen if he had. I wondered

if coaching was necessary. I wondered why he'd chosen to

bring her to Tanglewood. Simply because he wanted to hear the

music? Because he wanted her to hear it and to see the live musicians?

Under the auspices of Aphrodite, in the guise of Pygmalion,

and in the environs of Tanglewood, was the retired classics professor

now bringing recalcitrant, transgressive Faunia to life as a tastefully

civilized Galatea? Was Coleman embarked on educating her,

on influencing her—embarked on saving her from the tragedy of

her strangeness? Was Tanglewood a first big step toward making of

their waywardness something less unorthodox? Why so soon? Why

at all? Why, when everything they had and were together had

evolved out of the subterranean and the clandestinely crude? Why

bother to normalize or regularize this alliance, why even attempt to,

by going around as a "couple"? Since the publicness will tend only

to erode the intensity, is this, in fact, what they truly want? What he

wants? Was taming essential now to their lives, or did their being

here have no such meaning? Was this some joke they were playing,

an act designed to agitate, a deliberate provocation? Were they

smiling to themselves, these carnal beasts, or merely there listening

to the music?

Since they didn't get up to stretch or stroll around while the orchestra

took a break and a piano was rolled onto the stage—for

Prokofiev's Second Piano Concerto—I remained in place as well.

There was a bit of a chill inside the shed, more of an autumnal than

a summery coolness, though the sunlight, spread brilliantly across

the great lawn, was warming those who preferred to listen and enjoy

themselves from outside, a mostly younger audience of twentyish

couples and mothers holding small children and picnicking

families already breaking out the lunch from their hampers. Three

rows down from me, Coleman, his head tipped slightly toward hers,

was talking to Faunia quietly, seriously, but about what, of course,

I did not know.

Because we don't know, do we? Everyone knows . . . How what

happens the way it does? What underlies the anarchy of the train of

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

events, the uncertainties, the mishaps, the disunity, the shocking irregularities

that define human affairs? Nobody knows, Professor

Roux. "Everyone knows" is the invocation of the cliche and the beginning

of the banalization of experience, and it's the solemnity

and the sense of authority that people have in voicing the cliché

that's so insufferable. What we know is that, in an unclichéd way,

nobody knows anything. You can't know anything. The things you

know you don't know. Intention? Motive? Consequence? Meaning?

All that we don't know is astonishing. Even more astonishing is

what passes for knowing.

As the audience filed back in, I began, cartoonishly, to envisage

the fatal malady that, without anyone's recognizing it, was working

away inside us, within each and every one of us: to visualize the

blood vessels occluding under the baseball caps, the malignancies

growing beneath the permed white hair, the organs misfiring, atrophying,

shutting down, the hundreds of billions of murderous cells

surreptitiously marching this entire audience toward the improbable

disaster ahead. I couldn't stop myself. The stupendous decimation

that is death sweeping us all away. Orchestra, audience, conductor,

technicians, swallows, wrens—think of the numbers for

Tanglewood alone just between now and the year 4000. Then multiply

that times everything. The ceaseless perishing. What an idea!

What maniac conceived it? And yet what a lovely day it is today, a

gift of a day, a perfect day lacking nothing in a Massachusetts vacation

spot that is itself as harmless and pretty as any on earth.

Then Bronfman appears. Bronfman the brontosaur! Mr. Fortissimo!

Enter Bronfman to play Prokofiev at such a pace and with

such bravado as to knock my morbidity clear out of the ring. He is

conspicuously massive through the upper torso, a force of nature

camouflaged in a sweatshirt, somebody who has strolled into the

Music Shed out of a circus where he is the strongman and who

takes on the piano as a ridiculous challenge to the gargantuan

strength he revels in. Yefim Bronfman looks less like the person

who is going to play the piano than like the guy who should be

moving it. I had never before seen anybody go at a piano like this

THE HUMAN STAIN

sturdy little barrel of an unshaven Russian Jew. When he's finished,

I thought, they'll have to throw the thing out. He crushes it. He

doesn't let that piano conceal a thing. Whatever's in there is going

to come out, and come out with its hands in the air. And when it

does, everything there out in the open, the last of the last pulsation,

he himself gets up and goes, leaving behind him our redemption.

With a jaunty wave, he is suddenly gone, and though he takes all

his fire off with him like no less a force than Prometheus, our own

lives now seem inextinguishable. Nobody is dying, nobody—not if

Bronfman has anything to say about it!

There was another break in the rehearsal, and when Faunia and

Coleman got up this time, to leave the shed, so did I.I waited for

them to precede me, not sure how to approach Coleman or—since

it seemed that he no longer had any more use for me than for anyone

else hereabouts—whether to approach him at all. Yet I did miss

him. And what had I done? That yearning for a friend came to the

surface just as it had when we'd first met, and once again, because

of a magnetism in Coleman, an allure that I could never quite specify,

I found no efficient way of putting it down.

I watched from some ten feet behind as they moved in a shuffling

cluster of people slowly up the incline of the aisle toward the sunlit

lawn, Coleman talking quietly to Faunia again, his hand between

her shoulder blades, the palm of his hand against her spine guiding

her along as he explained whatever he was now explaining about

whatever it was she did not know. Once outside, they set off across

the lawn, presumably toward the main gate and the dirt field beyond

that was the parking lot, and I made no attempt to follow.

When I happened to look back toward the shed, I could see inside,

under the lights on the stage, that the eight beautiful bass fiddles

were in a neat row where the musicians, before going off to take a

break, had left them resting on their sides. Why this too should remind

me of the death of all of us I could not fathom. A graveyard

of horizontal instruments? Couldn't they more cheerily have put

me in mind of a pod of whales?

I was standing on the lawn stretching myself, taking the warmth

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

of the sun on my back for another few seconds before returning to

my seat to hear the Rachmaninoff, when I saw them returning—

apparently they'd left the vicinity of the shed only to walk the

grounds, perhaps for Coleman to show her the views off to the

south—and now they were headed back to hear the orchestra conclude

its open rehearsal with the Symphonic Dances. To learn what I

could learn, I decided then to head directly toward them for all that

they still looked like people whose business was entirely their own.

Waving at Coleman, waving and saying "Hello, there. Coleman,

hello," I blocked their way.

"I thought I saw you," Coleman said, and though I didn't believe

him, I thought, What better to say to put her at her ease? To put me

at my ease. To put himself at his. Without a trace of anything but

the easygoing, hard-nosed dean-of-faculty charm, seemingly irritated

not at all by my sudden appearance, Coleman said, "Mr.

Bronfman's something. I was telling Faunia that he took ten years at

least out of that piano."

"I was thinking along those lines myself."

"This is Faunia Farley," he said to me, and to her, "This is Nathan

Zuckerman. You two met out at the farm."

Closer to my height than to his. Lean and austere. Little, if anything,

to be learned from the eyes. Decidedly uneloquent face. Sensuality?

Nil. Nowhere to be seen. Outside the milking parlor, everything

alluring shut down. She had managed to make herself so that

she wasn't even here to be seen. The skill of an animal, whether

predator or prey.

She wore faded jeans and a pair of moccasins—as did Coleman

—and, with the sleeves rolled up, an old button-down tattersail

shirt that I recognized as one of his.

"I've missed you," I said to him. "Maybe I can take you two to

dinner some night."

"Good idea. Yes. Let's do that."

Faunia was no longer paying attention. She was looking off into

the tops of the trees. They were swaying in the wind, but she was

watching them as though they were speaking. I realized then that

THE HUMAN STAIN

she was quite lacking in something, and I didn't mean the capacity

to attend to small talk. What I meant I would have named if I could.

It wasn't intelligence. It wasn't poise. It wasn't decorum or decency

—she could pull off that ploy easily enough. It wasn't depth

—shallowness wasn't the problem. It wasn't inwardness—one saw

that inwardly she was dealing with plenty. It wasn't sanity—she was

sane and, in a slightly sheepish way, haughty-seeming as well, superior

through the authority of her suffering. Yet a piece of her was

decidedly not there.

I noticed a ring on the middle finger of her right hand. The stone

was milky white. An opal. I was sure that he had given it to her.

By contrast to Faunia, Coleman was very much of a piece, or appeared

so. Glibly so. I knew he had no intention of taking Faunia

out to dinner with me or anyone else.

"The Madamaska Inn," I said. "Eat outside. How about it?"

Never had I seen Coleman any more courtly than when he said

to me, lying, "The inn—right. We must. We will. But let us take

you. Nathan, let's speak," he said, suddenly in a rush and grabbing

at Faunia's hand. Motioning with his head toward the Music Shed,

he said, "I want Faunia to hear the Rachmaninoff." And they were

gone, the lovers, "fled away," as Keats wrote, "into the storm."

In barely a couple of minutes so much had happened, or seemed

to have happened—for nothing of any importance had actually occurred

—that instead of returning to my seat, I began to wander

about, like a sleepwalker at first, aimlessly heading across the lawn

dotted with picnickers and halfway around the Music Shed, then

doubling back to where the view of the Berkshires at the height of

summer is about as good as views get east of the Rockies. I could

hear in the distance the Rachmaninoff dances coming from the

shed, but otherwise I might have been off on my own, deep in the

fold of those green hills. I sat on the grass, astonished, unable to account

for what I was thinking: he has a secret. This man constructed

along the most convincing, believable emotional lines, this

force with a history as a force, this benignly wily, smoothly charm-

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

ing, seeming totality of a manly man nonetheless has a gigantic secret.

How do I reach this conclusion? Why a secret? Because it is

there when he's with her. And when he's not with her it's there

too—it's the secret that's his magnetism. It's something not there

that beguiles, and it's what's been drawing me all along, the enigmatic

it that he holds apart as his and no one else's. He's set himself

up like the moon to be only half visible. And I cannot make him

fully visible. There is a blank. That's all I can say. They are, together,

a pair of blanks. There's a blank in her and, despite his air of being

someone firmly established, if need be an obstinate and purposeful

opponent—the angry faculty giant who quit rather than take their

humiliating crap—somewhere there's a blank in him too, a blotting

out, an excision, though of what I can't begin to guess... can't even

know, really, if I am making sense with this hunch or fancifully registering

my ignorance of another human being.

Only some three months later, when I learned the secret and began

this book—the book he had asked me to write in the first place,

but written not necessarily as he wanted it—did I understand the

underpinning of the pact between them: he had told her his whole

story. Faunia alone knew how Coleman Silk had come about being

himself. How do I know she knew? I don't. I couldn't know that either.

I can't know. Now that they're dead, nobody can know. For

better or worse, I can only do what everyone does who thinks that

they know. I imagine. I am forced to imagine. It happens to be what I

do for a living. It is my job. It's now all I do.

After Les got out of the VA hospital and hooked up with his support

group so as to stay off the booze and not go haywire, the longrange

goal set for him by Louie Borrero was for Les to make a pilgrimage

to the Wall—if not to the real Wall, the Vietnam Veterans

Memorial in Washington, then to the Moving Wall when it arrived

in Pittsfield in November. Washington, D.C., was a city Les had

sworn he would never set foot in because of his hatred of the government

and, since '92, because of his contempt for that draft

THE HUMAN STAIN

dodger sleeping in the White House. To get him to travel all the

way down to Washington from Massachusetts was probably asking

too much anyway: for someone still fresh from the hospital, there

would be too much emotion stretched over too many hours of

coming and going on the bus.

The way to prepare Les for the Moving Wall was the same way

Louie prepared everybody: start him off in a Chinese restaurant,

get Les to go along with another four or five guys for a Chinese dinner,

arrange as many trips as it took—two, three, seven, twelve,

fifteen if need be—until he was able to last out one complete dinner,

to eat all the courses, from soup to dessert, without sweating

through his shirt, without trembling so bad he couldn't hold still

enough to spoon his soup, without running outside every five minutes

to breathe, without ending up vomiting in the bathroom and

hiding inside the locked stall, without, of course, losing it completely

and going ballistic with the Chinese waiter.

Louie Borrero had his hundred percent service connection, he'd

been off drugs and on his meds now for twelve years, and helping

veterans, he said, was how he got his therapy. Thirty-odd years on,

there were a lot of Vietnam veterans still out there hurting, and so

he spent just about all day every day driving around the state in his

van, heading up support groups for veterans and their families,

finding them doctors, getting them to AA meetings, listening to all

sorts of troubles, domestic, psychiatric, financial, advising on VA

problems, and trying to get the guys down to Washington to the

Wall.

The Wall was Louie's baby. He organized everything: chartered

the buses, arranged for the food, with his gift for gentle camaraderie

took personal care of the guys terrified they were going to cry

too hard or feel too sick or have a heart attack and die. Beforehand

they all backed off by saying more or less the same thing: "No way. I

can't go to the Wall. I can't go down there and see so-and-so's name.

No way. No how. Can't do it." Les, for one, had told Louie, "I heard

about your trip that last time. I heard all about how bad it went.

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

Twenty-five dollars a head for this charter bus. Supposed to include

lunch, and the guys all say the lunch was shit—wasn't worth two

bucks. And that New York guy didn't want to wait around, the

driver. Right, Lou? Wanted to get back early to do a run to Atlantic

City? Atlantic City! Fuck that shit, man. Rushin' everything and everybody

and then lookin' for a big tip at the end? Not me, Lou. No

fuckin' way. If I had to see a couple of guys in tiger suits falling into

each other's arms and sobbin', I'd puke."

But Louie knew what a visit could mean. "Les, it's nineteen hundred

and ninety-eight. It's the end of the twentieth century, Lester.

It's time you started to face this thing. You can't do it all at once, I

know that, and nobody is going to ask you to. But it's time to work

your program, buddy. The time has come. We're not gonna start

with the Wall. We're gonna start slow. We're gonna start off with a

Chinese restaurant."

But for Les that wasn't starting slow; for Les, just going for the

take-out down in Athena, he'd had to wait in the truck while Faunia

picked up the food. If he went inside, he'd want to kill the gooks as

soon as he saw them. "But they're Chinese," Faunia told him, "not

Vietnamese." "Asshole! I don't care what the fuck they are! They

count as gooks! A gook is a gook!"

As if he hadn't slept badly enough for the last twenty-six years,

the week before the visit to the Chinese restaurant he didn't sleep

at all. He must have telephoned Louie fifty times telling him he

couldn't go, and easily half the calls were placed after 3 A.M. But

Louie listened no matter what the hour, let him say everything on

his mind, even agreed with him, patiently muttered "Uh-huh . . .

uh-huh... uh-huh" right on through, but in the end he always shut

him down the same way: "You're going to sit there, Les, as best you

can. That's all you have to do. Whatever gets going in you, if it's sadness,

if it's anger, whatever it is—the hatred, the rage—we're all going

to be there with you, and you're going to try to sit there without

running or doing anything." "But the waiter" Les would say,

"how am I going to deal with the fucking waiter? I can't, Lou—I'll

THE HUMAN STAIN

fuckin' lose it!" "I'll deal with the waiter. All you have to do is sit." To

whatever objection Les raised, including the danger that he might

kill the waiter, Louie replied that all he'd have to do was sit. As if that

was all it took—sitting—to stop a man from killing his worst enemy.

They were five in Louie's van when they went up to Blackwell

one evening barely two weeks after Les's release from the hospital.

There was the mother-father-brother-leader, Louie, a bald guy,

clean-shaven, neatly dressed, wearing freshly pressed clothes and

his black Vietnam Vet cap and carrying his cane, and, what with his

short stature, sloping shoulders, and high paunch, looking a little

like a penguin because of the stiff way he walked on his bad legs.

Then there were the big guys who never said much: Chet, the

thrice-divorced housepainter who'd been a marine—three different

wives scared out of their wits by this brute-sized, opaque, ponytailed

lug without any desire ever to speak—and Bobcat, an exrifleman

who'd lost a foot to a land mine and worked for Midas

Muffler. Last, there was an undernourished oddball, a skinny,

twitchy asthmatic missing most of his molars, who called himself

Swift, having legally changed his name after his discharge, as

though his no longer being Joe Brown or Bill Green or whoever he

was when he was drafted would cause him, back home, to leap out

of bed every morning with joy. Since Vietnam, Swift's health had

been close to destroyed by every variety of skin and respiratory and

neurological ailment, and now he was being eaten away by an antagonism

toward the Gulf War vets that exceeded even Les's disdain.

All the way up to Blackwell, with Les already beginning to

shake and feel queasy, Swift more than made up for the silence of

the big guys. That wheezing voice of his would not stop. "Their biggest

problem is they can't go to the beach? They get upset at the

beach when they see the sand? Shit. Weekend warriors and all of a

sudden they have to see some real action. That's why they're pissed

off—all in the reserves, never thought they were going to be called

up, and then they get called up. And they didn't do dick. They don't

know what war is. Call that a war? Four-day ground war? How

many gooks did they kill? They're all upset they didn't take out

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

Saddam Hussein. They got one enemy—Saddam Hussein. Gimme

a break. There's nothin' wrong with these guys. They just want

money without puttin' in the hard time. A rash. You know how

many rashes I got from Agent Orange? I'm not goin' to live to see

sixty, and these guys are worryin' about a rash!"

The Chinese restaurant sat up at the north edge of Blackwell, on

the highway just beyond the boarded-up paper mill and backing

onto the river. The concrete-block building was low and long and

pink, with a plate-glass window at the front, and half of it was

painted to look like brickwork—pink brickwork. Years ago it had

been a bowling alley. In the big window, the erratically flickering

letters of a neon sign meant to look Chinese spelled out "The Harmony

Palace."

For Les, the sight of that sign was enough to erase the slightest

glimmer of hope. He couldn't do it. He'd never make it. He'd lose it

completely.

The monotonousness of repeating those words—and yet the

force it took for him to surmount the terror. The river of blood he

had to wade through to make it by the smiling gook at the door and

take his seat at the table. And the horror—a deranging horror

against which there was no protection—of the smiling gook handing

him a menu. The outright grotesquerie of the gook pouring

him a glass of water. Offering him water! The very source of all his

suffering could have been that water. That's how crazy it made him

feel.

"Okay, Les, you're doin' good. Doin' real good," said Louie. "Just

have to take this one course at a time. Real good so far. Now I want

you to deal with your menu. That's all. Just the menu. Just open the

menu, open it up, and I want you to focus on the soups. The only

thing you have to do now is order your soup. That's all you gotta do.

If you can't make up your mind, we'll decide for you. They got

mighty good wonton soup here."

"Fuckin' waiter," Les said.

"He's not the waiter, Les. His name is Henry. He's the owner. Les,

we gotta focus on the soup. Henry, he's here to run his place. To be

THE HUMAN STAIN

sure everything is running okay. No more, no less. He doesn't know

about all that other stuff. Doesn't know about it, doesn't want to.

What about your soup?"

"What are you guys having?" He had said that. Les. In the midst

of this desperate drama, he, Les, had managed to stand apart from

all the turmoil and ask what they were having to eat.

"Wonton," they all said.

"All right. Wonton."

"Okay," Louie said. "Now we're going to order the other stuff. Do

we want to share? Would that be too much, Les, or do you want

your own thing? Les, what do you want? You want chicken, vegetables,

pork? You want lo mein? With the noodles?"

He tried to see if he could do it again. "What are you guys going

to have?"

"Well, Les, some of us are having pork, some of us are having

beef—"

"I don't care!" And why he didn't care was because this all was

happening on some other planet, this pretending that they were ordering

Chinese food. This was not what was really happening.

"Double-sautéed pork? Double-sautéed pork for Les. Okay. All

you have to do now, Les, is concentrate and Chet'll pour you some

tea. Okay? Okay."

"Just keep the fucking waiter away." Because from the corner of

his eye he'd spotted some movement.

"Sir, sir—" Louie called to the waiter. "Sir, if you just stay there,

we'll come to you with our order. If you wouldn't mind. We'll

bring the order to you—you just keep a distance." But the waiter

seemed not to understand, and when he again started toward them,

clumsily but quickly Louie rose up on his bad legs. "Sir! We'll bring

the order to you. To. You. Right? Right," Louie said, sitting back

down again. "Good," he said, "good," nodding at the waiter, who

stood stock-still some ten feet away. "That's it, sir. That's perfect."

The Harmony Palace was a dark place with fake plants scattered

along the walls and maybe as many as fifty tables spaced in rows

down the length of the long dining room. Only a few of them were

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

occupied, and all of those far enough away so that none of the other

customers seemed to have noticed the brief disturbance up at the

end where the five men were eating. As a precaution, Louie always

made certain, coming in, to get Henry to place his party at a table

apart from everyone else. He and Henry had been through this before.

"Okay, Les, we got it under control. You can let go of the menu

now. Les, let go of the menu. First with your right hand. Now your

left hand. There. Chet'll fold it up for you."

The big guys, Chet and Bobcat, had been seated to either side of

Les. They were assigned by Louie to be the evening's MPs and knew

what to do if Les made a wrong move. Swift sat at the other side of

the round table, next to Louie, who directly faced Les, and now, in

the helpful tones a father might use with a son he was teaching to

ride a bike, Swift said to Les, "I remember the first time I came here.

I thought I'd never make it through. You're doin' real good. My first

time, I couldn't even read the menu. The letters, they all were

swimmin' at me. I thought I was goin' to bust through the window.

Two guys, they had to take me out 'cause I couldn't sit still. You're

doin' a good job, Les." If Les had been able to notice anything other

than how much his hands were now trembling, he would have realized

that he'd never before seen Swift not twitching. Swift neither

twitching nor bitching. That was why Louie had brought him along

—because helping somebody through the Chinese meal seemed to

be the thing that Swift did best in this world. Here at The Harmony

Palace, as nowhere else, Swift seemed for a while to remember what

was what. Here one had only the faintest sense of him as someone

crawling through life on his hands and knees. Here, made manifest

in this embittered, ailing remnant of a man was a tiny, tattered

piece of what had once been courage. "You're doin' a good job, Les.

You're doin' all right. You just have to have a little tea," Swift suggested.

"Let Chet pour some tea."

"Breathe," Louie said. "That's it. Breathe, Les. If you can't make it

after the soup, we'll go. But you have to make it through the first

course. If you can't make it through the double-sautéed pork, that's

THE HUMAN STAIN

okay. But you have to make it through the soup. Let's make a code

word if you have to get out. A code word that you can give me when

there's just no two ways about it. How about 'tea leaf for the code

word? That's all you have to say and we're out of here. Tea leaf. If

you need it, there it is. But only if you need it."

The waiter was poised at a little distance holding the tray with

their five bowls of soup. Chet and Bobcat hopped right up and got

the soup and brought it to the table.

Now Les just wants to say "tea leaf" and get the fuck out. Why

doesn't he? I gotta get out of here. I gotta get out of here.

By repeating to himself "I gotta get out of here," he is able to put

himself into a trance and, even without any appetite, to begin to eat

his soup. To take down a little of the broth. "I gotta get out of here,"

and this blocks out the waiter and it blocks out the owner but it

does not block out the two women at a wall-side table who are

opening pea pods and dropping the shelled peas into a cooking pot.

Thirty feet away, and Les can pick up the scent of whatever's the

brand of cheap toilet water that they've sprayed behind their four

gook ears—it's as pungent to him as the smell of raw earth. With

the same phenomenal lifesaving powers that enabled him to detect

the unwashed odor of a soundless sniper in the black thickness of

a Vietnam jungle, he smells the women and begins to lose it. No

one told him there were going to be women here doing that. How

long are they going to be doing that? Two young women. Gooks.

Why are they sitting there doing that? "I gotta get out of here." But

he cannot move because he cannot divert his attention from the

women.

"Why are those women doing that?" Les asks Louie. "Why don't

they stop doing that? Do they have to keep doing that? Are they

gonna keep doing that all night long? Are they gonna keep doing

that over and over? Is there a reason? Can somebody tell me the

reason? Make them stop doing that."

"Cool it," Louie says.

"I am cool. I just wanna know—are they gonna keep doing that?

Can anyone stop them? Is there nobody who can think of a way?'

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

His voice rising now, and no easier to stop that happening than to

stop those women.

"Les, we're in a restaurant. In a restaurant they prepare beans."

"Peas," Les says. "Those are peas!"

"Les, you got your soup and you got your next course coming.

The next course: that's the whole world right now. That's everything.

That's it. All you got to do next is eat some double-sautéed

pork, and that's it."

"I had enough soup."

"Yeah?" Bobcat says. "You're not going to eat that? You done with

that?"

Besieged on all sides by the disaster to come—how long can

the agony be transformed into eating?—Les manages, beneath his

breath, to say "Take it."

And that's when the waiter makes his move—purportedly going

for the empty plates.

"No!" roars Les, and Louie is on his feet again, and now, looking

like the lion tamer in the circus—and with Les taut and ready for

the waiter to attack—Louie points the waiter back with his cane.

"You stay there," Louie says to the waiter. "Stay there. We bring

the empty plates to you. You don't come to us."

The women shelling the peas have stopped, and without Les's

even getting up and going over and showing them how to stop.

And Henry is in on it now, that's clear. This rangy, thin, smiling

Henry, a young guy in jeans and a loud shirt and running shoes

who poured the water and is the owner, is staring at Les from the

door. Smiling but staring. That man is a menace. He is blocking the

exit. Henry has got to go.

"Everything's okay," Louie calls to Henry. "Very good food. Wonderful

food. That's why we come back." To the waiter he then says,

"Just follow my lead," and then he lowers his cane and sits back

down. Chet and Bobcat gather up the empty plates and go over and

pile them on the waiter's tray.

"Anybody else?" Louie asks. "Anybody else got a story about his

first time?"

THE HUMAN STAIN

"Uh-uh," says Chet while Bobcat sets himself the pleasant task of

polishing off Les's soup.

This time, as soon as the waiter comes out of the kitchen carrying

the rest of their order, Chet and Bobcat get right up and go over

to the dumb fucking gook before he can even begin to forget and

start approaching the table again.

And now it's out there. The food. The agony that is the food.

Shrimp beef lo mein. Moo goo gai pan. Beef with peppers. Doublesautéed

pork. Ribs. Rice. The agony of the rice. The agony of the

steam. The agony of the smells. Everything out there is supposed to

save him from death. Link him backward to Les the boy. That is the

recurring dream: the unbroken boy on the farm.

"Looks good!"

"Tastes better!"

"You want Chet to put some on your plate, or you want to take

for yourself, Les?"

"Not hungry."

"That's all right," Louie says, as Chet begins piling things on Les's

plate for him. "You don't have to be hungry. That's not the deal."

"This almost over?" Les says. "I gotta get out of here. I'm not

kiddin', guys. I really gotta get out of here. Had enough. Can't take

it. I feel like I'm gonna lose control. I've had enough. You said I

could leave. I gotta get out."

"I don't hear the code word, Les," Louie says, "so we're going to

keep going."

Now the shakes have set in big-time. He cannot deal with the

rice. It falls off the fork, he's shaking so bad.

And, Christ almighty, here comes a waiter with the water. Circling

around and coming at Lester from the back, from out of

fucking nowhere, another waiter. They are all at once but a split

second away from Les yelling "Yahhh!" and going for the waiter's

throat, and the water pitcher exploding at his feet.

"Stop!" cries Louie. "Back off!"

The women shelling the peas start screaming.

"He does not need any water!" Shouting, standing on his feet and

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

shouting, with his cane raised over his head, Louie looks to the

women like the one who is nuts. But they don't know what nuts is if

they think that Louie's nuts. They have no idea.

At other tables some people are standing, and Henry rushes over

and talks to them quietly until they are all sitting down. He has explained

that those are Vietnam veterans, and whenever they come

around, he takes it as a patriotic duty to be hospitable to them and

to put up for an hour or two with their problems.

There is absolute quiet in the restaurant from then on. Les picks

at a little food and the others eat up everything until the only food

left on the table is the stuff still on Les's plate.

"You done with that?" Bobcat asks him. "You not gonna eat

that?"

This time he can't even manage "take it." Say just those two

words, and everybody buried beneath that restaurant floor will

come rising up to seek revenge. Say one word, and if you weren't

there the first time to see what it looked like, you sure as shit will see

it now.

Here come the fortune cookies. Usually they love that. Read

the fortunes, laugh, drink the tea—who doesn't love that? But Les

shouts "Tea leaf!" and takes off, and Louie says to Swift, "Go out

with him. Get him, Swiftie. Keep an eye on him. Don't let him out

of your sight. We're gonna pay up."

On the way home there is silence: from Bobcat silence because he

is laden with food; from Chet silence because he long ago learned

through the repetitious punishment of too many brawls that for

a man as fucked up as himself, silence is the only way to seem

friendly; and from Swift silence too, a bitter and disgruntled silence,

because once the flickering neon lights are behind them, so is the

memory of himself that he seems to have had at The Harmony Palace.

Swift is now busy stoking the pain.

Les is silent because he is sleeping. After the ten days of solid insomnia

that led up to this trip, he is finally out.

It's when everybody else has been dropped off and Les and Louie

are alone in the van that Louie hears him coming round and says,

THE HUMAN STAIN

"Les? Les? You did good, Lester. I saw you sweatin', I thought,

Umm-umm-umm, no way he's gonna make it. You should have

seen the color you were. I couldn't believe it. I thought the waiter

was finished." Louie, who spent his first nights home handcuffed to

a radiator in his sister's garage to assure himself he would not kill

the brother-in-law who'd kindly taken him in when he was back

from the jungle only forty-eight hours, whose waking hours are so

organized around all the others' needs that no demonic urge can

possibly squeeze back in, who, over a dozen years of being sober

and clean, of working the Twelve Steps and religiously taking his

meds—for the anxiety his Klonopin, for the depression his Zoloft,

for the sizzling ankles and the gnawing knees and the relentlessly

aching hips his Salsalate, an anti-inflammatory that half the tune

does little other than to give him a burning stomach, gas, and the

shits—has managed to clear away enough debris to be able to talk

civilly again to others and to feel, if not at home, then less crazily

aggrieved at having to move inefficiently about for the rest of his

life on those pain-ridden legs, at having to try to stand tall on a

foundation of sand—happy-go-lucky Louie laughs. "I thought he

didn't have a chance. But, man," says Louie, "you didn't just make it

past the soup, you made it to the fucking fortune cookie. You know

how many times it took me to make it to the fortune cookie? Four.

Four times, Les. The first time I headed straight for the bathroom

and it took them fifteen minutes to get me out. You know what I'm

gonna tell my wife? I'm goin' to tell her, 'Les, did okay. Les did all

right.'"

But when it came time to return, Les refused. "Isn't it enough

that I sat there?" "I want you to eat," Louie said. "I want you to eat

the meal. Walk the walk, talk the talk, eat the meal. We got a new

goal, Les." "I don't want any more of your goals. I made it through. I

didn't kill anyone. Isn't that enough?" But a week later back they

drove to The Harmony Palace, same cast of characters, same glass

of water, same menus, even the same cheap toilet water scent emitted

by the sprayed Asian flesh of the restaurant women and wafting

its sweet galvanic way to Les, the telltale scent by which he can track

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

his prey. The second time he eats, the third time he eats and orders

—though they still won't let the waiter near the table—and the

fourth time they let the waiter serve them, and Les eats like a crazy

man, eats till he nearly bursts, eats as if he hasn't seen food in a year.

Outside The Harmony Palace, high fives all around. Even Chet is

joyous. Chet speaks, Chet shouts, "Semper fi!"

"Next time," says Les, while they're driving home and the feeling

is heady of being raised from the grave, "next time, Louie, you're

gonna go too far. Next time you're gonna want me to like it!"

But what is next is facing the Wall. He has to go look at Kenny's

name. And this he can't do. It was enough once to look up Kenny's

name in the book they've got at the VA. After, he was sick for a

week. That was all he could think about. That's all he can think

about anyway. Kenny there beside him without his head. Day and

night he thinks, Why Kenny, why Chip, why Buddy, why them and

not me? Sometimes he thinks that they're the lucky ones. It's over

for them. No, no way, no how, is he going to the Wall. That Wall.

Absolutely not. Can't do it. Won't do it. That's it.

Dance for me.

They've been together for about six months, and so one night he

says, "Come on, dance for me," and in the bedroom he puts on a

CD, the Artie Shaw arrangement of "The Man I Love," with Roy

Eldridge playing trumpet. Dance for me, he says, loosening the

arms that are tight around her and pointing toward the floor at

the foot of the bed. And so, undismayed, she gets up from where

she's been smelling that smell, the smell that is Coleman unclothed,

that smell of sun-baked skin—gets up from where she's been lying

deeply nestled, her face cushioned in his bare side, her teeth, her

tongue glazed with his come, her hand, below his belly, splayed

across the crinkled, buttery tangle of that coiled hair, and, with him

keeping an eagle eye on her—his green gaze unwavering through

the dark fringe of his long lashes, not at all like a depleted old man

ready to faint but like somebody pressed up against a windowpane

—she does it, not coquettishly, not like Steena did in 1948, not

THE HUMAN STAIN

because she's a sweet girl, a sweet young girl dancing for the pleasure

of giving him the pleasure, a sweet young girl who doesn't

know much about what she's doing saying to herself, "I can give

him that—he wants that, and I can do it, and so here it is." No, not

quite the naive and innocent scene of the bud becoming the flower

or the filly becoming the mare. Faunia can do it, all right, but without

the budding maturity is how she does it, without the youthful,

misty idealization of herself and him and everyone living and dead.

He says, "Come on, dance for me," and, with her easy laugh, she

says, "Why not? I'm generous that way," and she starts moving,

smoothing her skin as though it's a rumpled dress, seeing to it that

everything is where it should be, taut, bony, or rounded as it should

be, a whiff of herself, the evocative vegetal smell coming familiarly

off her fingers as she slides them up from her neck and across her

warm ears and slowly from there over her cheeks to her lips, and

her hair, her graying yellow hair that is damp and straggly from exertion,

she plays with like seaweed, pretends to herself that it's seaweed,

that it's always been seaweed, a great trickling sweep of seaweed

saturated with brine, and what's it cost her, anyway? What's

the big deal? Plunge in. Pour forth. If this is what he wants, abduct

the man, ensnare him. Wouldn't be the first one.

She's aware when it starts happening: that thing, that connection.

She moves, from the floor that is now her stage at the foot of the

bed she moves, alluringly tousled and a little greasy from the hours

before, smeared and anointed from the preceding performance,

fair-haired, white-skinned where she isn't tanned from the farm,

scarred in half a dozen places, one kneecap abraded like a child's

from when she slipped in the barn, very fine threadlike cuts half

healed on both her arms and legs from the pasture fencing, her

hands roughened, reddened, sore from the fiberglass splinters

picked up while rotating the fence, from pulling out and putting in

those stakes every week, a petal-shaped, rouge-colored bruise either

from the milking parlor or from him precisely at the joining of her

throat and torso, another bruise, blue-black at the turn of her

unmuscled thigh, spots where she's been bitten and stung, a hair of

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

his, an ampersand of his hair like a dainty grayish mole adhering to

her cheek, her mouth open just wide enough to reveal the curve of

her teeth, and in no hurry at all to go anywhere because it's the getting

there that's the fun. She moves, and now he's seeing her, seeing

this elongated body rhythmically moving, this slender body that is

so much stronger than it looks and surprisingly so heavy-breasted

dipping, dipping, dipping, on the long, straight handles of her legs

stooping toward him like a dipper filled to the limit with his liquid.

Unresisting, he's stretched across the wavelets of bedsheets, a sinuous

swirl of pillows balled together to support his head, his head

resting level with the span of her hips, with her belly, with her moving

belly, and he's seeing her, every particle, he's seeing her and she

knows that he's seeing her. They're connected. She knows he wants

her to claim something. He wants me to stand here and move, she

thinks, and to claim what is mine. Which is? Him. Him. He's offering

me him. Okey-dokey, this is high-voltage stuff but here we go.

And so, giving him her downturned look with the subtlety in it, she

moves, she moves, and the formal transfer of power begins. And it's

very nice for her, moving like this to that music and the power passing

over, knowing that at her slightest command, with the flick of

the finger that summons a waiter, he would crawl out of that bed to

lick her feet. So soon in the dance, and already she could peel him

and eat him like a piece of fruit. It's not all about being beat up and

being the janitor and I'm at the college cleaning up other people's

shit and I'm at the post office cleaning up other people's shit, and

there's a terrible toughness that comes with that, with cleaning up

everybody else's waste; if you want to know the truth, it sucks, and

don't tell me there aren't better jobs, but I've got it, it's what I do,

three jobs, because this car's got about six days left, I've got to buy a

cheap car that runs, so three jobs is what I'm doing, and not for the

first time, and by the way, the dairy farm is a lot of fucking work, to

you it sounds great and to you it looks great, Faunia and the cows,

but coming on top of everything else it breaks my fucking hump...

But now I'm naked in a room with a man, seeing him lying there

with his dick and that navy tattoo, and it's calm and he's calm, even

THE HUMAN STAIN

getting a charge out of seeing me dance he's so very calm, and he's

just had the shit kicked out of him, too. He's lost his wife, he's lost

his job, publicly humiliated as a racist professor, and what's a racist

professor? It's not that you've just become one. The story is you've

been discovered, so it's been your whole life. It's not just that you

did one thing wrong once. If you're a racist, then you've always

been a racist. Suddenly it's your entire life you've been a racist.

That's the stigma and it's not even true, and yet now he's calm. I can

do that for him. I can make him calm like this, he can make me

calm like this. All I have to do is just keep moving. He says dance for

me and I think, Why not? Why not, except that it's going to make

him think that I'm going to go along and pretend with him that this

is something else. He's going to pretend that the world is ours, and

I'm going to let him, and then I'm going to do it too. Still, why not?

I can dance... but he has to remember. This is only what it is, even

if I'm wearing nothing but the opal ring, nothing on me but the

ring he gave me. This is standing in front of your lover naked with

the lights on and moving. Okay, you're a man, and you're not in

your prime, and you've got a life and I'm not part of it, but I know

what's here. You come to me as a man. So I come to you. That's a

lot. But that's all it is. I'm dancing in front of you naked with the

lights on, and you're naked too, and all the other stuff doesn't matter.

It's the simplest thing we've ever done—it's it. Don't fuck it up

by thinking it's more than this. You don't, and I won't. It doesn't

have to be more than this. You know what? I see you, Coleman.

Then she says it aloud. "You know what? I see you."

"Do you?" he says. "Then now the hell begins."

"You think—if you ever want to know—is there a God? You

want to know why am I in this world? What is it about? It's about

this. It's about, You're here, and I'll do it for you. It's about not

thinking you're someone else somewhere else. You're a woman and

you're in bed with your husband, and you're not fucking for fucking,

you're not fucking to come, you're fucking because you're in

bed with your husband and it's the right thing to do. You're a man

and you're with your wife and you're fucking her, but you're think-

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

ing you want to be fucking the post office janitor. Okay—you know

what? You're with the janitor."

He says softly, with a laugh, "And that proves the existence of

God."

"If that doesn't, nothing does."

"Keep dancing," he says.

"When you're dead," she asks, "what does it matter if you didn't

marry the right person?"

"It doesn't matter. It doesn't even matter when you're alive. Keep

dancing."

"What is it, Coleman? What does matter?"

"This," he said.

"That's my boy," she replies. "Now you're learning."

"Is that what this is—you teaching me?"

"It's about time somebody did. Yes, I'm teaching you. But don't

look at me now like I'm good for something other than this. Something

more than this. Don't do that. Stay here with me. Don't go.

Hold on to this. Don't think about anything else. Stay here with me.

I'll do whatever you want. How many times have you had a woman

really tell you that and mean it? I will do anything you want. Don't

lose it. Don't take it somewhere else, Coleman. This is all we're here

to do. Don't think it's about tomorrow. Close all the doors, before

and after. All the social ways of thinking, shut 'em down. Everything

the wonderful society is asking? The way we're set up socially?

'I should, I should, I should'? Fuck all that. What you're supposed

to be, what you're supposed to do, all that, it just kills everything. I

can keep dancing, if that's the deal. The secret little moment—if

that's the whole deal. That slice you get. That slice out of time. It's

no more than that, and I hope you know it."

"Keep dancing."

"This stuff is the important stuff," she says. "If I abandoned

thinking that..."

"What? Thinking what?"

"I was a whoring little cunt from early on."

"Were you?"

THE HUMAN STAIN

"He always told himself it wasn't him, it was me."

"The stepfather."

"Yes. That's what he told himself. Maybe he was even right. But I

had no choice at eight and nine and ten. It was the brutality that

was wrong."

"What was it like when you were ten?"

"It was like asking me to pick up the whole house and carry it on

my back."

"What was it like when the door opened at night and he came

into your room?"

"It's like when you're a child in a war. You ever see those pictures

in the paper of kids after they bomb their cities? It's like that. It's as

big as a bomb. But no matter how many times I got blown over, I

was still standing. That was my downfall: my still standing up. Then

I was twelve and thirteen and starting to get tits. I was starting to

bleed. Suddenly I was just a body that surrounded my pussy... But

stick to the dancing. All doors closed, before and after, Coleman. I

see you, Coleman. You're not closing the doors. You still have the

fantasies of love. You know something? I really need a guy older

than you. Who's had all the love-shit kicked out of him totally.

You're too young for me, Coleman. Look at you. You're just a little

boy falling in love with your piano teacher. You're falling for me,

Coleman, and you're much too young for the likes of me. I need a

much older man. I think I need a man at least a hundred. Do you

have a friend in a wheelchair you can introduce me to? Wheelchairs

are okay—I can dance and push. Maybe you have an older brother.

Look at you, Coleman. Looking at me with those schoolboy eyes.

Please, please, call your older friend. I'll keep dancing, just get him

on the phone. I want to talk to him."

And she knows, while she is saying this, that it's this and the

dancing that are making him fall in love with her. And it's so easy.

I've attracted a lot of men, a lot of pricks, the pricks find me and

they come to me, not just any man with a prick, not the ones who

don't understand, which is about ninety percent of them, but men,

young boys, the ones with the real male thing, the ones like Smoky

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

who really understand it. You can beat yourself up over the things

you don't have, but that I've got, even fully dressed, and some guys

know it—they know what it is, and that's why they find me, and

that's why they come, but this, this, this is taking candy from a baby.

Sure—he remembers. How could he not? Once you've tasted it, you

remember. My, my. After two hundred and sixty blow jobs and four

hundred regular fucks and a hundred and six asshole fucks, the

flirtation begins. But that's the way it goes. How many times has

anyone in the world ever loved before they fucked? How many

times have I loved after I fucked? Or is this it, the groundbreaker?

"Do you want to know what I feel like?" she asks him.

"Yes."

"I feel so good."

"So," he asks, "who can get out of this alive?"

"I'm with you there, mister. You're right, Coleman. This is going

to lead to disaster. Into this at seventy-one? Turned around by this

at seventy-one? Uh-uh. We'd better go back to the raw thing."

"Keep dancing," he says, and he hits a button on the bedside Sony

and "The Man I Love" track starts up again.

"No. No. I beg you. There's my career as a janitor to think about."

"Don't stop."

"'Don't stop.'" she repeats. "I've heard those words somewhere

before." In fact, rarely has she ever heard the word "stop" without

"don't." Not from a man. Not much from herself either. "I've always

thought 'don't stop' was one word," she says.

"It is. Keep dancing."

"Then don't lose it," she says. "A man and a woman in a room.

Naked. We've got all we need. We don't need love. Don't diminish

yourself—don't reveal yourself as a sentimental sap. You're dying to

do it, but don't. Let's not lose this. Imagine, Coleman, imagine sustaining

this."

He's never seen me dance like this, he's never heard me talk like

this. Been so long since I talked like this, I'd have thought I'd forgotten

how. So very long in hiding. Nobody's heard me talk like this.

The hawks and the crows sometimes in the woods, but otherwise

THE HUMAN STAIN

no one. This is not the usual way I entertain men. This is the most

reckless I have ever been. Imagine.

"Imagine," she says, "showing up every day—and this. The

woman who doesn't want to own everything. The woman who

doesn't want to own anything."

But never had she wanted to own anything more.

"Most women want to own everything," she says. "They want to

own your mail. They want to own your future. They want to own

your fantasies. 'How dare you want to fuck anybody other than me.

I should be your fantasy. Why are you watching porn when you

have me at home?' They want to own who you are, Coleman. But

the pleasure isn't owning the person. The pleasure is this. Having

another contender in the room with you. Oh, I see you, Coleman. I

could give you away my whole life and still have you. Just by dancing.

Isn't that true? Am I mistaken? Do you like this, Coleman?"

"What luck," he says, watching, watching. "What incredible luck.

Life owed me this."

"Did it now?"

"There's no one like you. Helen of Troy."

"Helen of Nowhere. Helen of Nothing."

"Keep dancing."

"I see you, Coleman. I do see you. Do you want to know what I

see?"

"Sure."

"You want to know if I see an old man, don't you? You're afraid

I'll see an old man and I'll run. You're afraid that if I see all the differences

from a young man, if I see the things that are slack and the

things that are gone, you'll lose me. Because you're too old. But you

know what I see?"

"What?"

"I see a kid. I see you falling in love the way a kid does. And you

mustn't. You mustn't. Know what else I see?"

"Yes."

"Yes, I see it now—I do see an old man. I see an old man dying."

"Tell me."

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

"You've lost everything."

"You see that?"

"Yes. Everything except me dancing. You want to know what I

see?"

"What?"

"You didn't deserve that hand, Coleman. That's what I see. I see

that you're furious. And that's the way it's going to end. As a furious

old man. And it shouldn't have been. That's what I see: your fury. I

see the anger and the shame. I see that you understand as an old

man what time is. You don't understand that till near the end. But

now you do. And it's frightening. Because you can't do it again. You

can't be twenty again. It's not going to come back. And this is how it

ended. And what's worse even than the dying, what's worse even

than the being dead, are the fucking bastards who did this to you.

Took it all away from you. I see that in you, Coleman. I see it

because it's something I know about. The fucking bastards who

changed everything within the blink of an eye. Took your life and

threw it away. Took your life, and they decided they were going to

throw it away. You've come to the right dancing girl. They decide

what is garbage, and they decided you're garbage. Humiliated and

humbled and destroyed a man over an issue everyone knew was

bullshit. A pissy little word that meant nothing to them, absolutely

nothing at all. And that's infuriating."

"I didn't realize you were paying attention."

She laughs the easy laugh. And dances. Without the idealism,

without the idealization, without all the utopianism of the sweet

young thing, despite everything she knows reality to be, despite the

irreversible futility that is her life, despite all the chaos and callousness,

she dances! And speaks as she's never spoken to a man before.

Women who fuck like she does aren't supposed to talk like this—

at least that's what the men who don't fuck women like her like

to think. That's what the women who don't fuck like her like to

think. That's what everyone likes to think—stupid Faunia. Well, let

'em. My pleasure. "Yes, stupid Faunia has been paying attention,"

she says. "How else does stupid Faunia get through? Being stupid

THE HUMAN STAIN

Faunia—that's my achievement, Coleman, that's me at my most

sensible best. Turns out, Coleman, I've been watching you dance.

How do I know this? Because you're with me. Why else would you

be with me, if you weren't so fucking enraged? And why would I be

with you, if I wasn't so fucking enraged? That's what makes for the

great fucking, Coleman. The rage that levels everything. So don't

lose it."

"Keep dancing."

"Till I drop?" she asks.

"Till you drop," he tells her. "Till the last gasp."

"Whatever you want."

"Where did I find you, Voluptas?" he says. "How did I find you?

Who are you?" he asks, tapping the button that again starts up "The

Man I Love."

"I am whatever you want."

All Coleman was doing was reading her something from the Sunday

paper about the president and Monica Lewinsky, when Faunia

got up and shouted, "Can't you avoid the fucking seminar? Enough

of the seminar! I can't learn! I don't learn! I don't want to learn!

Stop fucking teaching me—it won't work!" And, in the midst of

their breakfast, she ran.

The mistake was to stay there. She didn't go home, and now she

hates him. What does she hate most? That he really thinks his suffering

is a big deal. He really thinks that what everybody thinks,

what everybody says about him at Athena College, is so life-shattering.

It's a lot of assholes not liking him—it's not a big deal. And for

him this is the most horrible thing that ever happened? Well, it's

not a big deal. Two kids suffocating and dying, that's a big deal.

Having your stepfather put his fingers up your cunt, that's a big

deal. Losing your job as you're about to retire isn't a big deal. That's

what she hates about him—the privilegedness of his suffering. He

thinks he never had a chance? There's real pain on this earth, and he

thinks he didn't have a chance? You know when you don't have a

chance? When, after the morning milking, he takes that iron pipe

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

and hits you in the head with it. I don't even see it coming—and he

didn't have a chance! Life owes him something!

What it amounts to is that at breakfast she doesn't want to be

taught. Poor Monica might not get a good job in New York City?

You know what? I don't care. Do you think Monica cares if my back

hurts from milking those fucking cows after my day at the college?

Sweeping up people's shit at the post office because they can't

bother to use the fucking garbage can? Do you think Monica cares

about that? She keeps calling the White House, and it must have

been just terrible not to have her phone calls returned. And it's over

for you? That's terrible too? It never began for me. Over before it began.

Try having an iron pipe knock you down. Last night? It happened.

It was nice. It was wonderful. I needed it too. But I still have

three jobs. It didn't change anything. That's why you take it when

it's happening, because it doesn't change a thing. Tell Mommy her

husband puts his fingers in you when he comes in at night—it

doesn't change a thing. Maybe now Mommy knows and she's going

to help you. But nothing changes anything. We had this night of

dancing. But it doesn't change anything. He reads to me about

these things in Washington—what, what, what does it change? He

reads to me about these escapades in Washington, Bill Clinton getting

his dick sucked. How's that going to help me when my car

craps out? You really think that this is the important stuff in the

world? It's not that important. It's not important at all. I had two

kids. They're dead. If I don't have the energy this morning to feel

bad about Monica and Bill, chalk it up to my two kids, all right? If

that's my shortcoming, so be it. I don't have any more left in me for

all the great troubles of the world.

The mistake was to stay there. The mistake was to fall under the

spell so completely. Even in the wildest thunderstorm, she'd driven

home. Even when she was terrified of Farley following behind and

forcing her off the road and into the river, she'd driven home. But

she stayed. Because of the dancing she stayed, and in the morning

she's angry. She's angry at him. It's a great new day, let's see what the

paper has to say. After last night he wants to see what the paper has

THE HUMAN STAIN

to say? Maybe if they hadn't talked, if they'd just had breakfast and

she'd left, staying would have been okay. But to start the seminar.

That was just about the worst thing he could have done. What

should he have done? Given her something to eat and let her go

home. But the dancing did its damage. I stayed. I stupidly stayed.

Leaving at night—there is nothing more important for a girl like

me. I'm not clear about a lot of things, but this I know: staying the

next morning, it means something. The fantasy of Coleman-and-

Faunia. It's the beginning of the indulgence of the fantasy of forever,

the tritest fantasy in the world. I have a place to go to, don't I?

It isn't the nicest place, but it's a place. Go to it! Fuck until all hours,

but then go. There was the thunderstorm on Memorial Day, a thunderstorm

ripping, pounding, volleying through the hills as though

a war had broken out. The surprise attack on the Berkshires. But I

got up at three in the morning, got my clothes on, and left. The

lightning crackling, the trees splitting, the limbs crashing, the hail

raining down like shot on my head, and I left. Whipped by all that

wind, I left. The mountain is exploding, and still I left. Just between

the house and the car I could have been killed, by a bolt of lightning

ignited and killed, but I did not stay—I left. But to lie in bed with

him all night? The moon big, the whole earth silent, the moon and

moonlight everywhere, and I stayed. Even a blind man could have

found his way home on a night like that, but I did not go. And I did

not sleep. Couldn't. Awake all night. Didn't want to roll anywhere

near the guy. Didn't want to touch this man. Didn't know how, this

man whose asshole I've been licking for months. A leper till daybreak

at the edge of the bed watching the shadows of his trees creep

across his lawn. He said, "You should stay," but he didn't want me

to, and I said, "I think I'll take you up on that," and I did. You could

figure on at least one of us staying tough. But no. The two of us

yielding to the worst idea ever. What the hookers told her, the

whores' great wisdom: "Men don't pay you to sleep with them.

They pay you to go home."

But even as she knows all she hates, she knows what she likes. His

generosity. So rare for her to be anywhere near anyone's generosity.

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

And the strength that comes from being a man who doesn't swing a

pipe at my head. If he pressed me, I'd even have to admit to him

that I'm smart. Didn't I do as much last night? He listened to me

and so I was smart. He listens to me. He's loyal to me. He doesn't reproach

me for anything. He doesn't plot against me in any way. And

is that a reason to be so fucking mad? He takes me seriously. That is

sincere. That's what he meant by giving me the ring. They stripped

him and so he's come to me naked. In his most mortal moment. My

days have not been carpeted with men like this. He'd help me buy

the car if I let him. He'd help me buy everything if I let him. It's

painless with this man. Just the rise and fall of his voice, just hearing

him, reassures me.

Are these the things you run away from? Is this why you pick a

fight like a kid? A total accident that you even met him, your first

lucky accident—your last lucky accident—and you flare up and

run away like a kid? You really want to invite the end? To go back to

what it was before him?

But she ran, ran from the house and pulled her car out of the

barn and drove across the mountain to visit the crow at the Audubon

Society. Five miles on, she swung off the road onto the narrow

dirt entryway that twisted and turned for a quarter of a mile until

the gray shingled two-story house cozily appeared between the

trees, long ago a human habitat but now the society's local headquarters,

sitting at the edge of the woods and the nature trails. She

pulled onto the gravel drive, bumping right up to the edge of the

log barrier, and parked in front of the birch with the sign nailed to

it pointing to the herb garden, hers the only car to be seen. She'd

made it. She could as easily have driven off the mountainside.

Wind chimes hanging adjacent to the entrance were tinkling in the

breeze, glassily, mysteriously, as though, without words, a religious

order were welcoming visitors to stay to meditate as well as to look

around—as though something small but touching were being

venerated here—but the flag hadn't been hoisted up the flagpole

yet, and a sign on the door said the place wasn't open on Sundays

until 1 P.M. Nonetheless, when she pushed, the door gave way and

THE HUMAN STAIN

she stepped beyond the thin morning shadow of the leafless dogwoods

and into the hallway, where large sacks heavy with different

mixes of bird feed were stacked on the floor, ready for the winter

buyers, and across from the sacks, piled up to the window along the

opposite wall, were the boxes containing the various bird feeders. In

the gift shop, where they sold the feeders along with nature books

and survey maps and audiotapes of bird calls and an assortment of

animal-inspired trinkets, there were no lights on, but when she

turned in the other direction, into the larger exhibit room, home to

the scanty collection of stuffed animals and a small assortment of

live specimens—turtles, snakes, a few birds in cages—there was one

of the staff, a chubby girl of about eighteen or nineteen, who said,

"Hi," and didn't make a fuss about the place not yet being open.

This far out on the mountain, once the autumn leaves were over,

visitors were rare enough on the first of November, and she wasn't

about to turn away someone who happened to show up at ninefifteen

in the morning, even this woman who wasn't quite dressed

for the outdoors in the middle of fall in the Berkshire Hills but

seemed to be wearing, above her gray sweatpants, the top of a man's

striped pajamas, and on her feet nothing but backless house slippers,

those things called mules. Nor had her long blond hair been

brushed or combed as yet. But, all in all, she was more disheveledlooking

than dissipated, and so the girl, who was feeding mice to a

snake in a box at her feet—holding each mouse out to the snake at

the end of a pair of tongs until the snake struck and took it and

the infinitely slow process of ingestion began—just said, "Hi," and

went back to her Sunday morning duties.

The crow was in the middle cage, an enclosure about the size of a

clothes closet, between the cage holding the two saw-whet owls and

the cage for the pigeon hawk. There he was. She felt better already.

"Prince. Hey, big guy." And she clicked at him, her tongue against

her palate—click, click, click.

She turned to the girl feeding the snake. She hadn't been around

in the past when Faunia came to see the crow, and more than likely

she was new. Or relatively new. Faunia herself hadn't been to visit

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

the crow for months now, and not at all since she'd begun seeing

Coleman. It was a while now since she'd gone looking for ways to

leave the human race. She hadn't been a regular visitor here since

after the children died, though back then she sometimes stopped by

four or five times a week. "He can come out, can't he? He can come

just for a minute."

"Sure," the girl said.

"I'd like to have him on my shoulder," Faunia said, and stooped

to undo the hook that held shut the glass door of the cage. "Oh,

hello, Prince. Oh, Prince. Look at you."

When the door was open, the crow jumped from its perch to the

top of the door and sat there with its head craning from side to side.

She laughed softly. "What a great expression. He's checking me

out," she called back to the girl. "Look," she said to the crow, and

showed the bird her opal ring, Coleman's gift. The ring he'd given

her in the car on that August Saturday morning that they'd driven

to Tanglewood. "Look. Come over. Come on over," she whispered

to the bird, presenting her shoulder.

But the crow rejected the invitation and jumped back into the

cage and resumed life on the perch.

"Prince is not in the mood," the girl said.

"Honey?" cooed Faunia. "Come. Come on. It's Faunia. It's your

friend. That's a boy. Come on." But the bird wouldn't move.

"If he knows that you want to get him, he won't come down," the

girl said, and, using the tongs, picked up another mouse from a tray

holding a cluster of dead mice and offered it to the snake that had,

at long last, drawn into its mouth, millimeter by millimeter, the

whole of the last one. "If he knows you're trying to get him, he usually

stays out of reach, but if he thinks you're ignoring him, he'll

come down."

They laughed together at the humanish behavior.

"Okay," said Faunia, "I'll leave him alone for a moment." She

walked over to where the girl sat feeding the snake. "I love crows.

They're my favorite bird. And ravens. I used to live in Seeley Falls,

so I know all about Prince. I knew him when he was up there hang-

THE HUMAN STAIN

ing around Higginson's store. He used to steal the little girls' barrettes.

Goes right for anything shiny, anything colorful. He was famous

for that. There used to be clippings about him from the

paper. All about him and the people who raised him after the nest

was destroyed and how he hung out like a big shot at the store.

Pinned up right there," she said, pointing back to a bulletin board

by the entryway to the room. "Where are the clippings?"

"He ripped 'em down."

Faunia burst out laughing, much louder this time than before.

"He ripped them down?"

"With his beak. Tore 'em up."

"He didn't want anybody to know his background! Ashamed of

his own background! Prince!" she called, turning back to face the

cage whose door was still wide open. "You're ashamed of your notorious

past? Oh, you good boy. You're a good crow."

Now she took notice of one of the several stuffed animals scattered

on mounts around the room. "Is that a bobcat there?"

"Yeah," the girl said, waiting patiently for the snake to finish

flicking its tongue out at the new dead mouse and grab hold of it.

"Is he from around here?"

"I don't know."

"I've seen them around, up in the hills. Looked just like that one,

the one I saw. Probably is him." And she laughed again. She wasn't

drunk—hadn't even got half her coffee down when she'd run from

the house, let alone had a drink—but the laugh sounded like the

laugh of someone who'd already had a few. She was just feeling

good being here with the snake and the crow and the stuffed bobcat,

none of them intent on teaching her a thing. None of them going

to read to her from the New York Times. None of them going to

try to catch her up on the history of the human race over the last

three thousand years. She knew all she needed to know about the

history of the human race: the ruthless and the defenseless. She

didn't need the dates and the names. The ruthless and the defenseless,

there's the whole fucking deal. Nobody here was going to try to

encourage her to read, because nobody here knew how, with the ex-

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

ception of the girl. That snake certainly didn't know how. It just

knew how to eat mice. Slow and easy. Plenty of time.

"What kind of snake is that?"

"A black rat snake."

"Takes the whole thing down."

"Yeah."

"Gets digested in the gut."

"Yeah."

"How many will it eat?"

"That's his seventh mouse. He took that one kind of slow even

for him. That might be his last."

"Every day seven?"

"No. Every one or two weeks."

"And is it let out anywhere or is that life?" she said, pointing to

the glass case from which the snake had been lifted into the plastic

carton where it was fed.

"That's it. In there."

"Good deal," said Faunia, and she turned back to look across the

room at the crow, still on its perch inside its cage. "Well, Prince, I'm

over here. And you're over there. And I have no interest in you

whatsoever. If you don't want to land on my shoulder, I couldn't

care less." She pointed to another of the stuffed animals. "What's

the guy over there?"

"That's an osprey."

She sized it up—a hard look at the sharp claws—and, again with

a biggish laugh, said, "Don't mess with the osprey."

The snake was considering an eighth mouse. "If I could only get

my kids to eat seven mice," Faunia said, "I'd be the happiest mother

on earth."

The girl smiled and said, "Last Sunday, Prince got out and was

flying around. All of the birds we have can't fly. Prince is the only

one that can fly. He's pretty fast."

"Oh, I know that," Faunia said.

"I was dumping some water and he made a beeline for the door

and went out into the trees. Within minutes there were three or

THE HUMAN STAIN

four crows that came. Surrounded him in the tree. And they were

going nuts. Harassing him. Hitting him on the back. Screaming.

Smacking into him and stuff. They were there within minutes. He

doesn't have the right voice. He doesn't know the crow language.

They don't like him out there. Eventually he came down to me, because

I was out there. They would have killed him."

"That's what comes of being hand-raised," said Faunia. "That's what

comes of hanging around all his life with people like us. The human

stain," she said, and without revulsion or contempt or condemnation.

Not even with sadness. That's how it is—in her own dry way, that is all

Faunia was telling the girl feeding the snake: we leave a stain, we leave

a trail, we leave our imprint. Impurity, cruelty, abuse, error,

excrement, semen—there's no other way to be here. Nothing to do

with disobedience. Nothing to do with grace or salvation or

redemption. It's in everyone. Indwelling. Inherent. Defining. The stain

that is there before its mark. Without the sign it is there. The stain so

intrinsic it doesn't require a mark. The stain that precedes disobedience,

that encompasses disobedience and perplexes all explanation and

understanding. It's why all the cleansing is a joke. A barbaric joke at

that. The fantasy of purity is appalling. It's insane. What is the quest to

purify, if not more impurity? All she was saying about the stain was that

it's inescapable. That, naturally, would be Faunia's take on it: the

inevitably stained creatures that we are. Reconciled to the horrible,

elemental imperfection. She's like the Greeks, like Coleman's Greeks.

Like their gods. They're petty. They quarrel. They fight. They hate. They

murder. They fuck. All their Zeus ever wants to do is to fuck—

goddesses, mortals, heifers, she-bears—and not merely in his own

form but, even more excitingly, as himself made manifest as beast.

To hugely mount a woman as a bull. To enter her bizarrely as a flailing

white swan. There is never enough flesh for the king of the gods or

enough perversity. All the craziness desire brings. The dissoluteness.

The depravity. The crudest pleasures. And the fury from the all-seeing

wife. Not the Hebrew God, infinitely alone, infinitely obscure,

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

monomaniacally the only god there is, was, and always will be, with

nothing better to do than worry about Jews. And not the perfectly

desexualized Christian man-god and his uncontaminated mother and all

the guilt and shame that an exquisite unearthliness inspires. Instead the

Greek Zeus, entangled in adventure, vividly expressive, capricious,

sensual, exuberantly wedded to his own rich existence, anything but

alone and anything but hidden. Instead the divine stain. A great realityreflecting

religion for Faunia Farley if, through Coleman, she'd known

anything about it. As the hubristic fantasy has it, made in the image of

God, all right, but not ours—theirs. God debauched. God corrupted. A

god of life if ever there was one. God in the image of man.

"Yeah. I suppose that's the tragedy of human beings raising crows,"

the girl replied, not exactly getting Faunia's drift though not entirely

missing it either. "They don't recognize their own species. He doesn't.

And he should. It's called imprinting," the girl told her. "Prince is really

a crow that doesn't know how to be a crow."

Suddenly Prince started cawing, not in a true crow caw but in that

caw that he had stumbled on himself and that drove the other crows

nuts. The bird was out on top of the door now, practically shrieking.

Smiling temptingly, Faunia turned and said, "I take that as a

compliment, Prince."

"He imitates the schoolkids that come here and imitate him," the girl

explained. "When the kids on the school trips imitate a crow? That's his

impression of the kids. The kids do that. He's invented his own

language. From kids."

In a strange voice of her own, Faunia said, "I love that strange voice

he invented." And in the meantime she had crossed back to the cage

and stood only inches from the door. She raised her hand, the hand with

the ring, and said to the bird, "Here. Here. Look what I brought you to

play with." She took the ring off and held it up for him to examine at

close range. "He likes my opal ring."

"Usually we give him keys to play with."

THE HUMAN STAIN

"Well, he's moved up in the world. Haven't we all. Here. Three

hundred bucks," Faunia said. "Come on, play with it. Don't you

know an expensive ring when somebody offers it to you?"

"He'll take it," the girl said. "He'll take it inside with him. He's

like a pack rat. He'll take his food and shove it into the cracks in the

wall of his cage and pound it in there with his beak."

The crow had now grasped the ring tightly in its beak and was

jerkily moving its head from side to side. Then the ring fell to the

floor. The bird had dropped it.

Faunia bent down and picked it up and offered it to the crow

again. "If you drop it, I'm not going to give it to you. You know that.

Three hundred bucks. I'm giving you a ring for three hundred

bucks—what are you, a fancy man? If you want it, you have to take

it. Right? Okay?"

With his beak he again plucked it from her fingers and firmly

took hold of it.

"Thank you," said Faunia. "Take it inside," she whispered so that

the girl couldn't hear. "Take it in your cage. Go ahead. It's for you."

But he dropped it again.

"He's very smart," the girl called over to Faunia. "When we play

with him, we put a mouse inside a container and close it. And he

figures out how to open the container. It's amazing."

Once again Faunia retrieved the ring and offered it, and again

the crow took it and dropped it.

"Oh, Prince—that was deliberate. It's now a game, is it?"

Caw. Caw. Caw. Caw. Right into her face, the bird exploded with

its special noise.

Here Faunia reached up with her hand and began to stroke the

head and then, very slowly, to stroke the body downward from the

head, and the crow allowed her to do this. "Oh, Prince. Oh, so beautifully

shiny. He's humming to me," she said, and her voice was rapturous,

as though she had at last uncovered the meaning of everything.

"He's humming" And she began to hum back, "Ewwww ...

ewwww . . . ummmmm," imitating the bird, which was indeed

making some sort of lowing sound as it felt the pressure of the

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

hand smoothing its back feathers. Then suddenly, click click, it was

clicking its beak. "Oh, that's good" whispered Faunia, and then she

turned her head to the girl and, with her heartiest of laughs, said,

"Is he for sale? That clicking did it. I'll take him." Meanwhile, closer

and closer she came to his clicking beak with her own lips, whispering

to the bird, "Yes, I'll take you, I'll buy you—"

"He does bite, so watch your eyes," the girl said.

"Oh, I know he bites. I've already had him bite me a couple of

times. When we first met he bit me. But he clicks, too. Oh, listen to

him click, children."

And she was remembering how hard she had tried to die. Twice.

Up in the room in Seeley Falls. The month after the children died,

twice tried to kill myself in that room. For all intents and purposes,

the first time I did. I know from stories the nurse told me. The stuff

on the monitor that defines a heartbeat wasn't even there. Usually

lethal, she said. But some girls have all the luck. And I tried so hard.

I remember taking the shower, shaving my legs, putting on my best

skirt, the long denim skirt. The wraparound. And the blouse from

Brattleboro that time, that summer, the embroidered blouse. I remember

the gin and the Valium, and dimly remember this powder.

I forget the name. Some kind of rat powder, bitter, and I folded it

into the butterscotch pudding. Did I turn on the oven? Did I forget

to? Did I turn blue? How long did I sleep? When did they decide to

break down the door? I still don't know who did that. To me it was

ecstatic, getting myself ready. There are times in life worth celebrating.

Triumphant times. The occasions for which dressing up was

intended. Oh, how I turned myself out. I braided my hair. I did my

eyes. Would have made my own mother proud, and that's saying

something. Called her just the week before to tell her the kids were

dead. First phone call in twenty years. "It's Faunia, Mother." "I don't

know anybody by that name. Sorry," and hung up. The bitch. After I

ran away, she told everyone, "My husband is strict and Faunia

couldn't live by the rules. She could never live by the rules." The

classic cover-up. What privileged girl-child ever ran away because a

stepfather was strict? She runs away, you bitch, because the stepfa-

THE HUMAN STAIN

ther isn't strict—because the stepfather is wayward and won't leave

her alone. Anyway, I dressed myself in the best I owned. No less

would do. The second time I didn't dress up. And that I didn't dress

up tells the whole story. My heart wasn't in it anymore, not after the

first time didn't work. The second time it was sudden and impulsive

and joyless. That first time had been so long in coming, days

and nights, all that anticipation. The concoctions. Buying the powder.

Getting prescriptions. But the second time was hurried. Uninspired.

I think I stopped because I couldn't stand the suffocating.

My throat choking, really suffocating, not getting any air, and hurrying

to unknot the extension cord. There wasn't any of that hurried

business the first time. It was calm and peaceful. The kids are

gone and there's no one to worry about and I have all the time in

the world. If only I'd done it right. The pleasure there was in it.

Finally where there is none, there is that last joyous moment, when

death should come on your own angry terms, but you don't feel angry

—just elated. I can't stop thinking about it. All this week. He's

reading to me about Clinton from the New York Times and all I'm

thinking about is Dr. Kevorkian and his carbon monoxide machine.

Just inhale deeply. Just suck until there is no more to inhale.

"'They were such beautiful children,' he said. 'You never expect

anything like this to happen to you or your friends. At least Faunia

has the faith that her children are with God now.'"

That's what some jerk-off told the paper. 2CHILDREN SUFFOCATE

IN LOCAL HOUSE FIRE. "'Based on the initial investigation,'

Sergeant Donaldson said, 'evidence indicates that a space

heater...' Residents of the rural road said they became aware of the

fire when the children's mother..."

When the children's mother tore herself free from the cock she

was sucking.

"The father of the children, Lester Farley, emerged from the hallway

moments later, neighbors said."

Ready to kill me once and for all. He didn't. And then I didn't.

Amazing. Amazing how nobody's done it yet to the dead children's

mother.

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

"No, I didn't, Prince. Couldn't make that work either. And so,"

she whispered to the bird, whose lustrous blackness beneath her

hand was warm and sleek like nothing she had ever fondled, "here

we are instead. A crow who really doesn't know how to be a crow, a

woman who doesn't really know how to be a woman. We're meant

for each other. Marry me. You're my destiny, you ridiculous bird."

Then she stepped back and bowed. "Farewell, my Prince."

And the bird responded. With a high-pitched noise that so

sounded like "Cool. Cool. Cool," that once again she broke into

laughter. When she turned to wave goodbye to the girl, she told her,

"Well, that's better than I get from the guys on the street."

And she'd left the ring. Coleman's gift. When the girl wasn't

looking, she'd hid it away in the cage. Engaged to a crow. That's the

ticket.

"Thank you," called Faunia.

"You're welcome. Have a good one," the girl called after her, and

with that, Faunia drove back to Coleman's to finish her breakfast

and see what developed with him next. The ring's in the cage. He's

got the ring. He's got a three-hundred-dollar ring.

The trip to the Moving Wall up in Pittsfield took place on Veterans

Day, when the flag is flown at half-mast and many towns hold parades

—and the department stores hold their sales—and vets who

feel as Les did are more disgusted with their compatriots, their

country, and their government than on any other day of the year.

Now he was supposed to be in some two-bit parade and march

around while a band played and everyone waved the flag? Now it

was going to make everybody feel good for a minute to be recognizing

their Vietnam veterans? How come they spit on him when he

came home if they were so eager to see him out there now? How

come there were veterans sleeping in the street while that draft

dodger was sleeping in the White House? Slick Willie, commander

in chief. Son of a bitch. Squeezing that Jew girl's fat tits while the VA

budget goes down the drain. Lying about sex? Shit. The goddamn

government lies about everything. No, the U.S. government had al-

THE HUMAN STAIN

ready played enough bad jokes on Lester Farley without adding on

the joke of Veterans Day.

And yet there he was, on that day of all days, driving up to

Pittsfield in Louie's van. They were headed for the half-scale replica

of the real Wall that for some fifteen years now had been touring

the country; from the tenth through the sixteenth of November, it

was to be on view in the parking lot of the Ramada Inn under the

sponsorship of the Pittsfield VFW. With him was the same crew

that had seen him through the trial of the Chinese meal. They

weren't going to let him go alone, and they'd been reassuring him

of that all along: we'll be there with you, we'll stand by you, we'll be

with you 24/7 if we need to be. Louie had gone so far as to say that

afterward Les could stay with him and his wife at their house, and,

for however long it took, they would look after him. "You won't

have to go home alone, Les, not if you don't want to. I don't think

you should try. You come stay with me and Tess. Tessie's seen it all.

Tessie understands. You don't have to worry about Tessie. When I

got back, Tessie became my motivation. My outlook was, How can

anyone tell me what to do. I'm going into a rage without any provocation.

You know. You know it all, Les. But thank God Tessie steadfastly

stood by me. If you want, she'll stand by you."

Louie was a brother to him, the best brother a man could ever

hope to have, but because he would not leave him be about going to

the Wall, because he was so fucking fanatical about him seeing that

wall, Les had all he could do not to take him by the throat and

throttle the bastard. Gimpy spic bastard, leave me alone! Stop telling

me how it took you ten years to get to the Wall. Stop telling me

how it fucking changed your life. Stop telling me how you made

peace with Mikey. Stop telling me what Mikey said to you at the

Wall. I don't want to know!

And yet they're off, they're on their way, and again Louie is repeating

to him, "'It's all right, Louie'—that's what Mikey told me,

and that's what Kenny is going to tell you. What he was telling me,

Les, is that it was okay, I could get on with my life."

"I can't take it, Lou—turn around."

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

"Buddy, relax. We're halfway there."

"Turn the fucking thing around!"

"Les, you don't know unless you go. You got to go," said Louie

kindly, "and you got to find out."

"I don't want to find out!"

"How about you take a little more of your meds? A little Ativan.

A little Valium. A little extra won't hurt. Give him some water,

Chet."

Once they reached Pittsfield and Louie had parked across the

way from the Ramada Inn, it wasn't easy getting Les out of the van.

"I'm not doin' it," he said, and so the others stood around outside

smoking, letting Les have a little more time for the extra Ativan and

Valium to kick in. From the street, Louie kept an eye on him. There

were a lot of police cars around and a lot of buses. There was a ceremony

going on at the Wall, you could hear somebody speaking

over a microphone, some local politician, probably the fifteenth

one to sound off that morning. "The people whose names are inscribed

on this wall behind me are your relatives, friends, and

neighbors. They are Christian, Jew, Muslim, black, white, native

people—Americans all. They gave a pledge to defend and protect,

and gave their lives to keep that pledge. There is no honor,

no ceremony, that can fully express our gratitude and admiration.

The following poem was left at this wall a few weeks ago in Ohio,

and I'd like to share it with you. 'We remember you, smiling, proud,

strong / You told us not to worry / We remember those last hugs

and kisses ...'"

And when that speech was over, there was another to come. "...

but with this wall of names behind me, and as I look out into the

crowd and see the faces of middle-aged men like me, some of

them wearing medals and other remnants of a military uniform,

and I see a slight sadness in their eyes—maybe that's what's left of

the thousand-yard stare which we all picked up when we were

just brother grunts, infantrymen, ten thousand miles away from

home—when I see all this, I am somehow transported back thirty

years. This traveling monument's permanent namesake opened on

THE HUMAN STAIN

the Mall in Washington on November 13, 1982. It took me roughly

about two and a half years to get there. Looking back over that

time, I know, like many Vietnam veterans, I stayed away on purpose,

because of painful memories that I knew it would conjure up.

And so on a Washington evening, when dusk was settling, I went

over to the Wall by myself. I left my wife and children at the hotel—

we were on our way back from Disney World—and visited, stood

alone at its apex, close to where I'm standing right now. And the

memories came—a whirlwind of emotions came. I remembered

people I grew up with, played ball with, who are on this wall, right

here from Pittsfield. I remembered my radio operator, Sal. We met

in Vietnam. We played the where-you-from game. Massachusetts.

Massachusetts. Whereabouts in Massachusetts? West Springfield he

was from. I said I was from Pittsfield. And Sal died a month after I

left. I came home in April, and I picked up a local newspaper, and I

saw that Sal was not going to meet me in Pittsfield or Springfield

for drinks. I remembered other men I served with..."

And then there was a band—an army infantry band most likely

—playing the "Battle Hymn of the Green Berets," which led Louie

to conclude that it was best to wait till the ceremony was completely

over before getting Les out of the van. Louie had timed their arrival

so they wouldn't have to deal with the speeches or the emotional

music, but the program had more than likely started late, and so

they were still at it. Looking at his watch, though, seeing it was close

to noon, he figured it must be near the end. And, yep—suddenly

they were finishing up. The lone bugle playing taps. Just as well.

Hard enough to hear taps standing out on the street amid all the

empty buses and the cop cars, let alone to be right there, with all the

weeping people, dealing with taps and the Wall. There was taps, agonizing

taps, the last awful note of taps, and then the band was

playing "God Bless America," and Louie could hear the people at

the Wall singing along—"From the mountains, to the prairies, to

the oceans, white with foam"—and a moment later it was over.

Inside the van, Les was still shaking, but he didn't appear to be

looking behind him all the time and only occasionally was he look-

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

ing over his head for "the things," and so Louie climbed awkwardly

back up inside and sat down next to him, knowing that the whole

of Les's life was now the dread of what he was about to find out,

and so the thing to do was to get him there and get it done with.

"We're going to send Swift in advance, Les, to find Kenny for you.

It's a pretty long wall. Better than you having to go through all

those names, Swift and the guys'll go over and locate it in advance.

The names are up there on panels in the order of time. They're up

there by time, from first guy to last guy. We got Kenny's date, you

gave us the date, so it won't take too long now to find him."

"I ain't doin' it."

When Swift came back to the van, he opened the door a crack

and said to Louie, "We got Kenny. We found him."

"Okay, this is it, Lester. Suck it up. You're going to walk over

there. It's around back of the inn. There are going to be other folks

there doing the same thing we're doing. They had an official little

ceremony, but that's finished and you don't have to worry about it.

No speeches. No bullshit. It's just going to be kids and parents and

grandparents and they are all going to be doing the same thing.

They're going to be laying wreaths of flowers. They're going to

be saying prayers. Mostly they're going to be looking for names.

They're going to be talking among themselves like people do, Les.

Some of them are going to be crying. That's all that's there. So you

know just what's there. You're going to take your time but you're

coming with us."

It was unusually warm for November, and approaching the Wall

they saw that a lot of the guys were in shirtsleeves and some of the

women were wearing shorts. People wearing sunglasses in mid-November

but otherwise the flowers, the people, the kids, the grandparents

—it was exactly as Louie had described. And the Moving

Wall was no surprise: he'd seen it in magazines, on T-shirts, got a

glimpse on TV once of the real full-sized D.C. Wall before he

quickly switched off the set. Stretched the entire length of the macadam

parking lot were all those familiar joined panels, a perpendicular

cemetery of dark upright slabs sloping off gradually at either

THE HUMAN STAIN

end and stamped in white lettering with all the tightly packed

names. The name of each of the dead was about a quarter of the

length of a man's little finger. That's what it took to get them all in

there, 58,209 people who no longer take walks or go to the movies

but who manage to exist, for whatever it is worth, as inscriptions on

a portable black aluminum wall supported behind by a frame of

two-by-fours in a Massachusetts parking lot back of a Ramada Inn.

The first time Swift had been to the Wall he couldn't get out of

the bus, and the others had to drag him off and keep dragging until

they got him face to face with it, and afterward he had said, "You

can hear the Wall crying." The first time Chet had been to the

Wall he'd begun to beat on it with his fists and to scream, "That

shouldn't be Billy's name—no, Billy, no!—that there should be my

name!" The first time Bobcat had been to the Wall he'd just put out

his hand to touch it and then, as though the hand were frozen,

could not pull it away—had what the VA doctor called some type of

fit. The first time Louie had been to the Wall it didn't take him long

to figure out what the deal was and get to the point. "Okay, Mikey,"

he'd said aloud, "here I am. I'm here," and Mikey, speaking in his

own voice, had said right back to him, "It's all right, Lou. It's okay."

Les knew all these stories of what could happen the first time,

and now he is there for the first time, and he doesn't feel a thing.

Nothing happens. Everyone telling him it's going to be better,

you're going to come to terms with it, each time you come back it's

going to get better and better until we get you to Washington and

you make a tracing at the big wall of Kenny's name, and that, that is

going to be the real spiritual healing—this enormous buildup, and

nothing happens. Nothing. Swift had heard the Wall crying—Les

doesn't hear anything. Doesn't feel anything, doesn't hear anything,

doesn't even remember anything. It's like when he saw his two kids

dead. This huge lead-in, and nothing. Here he was so afraid he was

going to feel too much and he feels nothing, and that is worse. It

shows that despite everything, despite Louie and the trips to the

Chinese restaurant and the meds and no drinking, he was right all

along to believe he was dead. At the Chinese restaurant he felt

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

something, and that temporarily tricked him. But now he knows

for sure he's dead because he can't even call up Kenny's memory. He

used to be tortured by it, now he can't be connected to it in any way.

Because he's a first-timer, the others are kind of hovering

around. They wander off briefly, one at a time, to pay their respects

to particular buddies, but there is always someone who stays with

him to check him out, and when each guy comes back from being

away, he puts an arm around Les and hugs him. They all believe

they are right now more attuned to one another than they have ever

been before, and they all believe, because Les has the requisite

stunned look, that he is having the experience they all wanted him

to have. They have no idea that when he turns his gaze up to one of

the three American flags flying, along with the black POW/MIA

flag, over the parking lot at half-mast, he is not thinking about

Kenny or even about Veterans Day but thinking that they are flying

all the flags at half-mast in Pittsfield because it has finally been established

that Les Farley is dead. It's official: altogether dead and

not merely inside. He doesn't tell this to the others. What's the

point? The truth is the truth. "Proud of you," Louie whispers to

him. "Knew you could do it. I knew this would happen." Swift is

saying to him, "If you ever want to talk about it..."

A serenity has overcome him now that they all mistake for some

therapeutic achievement. The Wall That Heals—that's what the

sign says that's out front of the inn, and that is what it does. Finished

with standing in front of Kenny's name, they're walking up

and down with Les, the whole length of the Wall and back, all of

them watching the folks searching for the names, letting Lester take

it all in, letting him know that he is where he is doing what he is doing.

"This is not a wall to climb, honey," a woman says quietly to a

small boy she's gathered back from where he was peering over the

low end. "What's the name? What's Steve's last name?" an elderly

man is asking his wife as he is combing through one of the panels,

counting carefully down with a finger, row by row, from the top.

"Right there," they hear a woman say to a tiny tot who can barely

walk; with one finger she is touching a name on the Wall. "Right

THE HUMAN STAIN

there, sweetie. That's Uncle Johnny." And she crosses herself. "You

sure that's line twenty-eight?" a woman says to her husband. "I'm

sure." "Well, he's got to be there. Panel four, line twenty-eight. I

found him in Washington." "Well, I don't see him. Let me count

again." "That's my cousin," a woman is saying. "He opened a bottle

of Coke over there, and it exploded. Booby-trapped. Nineteen years

old. Behind the lines. He's at peace, please God." There is a veteran

in an American Legion cap kneeling before one of the panels, helping

out two black ladies dressed in their best church clothes. "What's

his name?" he asks the younger of the two. "Bates. James." "Here he

is," the vet says. "There he is, Ma," the younger woman says.

Because the Wall is half the size of the Washington Wall, a lot of

people are having to kneel down to search for the names and, for

the older ones, that makes locating them especially hard. There are

flowers wrapped in cellophane lying up against the Wall. There is a

handwritten poem on a piece of paper that somebody has taped to

the bottom of the Wall. Louie stoops to read the words: "Star light,

star bright / First star I see tonight..." There are people with red

eyes from crying. There are vets with a black Vietnam Vet cap like

Louie's, some of them with campaign ribbons pinned to the cap.

There's a chubby boy of about ten, his back turned stubbornly to

the Wall, saying to a woman, "I don't wanna read it." There's a

heavily tattooed guy in a First Infantry Division T-shirt—"Big Red

One," the T-shirt says—who is clutching himself and wandering

around in a daze, having terrible thoughts. Louie stops, takes hold

of him, and gives him a hug. They all hug him. They even get Les to

hug him. "Two of my high school friends are on there, killed within

forty-eight hours of each other," a fellow nearby is saying. "And

both of them waked from the same funeral home. That was a sad

day at Kingston High." "He was the first one to go to Nam," somebody

else is saying, "and the only one of us to not come back. And

you know what he'd want there under his name, at the Wall there?

Just what he wanted in Nam. I'll tell you exactly: a bottle of Jack

Daniel's, a pair of good boots, and pussy hairs baked into a

brownie."

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

There is a group of four guys standing around talking, and when

Louie hears them going at it, reminiscing, he stops to listen, and the

others wait there with him. The four strangers are all gray-haired

men—all of them now with stray gray hair or gray curls or, in one

case, a gray ponytail poking out from back of the Vietnam Vet cap.

"You were mechanized when you were there, huh?"

"Yeah. We did a lot of humpin', but sooner or later you knew

you'd get back to that fifty."

"We did a lot of walkin'. We walked all over the freakin' Central

Highlands. All over them damn mountains."

"Another thing with the mech unit, we were never in the rear.

I think out of the whole time I was there, almost eleven months,

I went to base camp when I got there and I went on R&R—that

was it."

"When the tracks were movin', they knew you were comin', and

they knew when you were going to get there, so that B-40 rocket

was sittin' there waitin'. He had a lot of time to polish it up and put

your name on it."

Suddenly Louie butts in, speaks up. "We're here," he says straight

out to the four strangers. "We're here, right? We're all here. Let me

do names. Let me do names and addresses." And he takes his notepad

out of his back pocket and, while leaning on his cane, writes

down all their information so he can mail them the newsletter he

and Tessie publish and send out, on their own, a couple of times a

year.

Then they are passing the empty chairs. They hadn't seen them

on the way in, so intent were they on getting Les to the Wall without

his falling down or breaking away. At the end of the parking lot,

there are forty-one brownish-gray old metal bridge chairs, probably

out of some church basement and set up in slightly arced rows,

as at a graduation or an award ceremony—three rows of ten, one

row of eleven. Great care has been taken to arrange them just so.

Taped to the backrest of each chair is somebody's name—above the

empty seat, a name, a man's name, printed on a white card. A whole

section of chairs off by itself, and, so as to be sure that nobody sits

THE HUMAN STAIN

down there, it is roped off on each of the four sides with a sagging

loop of intertwined black and purple bunting.

And a wreath is hanging there, a big wreath of carnations, and

when Louie, who doesn't miss a thing, stops to count them, he

finds, as he suspected, that the carnations number forty-one.

"What's this?" asks Swift.

"It's the guys from Pittsfield that died. It's their empty chairs,"

Louie says.

"Son of a bitch," Swift says. "What a fuckin' slaughter. Either fight

to win or don't fight at all. Son of a fuckin' bitch."

But the afternoon isn't over for them yet. Out on the pavement

in front of the Ramada Inn, there is a skinny guy in glasses, wearing

a coat much too heavy for the day, who is having a serious problem

—shouting at passing strangers, pointing at them, spitting because

he's shouting so hard, and there are cops rushing in from the

squad cars to try to talk him into calming down before he strikes

out at someone or, if he has a gun hidden on him, pulls it out to

take a shot. In one hand he holds a bottle of whiskey—that's all he

appears to have on him. "Look at me!" he shouts. "I'm shit and everybody

who looks at me knows I'm shit. Nixon! Nixon! That's who

did it to me! That's what did it to me! Nixon sent me to Vietnam!"

Solemn as they are as they pile into the van, each bearing the

weight of his remembrances, there is the relief of seeing Les, unlike

the guy cracking up on the street, in a state of calm that never

before existed for him. Though they are not men given to expressing

transcendent sentiments, they feel, in Les's presence, the emotions

that can accompany that kind of urge. During the course of

the drive home, each of them—except for Les—apprehends to the

greatest degree available to him the mystery of being alive and in

flux.

He looked serene, but that was a fakeout. He'd made up his mind.

Use his vehicle. Take them all out, including himself. Along the

river, come right at them, in the same lane, in their lane, round the

turn where the river bends.

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

He's made up his mind. Got nothin' to lose and everything to

gain. It isn't a matter of if that happens or if I see this or if I think

this I will do it and if I don't I won't. He's made up his mind to the

extent that he's no longer thinking. He's on a suicide mission, and

inside he is agitated big-time. No words. No thoughts. It's just seeing,

hearing, tasting, smelling—it's anger, adrenaline, and it's resignation.

We're not in Vietnam. We're beyond Vietnam.

(Taken again in restraints to the Northampton VA a year later, he

tries putting into plain English for the psychologist this pure state

of something that is nothing. It's all confidential anyway. She's a

doc. Medical ethics. Strictly between the two of them. "What were

you thinking?" "No thinking." "You had to be thinking something."

"Nothing." "At what point did you get in your truck?" "After dark."

"Had you had dinner?" "No dinner." "Why did you think you were

getting into the truck?" "I knew why." "You knew where you were

going." "To get him." "To get who?" "The Jew. The Jew professor."

"Why were you going to do that?" "To get him." "Because you had

to?" "Because I had to." "Why did you have to?" "Kenny." "You were

going to kill him." "Oh yes. All of us." "There was planning, then."

"No planning." "You knew what you were doing." "Yes." "But you

did not plan it." "No." "Did you think you were back in Vietnam?"

"No Vietnam." "Were you having a flashback?" "No flashbacks."

"Did you think you were in the jungle?" "No jungle." "Did you

think you would feel better?" "No feelings." "Were you thinking

about the kids? Was this payback?" "No payback." "Are you sure?"

"No payback." "This woman, you tell me, killed your children, 'a

blow job,' you told me, 'killed my kids'—weren't you trying to get

back at her, to take revenge for that?" "No revenge." "Were you depressed?"

"No, no depression." "You were out to kill two people and

yourself and you were not angry?" "No, no more anger." "Sir, you

got in your truck, you knew where they would be, and you drove

into their headlights. And you're trying to tell me you weren't trying

to kill them." "I didn't kill them." "Who killed them?" "They

killed themselves.")

Just driving. That's all he's doing. Planning and not planning.

THE HUMAN STAIN

Knowing and not knowing. The other headlights are coming at

him, and then they're gone. No collision? Okay, no collision. Once

they swerve off the road, he changes lanes and keeps going. He just

keeps driving. Next morning, waiting with the road crew to go out

for the day, he hears about it at the town garage. The other guys already

know.

There's no collision so, though he has some sense of it, he's got

no details, and when he gets home from driving and gets out of the

truck he's not sure what happened. Big day for him. November the

eleventh. Veterans Day. That morning he goes with Louie—that

morning he goes to the Wall, that afternoon he comes home from

the Wall, that night he goes out to kill everybody. Did he? Can't

know because there's no collision, but still quite a day from a therapeutic

point of view. Second half being more therapeutic than the

first. Achieves a true serenity now. Now Kenny can speak to him.

Firing side by side with Kenny, both of them opened up on fully automatic,

when Hector, the team leader, gives the screaming order

"Get your stuff and let's get out of here!" and suddenly Kenny is

dead. Quick as that. Up on some hill. Under attack, pulling back—

and Kenny's dead. Can't be. His buddy, another farm boy, same

background except from Missouri, they were going to do dairy

farming together, guy who as a kid of six watched his father die

and as a kid of nine watched his mother die, raised after that by an

uncle he loved and was always talking about, a successful dairy

farmer with a good-sized spread—180 milking cows, twelve machines

milking six cows a side in the parlor at a time—and Kenny's

head is gone and he's dead.

Looks like Les is communicating with his buddy now. Showed

Kenny that Kenny's not forgotten. Kenny wanted him to do it, and

he did it. Now he knows that whatever he did—even if he's not sure

what it was—he did it for Kenny. Even if he did kill someone and he

goes to jail, it doesn't matter—it can't matter because he's dead.

This was just one last thing to do for Kenny. Squared it with him.

Knows everything is now all right with Kenny.

("I went to the Wall and there was his name and it was silence.

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

Waited and waited and waited. I looked at him, he looked at me. I

didn't hear anything, didn't feel anything, and that's the point I

knew it wasn't okay with Kenny. That there was more to be done.

Didn't know what it was. But he wouldn't have just left me like that.

That's why there was no message for me. Because I still had more to

do for Kenny. Now? Now it's okay with Kenny. Now he can rest."

"And are you still dead?" "What are you, an asswipe? Oh, I can't talk

to you, you asswipe! I did it because I am dead!")

Next morning, first thing, he hears at the garage that she was

with the Jew in a car crash. Everybody figures that she was blowing

him and he lost control and they went off the road and through the

barrier and over the embankment and front-end-first into the shallows

of the river. The Jew lost control of the car.

No, he does not associate this with what happened the night before.

He was just out driving, in a different state of mind entirely.

He says, "Yeah? What happened? Who killed her?"

"The Jew killed her. Went off the road."

"She was probably going down on him."

"That's what they say."

That's it. Doesn't feel anything about that either. Still feels nothing.

Except his suffering. Why is he suffering so much for what happened

to him when she can go on giving blow jobs to old Jews? He's

the one who does the suffering, and now she just up and walks away

from it all.

Anyway, as he sips his morning coffee at the town garage, looks

that way to him.

When everybody gets up to start for the trucks, Les says, "Guess

that music won't be coming from that house on Saturday nights

anymore."

Though, as sometimes happens, nobody knows what he's talking

about, they laugh anyway, and with that, the workday begins.

If she located herself in western Massachusetts, the ad could be

traced back to her by colleagues who subscribed to the New York

Review of Books, particularly if she went on to describe her appear-

THE HUMAN STAIN

ance and list her credentials. Yet if she didn't specify her place of

residence, she could wind up with not a single response from anyone

within a radius of a hundred, two, even three hundred miles.

And since in every ad she'd studied in the New York Review, the age

given by women exceeded her own by from fifteen to thirty years,

how could she go ahead to reveal her correct age—to portray herself

correctly altogether—without arousing the suspicion that there

was something significant undisclosed by her and wrong with her, a

woman claiming to be so young, so attractive, so accomplished

who found it necessary to look for a man through a personal ad? If

she described herself as "passionate," this might readily be interpreted

by the lascivious-minded to be an intentional provocation,

to mean "loose" or worse, and letters would come pouring in to her

NYRB box from the men she wanted nothing to do with. But if she

appeared to be a bluestocking for whom sex was of decidedly less

importance than her academic, scholarly, and intellectual pursuits,

she would be sure to encourage a response from a type who would

be all too maidenly for someone as excitable as she could be with

an erotic counterpart she could trust. If she presented herself as

"pretty," she would be associating herself with a vague catchall category

of women, and yet if she described herself, straight out, as

"beautiful," if she dared to be truthful enough to evoke the word

that had never seemed extravagant to her lovers—who had called

her éblouissante (as in "Éblouissante! Tu as un visage de chat"); dazzling,

stunning—or if, for the sake of precision in a text of only

thirty or so words, she invoked the resemblance noted by her elders

to Leslie Caron who her father always enjoyed making too much of,

then anyone other than a megalomaniac might be too intimidated

to approach her or refuse to take her seriously as an intellectual. If

she wrote, "A photo accompanying the letter would be welcome,"

or, simply, "Photo, please," it could be misunderstood to imply that

she esteemed good looks above intelligence, erudition, and cultural

refinement; moreover, any photos she received might be touched

up, years old, or altogether spurious. Asking for a photo might even

discourage a response from the very men whose interest she was

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

hoping to elicit. Yet if she didn't request a photo, she could wind up

traveling all the way to Boston, to New York, or farther, to find herself

the dinner companion of someone wholly inappropriate and

even distasteful. And distasteful not necessarily because of looks

alone. What if he was a liar? What if he was a charlatan? What if he

was a psychopath? What if he had AIDS? What if he was violent, vicious,

married, or on Medicare? What if he was a weirdo, someone

she couldn't get rid of? What if she gave her name and her place of

employment to a stalker? Yet, on their first meeting, how could she

withhold her name? In search of a serious, impassioned love affair

leading to marriage and a family, how could an open, honest person

start off by lying about something as fundamental as her name?

And what about race? Oughtn't she to include the kindly solicitation

"Race unimportant"? But it wasn't unimportant; it should be,

it ought to be, it well might have been but for the fiasco back in

Paris when she was seventeen that convinced her that a man of another

race was an unfeasible—because an unknowable—partner.

She was young and adventurous, she didn't want to be cautious,

and he was from a good family in Brazzaville, the son of a supreme

court judge—or so he said—in Paris as an exchange student for a

year at Nanterre. Dominique was his name, and she thought of him

as a fellow spiritual lover of literature. She'd met him at one of the

Milan Kundera lectures. He picked her up there, and outside they

were still basking in Kundera's observations on Madame Bovary,

infected, the both of them, with what Delphine excitedly thought

of as "the Kundera disease." Kundera was legitimatized for them

by being persecuted as a Czech writer, by being someone who had

lost out in Czechoslovakia's great historical struggle to be free.

Kundera's playfulness did not appear to be frivolous, not at all. The

Book of Laughter and Forgetting they loved. There was something

trustworthy about him. His Eastern Europeanness. The restless nature

of the intellectual. That everything appeared to be difficult for

him. Both were won over by Kundera's modesty, the very opposite

of superstar demeanor, and both believed in his ethos of thinking

and suffering. All that intellectual tribulation—and then there were

THE HUMAN STAIN

his looks. Delphine was very taken by the writer's poetically prizefighterish

looks, to her an outward sign of everything colliding

within.

After the pickup at the Kundera lecture, it was completely a physical

experience with Dominique, and she had never had that before.

It was completely about her body. She had just connected so much

with the Kundera lecture and she had mistaken that connection for

the connection she had to Dominique, and it happened all very

fast. There was nothing except her body. Dominique didn't understand

that she didn't want just sex. She wanted to be something

more than a piece of meat on a spit, turned and basted. That's what

he did—those were even his words: turning her and basting her. He

was interested in nothing else, least of all in literature. Loosen up

and shut up—that's his attitude with her, and she somehow gets

locked in, and then comes the terrible night she shows up at his

room and he is waiting there for her with his friend. It's not that

she's now prejudiced, it's just that she realizes she would not have

so misjudged a man of her own race. This was her worst failure,

and she could never forget it. Redemption had only come with

the professor who'd given her his Roman ring. Sex, yes, wonderful

sex, but sex with metaphysics. Sex with metaphysics with a man

with gravitas who is not vain. Someone like Kundera. That is the

plan.

The problem confronting her as she sat alone at the computer

long after dark, the only person left in Barton Hall, unable to leave

her office, unable to face one more night in her apartment without

even a cat for company—the problem was how to include in her

ad, no matter how subtly coded, something that essentially said,

"Whites only need apply." If it were discovered at Athena that it was

she who had specified such an exclusion—no, that would not do

for a person ascending so rapidly through the Athena academic hierarchy.

Yet she had no choice but to ask for a photograph, even

though she knew—knew from trying as hard as she could to think

of everything, to be naive about nothing, on the basis of just her

brief life as a woman on her own to take into account how men

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

could behave—that there was nothing to stop someone sufficiently

sadistic or perverse from sending a photograph designed to mislead

specifically in the matter of race.

No, it was too risky altogether—as well as beneath her dignity—

to place an ad to help her meet a man of the caliber that she'd never

find anywhere among the faculty of as dreadfully provincial a place

as Athena. She could not do it and she should not do it, and yet all

the while she thought of the uncertainties, the outright dangers, of

advertising oneself to strangers as a woman in search of a suitable

mate, all the while she thought of the reasons why it was inadvisable,

as chair of the Department of Languages and Literature, to

risk revealing herself to colleagues as something other than a serious

teacher and scholar—exposing herself as someone with needs

and desires that, though altogether human, could be deliberately

misconstrued so as to trivialize her—she was doing it: fresh from

e-mailing every member of her department her latest thoughts on

the subject of senior theses, trying to compose an ad that adhered

to the banal linguistic formula of the standard New York Review

personal but one that managed as well to present a truthful appraisal

of her caliber. At it now for over an hour and she was still

unable to settle on anything unhumiliating enough to e-mail to the

paper even pseudonymously.

Western Mass. 29 yr. old petite, passionate, Parisian professor,

equally at home teaching Molière as

Brainy, beautiful Berkshire academic, equally at home

cooking médaillons de veau as chairing a humanities dept.,

seeks

Serious SWF scholar seeks

SWF Yale Ph.D. Parisian-born academic. Petite, scholarly,

literature-loving, fashion-conscious brunette seeks

Attractive, serious scholar seeks

SWF Ph.D., French, Mass.-based, seeks

THE HUMAN STAIN

Seeks what? Anything, anything other than these Athena men—

the wisecracking boys, the feminized old ladies, the timorous, tedious

family freaks, the professional dads, all of them so earnest

and so emasculated. She is revolted by the fact that they pride

themselves on doing half the domestic work. Intolerable. "Yes, I

have to go, I have to relieve my wife. I have to do as much diaper

changing as she does, you know." She cringes when they brag about

their helpfulness. Do it, fine, but don't have the vulgarity to mention

it. Why make such a spectacle of yourself as the fifty-fifty husband?

Just do it and shut up about it. In this revulsion she is very

different from her women colleagues who value these men for their

"sensitivity." Is that what overpraising their wives is, "sensitivity"?

"Oh, Sara Lee is such an extraordinary this-and-that. She's already

published four and a half articles ..." Mr. Sensitivity always has to

mention her glory. Mr. Sensitivity can't talk about some great show

at the Metropolitan without having to be sure to preface it, "Sara

Lee says ..." Either they overpraise their wives or they fall dead silent.

The husband falls silent and grows more and more depressed,

and she has never encountered this in any other country. If Sara Lee

is an academic who can't find a job while he, say, is barely holding

on to his job, he would rather lose his job than have her think she is

getting the bad end of the deal. There would even be a certain pride

if the situation were reversed and he was the one who had to stay

home while she didn't. A French woman, even a French feminist,

would find such a man disgusting. The Frenchwoman is intelligent,

she's sexy, she's truly independent, and if he talks more than she

does, so what, where's the issue? What's the fiery contention all

about? Not "Oh, did you notice, she's so dominated by her rude,

power-hungry husband." No, the more of a woman she is, the

more the Frenchwoman wants the man to project his power. Oh,

how she had prayed, on arriving at Athena five years back, that she

might meet some marvelous man who projected his power, and instead

the bulk of younger male faculty are these domestic, emasculated

types, intellectually unstimulating, pedestrian, the overprais-

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

ing husbands of Sara Lee whom she has deliciously categorized for

her correspondents in Paris as "The Diapers."

Then there are "The Hats." The Hats are the "writers in residence,"

America's incredibly pretentious writers in residence. Probably,

at little Athena, she hasn't seen the worst of them, but these

two are bad enough. They show up to teach once a week, and they

are married and they come on to her, and they are impossible.

When can we have lunch, Delphine? Sorry, she thinks, but I am not

impressed. The thing she liked about Kundera at his lectures was

that he was always slightly shadowy, even slightly shabby sometimes,

a great writer malgré lui. At least she perceived it that way

and that's what she liked in him. But she certainly does not like,

cannot stand, the American I-am-the-writer type who, when he

looks at her, she knows is thinking, With your French confidence

and your French fashions and your elitist French education, you are

very French indeed, but you are nonetheless the academic and I am

the writer—we are not equals.

These writers in residence, as far as she can surmise, spend an

enormous amount of time worrying about their headwear. Yes,

both the poet and the prose writer have an extraordinary hat fetish,

and so she categorizes them in her letters as The Hats. One of them

is always dressed as Charles Lindbergh, wearing his antique pilot

gear, and she cannot understand the relationship between pilot

gear and writing, particularly writing in residence. She muses about

this in her humorous correspondence to her Paris friends. The

other is the floppy-hat type, the unassuming type—which is, of

course, so recherché—who spends eight hours at the mirror dressing

carelessly. Vain, unreadable, married by now a hundred and

eighty-six times, and incredibly self-important. It's not so much

hatred she feels for this one as contempt. And yet, deep in the

Berkshires starving for romance, she sometimes feels ambivalent

about The Hats and wonders if she shouldn't take them seriously as

erotic candidates, at least. No, she couldn't, not after what she has

written to Paris. She must resist them if only because they try to

THE HUMAN STAIN

talk to her with her own vocabulary. Because one of them, the

younger, minimally less self-important one, has read Bataille, because

he knows just enough Bataille and has read just enough

Hegel, she's gone out with him a few times, and never has a man so

rapidly de-eroticized himself before her eyes; with every word he

spoke—using, as he did, that language of hers that she herself is

now somewhat uncertain about—he read himself right out of her

life.

Whereas the older types, who are uncool and tweedy, "The Humanists"

. . . Well, obliging as she must be at conferences and in

publications to write and speak as the profession requires, the humanist

is the very part of her own self that she sometimes feels herself

betraying, and so she is attracted to them: because they are

what they are and always have been and because she knows they

think of her as a traitor. Her classes have a following, but they think

of that following contemptuously, as a fashionable phenomenon.

These older men, The Humanists, the old-fashioned traditionalist

humanists who have read everything, the born-again teachers (as

she thinks of them), make her sometimes feel shallow. Her following

they laugh at and her scholarship they despise. At faculty meetings

they're not afraid to say what they say, and you would think

they should be; in class they're not afraid to say what they feel, and,

again, you would think they should be; and, as a result, in front of

them she crumbles. Since she doesn't herself have that much conviction

about all the so-called discourse she picked up in Paris and

New Haven, inwardly she crumbles. Only she needs that language

to succeed. On her own in America, she needs so much to succeed!

And yet everything that it takes to succeed is somehow compromising,

and it makes her feel less and less genuine, and dramatizing her

predicament as a "Faustian bargain" helps only a little.

At moments she even feels herself betraying Milan Kundera, and

so, silently, when she is alone, she will picture him in her mind's eye

and speak to him and ask his forgiveness. Kundera's intention in his

lectures was to free the intelligence from the French sophistication,

to talk about the novel as having something to do with human be-

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

ings and the comédie humaine; his intention was to free his students

from the tempting traps of structuralism and formalism and the

obsession with modernity, to purge them of the French theory that

they had been fed, and listening to him had been an enormous relief,

for despite her publications and a growing scholarly reputation,

it was always difficult for her to deal with literature through

literary theory. There could be such a gigantic gap between what

she liked and what she was supposed to admire—between how she

was supposed to speak about what she was supposed to admire and

how she spoke to herself about the writers she treasured—that her

sense of betraying Kundera, though not the most serious problem

in her life, would become at times like the shame of betraying a

kindly, trusting, absent lover.

The only man she's been out with frequently is, oddly enough,

the most conservative person on campus, a divorced man of sixtyfive,

Arthur Sussman, the Boston University economist who was to

have been secretary of the treasury in the second Ford administration.

He is a bit stout, a bit stiff, always wearing a suit; he hates

affirmative action, he hates Clinton, he comes in from Boston once

a week, is paid a fortune, and is thought to make the place, to put

little Athena on the academic map. The women in particular are

sure she has slept with him, just because he was once powerful.

They see them occasionally having lunch together in the cafeteria.

He comes to the cafeteria and he looks so excruciatingly bored, until

he sees Delphine, and when he asks if he may join her, she says,

"How generous of you to endow us with your presence today," or

something along those lines. He likes that she mocks him, to a

point. Over lunch, they have what Delphine calls "a real conversation."

With a thirty-nine-billion-dollar budget surplus, he tells her,

the government is giving nothing back to the taxpayer. The people

earned it and they should spend it, and they shouldn't have bureaucrats

deciding what to do with their money. Over lunch, he explains

in detail why Social Security should be given over to private investment

analysts. Everybody should invest in their own future, he tells

her. Why should anyone trust the government to provide for peo-

THE HUMAN STAIN

pie's futures when Social Security has been giving you x returns

while anybody who had invested in the stock market over the same

period of time would now have twice as much, if not more? The

backbone of his argument is always personal sovereignty, personal

freedom, and what he never understands, Delphine dares to tell the

treasury-secretary-who-never-was, is that for most people there

isn't enough money to make choices and there isn't enough education

to make educated guesses—there isn't enough mastery of the

market. His model, as she interprets it for him, is based on a notion

of radical personal liberty that, in his thinking, is reduced to a radical

sovereignty in the market. The surplus and Social Security—

those are the two issues that are bugging him, and they talk about

them all the time. He seems to hate Clinton most for proposing the

Democratic version of everything he wanted. "Good thing," he tells

her, "that little squirt Bob Reich is out of there. He'd have Clinton

spending billions of dollars retraining people for jobs they could

never occupy. Good thing he left the cabinet. At least they have Bob

Rubin there, at least they have one sane guy who knows where the

bodies are buried. At least he and Alan kept the interest rates where

they had to be. At least he and Alan kept this recovery going..."

The one thing she likes about him is that, aside from his gruff insider's

take on economic issues, he happens also to know all of

Engels and Marx really well. More impressive, he knows intimately

their The German Ideology, a text she has always found fascinating

and loves. When he takes her out to dinner down in Great Barrington,

things turn both more romantic and more intellectual than

they do at lunch in the cafeteria. Over dinner he likes to speak

French with her. One of his conquests years ago was Parisian, and

he goes on endlessly about this woman. Delphine does not, however,

open her mouth like a fish when he talks about his Parisian affair

or about his manifold sentimental attachments before and after.

About women he brags constantly, in a very suave way that she

doesn't, after a while, find suave at all. She cannot stand the fact that

he thinks she's impressed by all his conquests, but she puts up with

it, only slightly bored, because otherwise she's glad to be having

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

dinner with an intelligent, assertive, well-read man of the world.

When at dinner he takes her hand, she says something to let him

know, however subtly, that if he thinks he is going to sleep with her,

he is crazy. Sometimes in the parking lot, he pulls her to him by

cupping her behind and holding her against him. He says, "I cannot

be with you time after time like this without some passion. I can't

take out a woman as beautiful as you, talk to her and talk to her and

talk to her, and have it end there." "We have a saying in France," she

tells him, "which is ..." "Which is what?" he asks, thinking he may

pick up a new bon mot in the bargain. Smiling, she says, "I don't

know. It'll come to me later," and in this way gently disentangles

herself from his surprisingly strong arms. She is gentle with him

because it works, and she is gentle with him because she knows he

thinks it is a question of age, when in fact it is a question, as she explains

to him driving back in his car, of nothing so banal: it is a

question of "a frame of mind." "It's about who I am," she tells him,

and, if nothing else has done it, that sends him away for two or

three months, until he next turns up in the cafeteria, looking to see

if she is there. Sometimes he telephones her late at night or in the

early hours of the morning. From his Back Bay bed, he wants to talk

with her about sex. She says she prefers to talk about Marx, and it

takes no more, with this conservative economist, to put a stop to

that stuff. And yet the women who don't like her are all sure that

because he's powerful she has slept with him. It is incomprehensible

to them that, bleak and lonely as her life is, she has no interest in

becoming Arthur Sussman's little badge of a mistress. It has also

gotten back to her that one of them has called her "so passe, such

a parody of Simone de Beauvoir." By which she means that it is

her judgment that Beauvoir sold out to Sartre—a very intelligent

woman but in the end his slave. For these women, who observe her

at lunch with Arthur Sussman and get it all wrong, everything is an

issue, everything is an ideological stance, everything is a betrayal—

everything's a selling out. Beauvoir sold out, Delphine sold out, et

cetera, et cetera. Something about Delphine makes them go green

in the face.

THE HUMAN STAIN

Another of her problems. She does not want to alienate these

women. Yet she is no less philosophically isolated from them than

from the men. Though it would not be prudent for her to tell them

so, the women are far more feminist, in the American sense, than

she is. It would not be prudent because they are dismissive enough

and seem always to know where she stands anyway, always suspecting

her motives and aims: she is attractive, young, thin, effortlessly

stylish, she has climbed so high so fast she already has the beginnings

of a reputation beyond the college, and, like her Paris friends,

she doesn't use or need to use all their cliches (the very clichés by

which The Diapers are so eagerly emasculated). Only in the anonymous

note to Coleman Silk did she adopt their rhetoric, and that

was not only accidental, because she was so overwrought, but, in

the end, deliberate, to hide her identity. In truth, she is no less

emancipated than these Athena feminists are and perhaps even

more: she left her own country, daringly left France, she works hard

at her job, she works hard at her publications, and she wants to

make it; on her own as she is, she has to make it. She is utterly alone,

unsupported, homeless, decountried—dépaysée. In a free state but

oftentimes so forlornly dépaysée. Ambitious? She happens to be

more ambitious than all those staunch go-it-alone feminists put together,

but because men are drawn to her, and among them is a

man as eminent as Arthur Sussman, and because, for the fun of it,

she wears a vintage Chanel jacket with tight jeans, or a slip dress in

summer, and because she likes cashmere and leather, the women

are resentful. She makes it a point not to be concerned with their

ghastly clothing, so by what right do they dwell on what they consider

recidivist about hers? She knows everything they say in their

annoyance with her. They say what the men she begrudgingly respects

are saying—that she's a charlatan and illegitimate—and that

makes it hurt more. They say, "She is fooling the students." They

say, "How can the students not see through this woman?" They say,

"Don't they see that she is one of those French male chauvinists in

drag?" They say that she got to be the department chair faute de

mieux. And they make fun of her language. "Well, of course, it's her

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

intertextual charm that's gotten her her following. It's her relationship

to phenomenology. She's such a phenomenologist ha-ha-ha!"

She knows what they are saying to ridicule her, and yet she remembers

being in France and being at Yale and living for this vocabulary;

she believes that to be a good literary critic she has to have

this vocabulary. She needs to know about intertextuality. Does that

mean she's a phony? No! It means that she's unclassifiable. In some

circles that might be thought of as her mystique! But just be the

least bit unclassifiable at a backwoods hellhole like this place, and

that annoys everyone. Her being unclassifiable even annoys Arthur

Sussman. Why the hell won't she at least have phone sex? Be unclassifiable

here, be something they cannot reconcile, and they torment

you for it. That being unclassifiable is a part of her bildungsroman,

that she has always thrived on being unclassifiable, nobody at

Athena understands.

There is a cabal of three women—a philosophy professor, a sociology

professor, and a history professor—who particularly drive

her crazy. Full of animosity toward her simply because she is not

ploddingly plugged in the way they are. Because she has an air of

chic, they feel she hasn't read enough learned journals. Because

their American notions of independence differ from her French

notions of independence, she is dismissed by them as pandering to

powerful males. But what has she ever actually done to arouse their

distrust, except perhaps handle the men on the faculty as well as she

does? Yes, she'd been at dinner in Great Barrington with Arthur

Sussman. Does that mean she didn't consider herself his intellectual

equal? There's no question in her mind that she is his equal.

She isn't flattered to be out with him—she wants to hear what he

has to say about The German Ideology. And hadn't she first tried to

have lunch with the three of them, and could they have been any

more condescending? Of course, they don't bother to read her

scholarship. None of them reads anything she's written. It's all

about perception. All they see is Delphine using what she understands

they sarcastically call "her little French aura" on all the tenured

men. Yet she is strongly tempted to court the cabal, to tell

THE HUMAN STAIN

them in so many words that she doesn't like the French aura—if she

did, she'd be living in France! And she doesn't own the tenured

men—she doesn't own anyone. Why else would she be by herself,

the only person at the desk of a Barton Hall office at ten o'clock at

night? Hardly a week goes by when she doesn't try and fail with the

three who drive her nuts, who baffle her most, but whom she cannot

charm, finesse, or engage in any way. "Les Trois Grâces" she calls

them in her letters to Paris, spelling "grâces" maliciously "grasses"

The Three Greaseballs. At certain parties—parties that Delphine

doesn't really want to be at—Les Trois Grasses are invariably present.

When some big feminist intellectual comes along, Delphine

would at least like to be invited, but she never is. She can go to the

lecture but she's never asked to the dinner. But the infernal trio who

call the shots, they are always there.

In imperfect revolt against her Frenchness (as well as being obsessed

with her Frenchness), lifted voluntarily out of her country (if

not out of herself), so ensnared by the disapproval of Les Trois

Grasses as to be endlessly calculating what response might gain her

their esteem without further obfuscating her sense of herself and

misrepresenting totally the inclinations of the woman she once

naturally was, at times destabilized to the point of shame by the

discrepancy between how she must deal with literature in order

to succeed professionally and why she first came to literature,

Delphine, to her astonishment, is all but isolated in America. Decountried,

isolated, estranged, confused about everything essential

to a life, in a desperate state of bewildered longing and surrounded

on all sides by admonishing forces defining her as the enemy. And

all because she'd gone eagerly in search of an existence of her own.

All because she'd been courageous and refused to take the prescribed

view of herself. She seemed to herself to have subverted

herself in the altogether admirable effort to make herself. There is

something very mean about life that it should have done this to her.

At its heart, very mean and very vengeful, ordering a fate not according

to the laws of logic but to the antagonistic whim of perversity.

Dare to give yourself over to your own vitality, and you might

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

as well be in the hands of a hardened criminal. I will go to America

and be the author of my life, she says; I will construct myself outside

the orthodoxy of my family's given, I will fight against the

given, impassioned subjectivity carried to the limit, individualism

at its best—and she winds up instead in a drama beyond her control.

She winds up as the author of nothing. There is the drive to

master things, and the thing that is mastered is oneself.

Why should it be so impossible just to know what to do?

Delphine would be entirely isolated if not for the department

secretary, Margo Luzzi, a mousy divorcée in her thirties, also lonely,

wonderfully competent, shy as can be, who will do anything for

Delphine and sometimes eats her sandwich in Delphine's office and

who has wound up as the chairperson's only adult woman friend at

Athena. Then there are the writers in residence. They appear to like

in her exactly what the others hate. But she cannot stand them.

How did she get in the middle like this? And how does she get out?

As it does not offer any solace to dramatize her compromises as a

Faustian bargain, so it isn't all that helpful to think of her in-themiddleness,

as she tries to, as a "Kunderian inner exile."

Seeks. All right then, seeks. Do as the students say—Go for it!

Youthful, petite, womanly, attractive, academically successful SWF

French-born scholar, Parisian background, Yale Ph.D., Mass.-

based, seeks ... ? And now just lay it on the line. Do not hide from

the truth of what you are and do not hide from the truth of what

you seek. A stunning, brilliant, hyperorgasmic woman seeks . . .

seeks... seeks specifically and uncompromisingly what?

She wrote now in a rush.

Mature man with backbone. Unattached. Independent. Witty.

Lively. Defiant. Forthright. Well educated. Satirical spirit. Charm.

Knowledge and love of great books. Well spoken and straightspeaking.

Trimly built. Five eight or nine. Mediterranean complexion.

Green eyes preferred. Age unimportant. But must be intellectual.

Graying hair acceptable, even desirable...

And then, and only then, did the mythical man being summoned

THE HUMAN STAIN

forth in all earnestness on the screen condense into a portrait of

someone she already knew. Abruptly she stopped writing. The exercise

had been undertaken only as an experiment, to try loosening

the grip of inhibition just a little before she renewed her effort to

compose an ad not too diluted by circumspection. Nonetheless,

she was astonished by what she'd come up with, by whom she'd

come up with, in her distress wanting nothing more than to delete

those forty-odd useless words as quickly as possible. And

thinking, too, of the many reasons, including her shame, for her to

accept defeat as a blessing and forgo hope of solving her in-themiddleness

by participating in such an impossibly compromising

scheme ... Thinking that if she had stayed in France she wouldn't

need this ad, wouldn't need an ad for anything, least of all to find a

man... Thinking that coming to America was the bravest thing she

had ever done, but that how brave she couldn't have known at the

time. She just did it as the next step of her ambition, and not a

crude ambition either, a dignified ambition, the ambition to be independent,

but now she's left with the consequences. Ambition.

Adventure. Glamour. The glamour of going to America. The superiority.

The superiority of leaving. Left for the pleasure of one day

coming home, having done it, of returning home triumphant. Left

because I wanted to come home one day and have them say—what

is it that I wanted them to say? "She did it. She did that. And if she

did that, she can do anything. A girl who weighs a hundred and

four pounds, barely five foot two, twenty years old, on her own,

went there on her own with a name that didn't mean anything to

anybody, and she did it. Self-made. Nobody knew her. Made herself."

And who was it that I wanted to have said it? And if they had,

what difference would it make? "Our daughter in America ..." I

wanted them to say, to have to say, "She made it on her own in

America." Because I could not make a French success, a real success,

not with my mother and her shadow over everything—the shadow

of her accomplishments but, even worse, of her family, the shadow

of the Walincourts, named for the place given to them in the thirteenth

century by the king Saint Louis and conforming still to

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

the family ideals as they were set in the thirteenth century. How

Delphine hated all those families, the pure and ancient aristocracy

of the provinces, all of them thinking the same, looking the same,

sharing the same stifling values and the same stifling religious obedience.

However much ambition they have, however much they

push their children, they bring their children up to the same litany

of charity, selflessness, discipline, faith, and respect—respect not

for the individual (down with the individual!) but for the traditions

of the family. Superior to intelligence, to creativity, to a deep development

of oneself apart from them, superior to everything, were

the traditions of the stupid Walincourts! It was Delphine's mother

who embodied those values, who imposed them on the household,

who would have enchained her only daughter to those values from

birth to the grave had her daughter been without the strength,

from adolescence on, to run from her as far as she could. The

Walincourt children of Delphine's generation either fell into absolute

conformity or rebelled so gruesomely they were incomprehensible,

and Delphine's success was to have done neither. From a

background few ever even begin to recover from, Delphine had

managed a unique escape. By coming to America, to Yale, to

Athena, she had, in fact, surpassed her mother, who couldn't herself

have dreamed of leaving France—without Delphine's father

and his money, Catherine de Walincourt could hardly dream, at

twenty-two, of leaving Picardy for Paris. Because if she left Picardy

and the fortress of her family, who would she be? What would her

name mean? I left because I wanted to have an accomplishment

that nobody could mistake, that had nothing to do with them, that

was my own ... Thinking that the reason she can't get an American

man isn't that she can't get an American man, it's that she can't understand

these men and that she will never understand these men,

and the reason she can't understand these men is because she is not

fluent. With all her pride in her fluency, with all her fluency, she is

not fluent! I think I understand them, and I do understand; what I

don't understand isn't what they say, it's everything they don't say,

everything they're not saying. Here she operates at fifty percent of

THE HUMAN STAIN

her intelligence, and in Paris she understood every nuance. What's

the point of being smart here when, because I am not from here, I

am de facto dumb ... Thinking that the only English she really understands

—no, the only American she understands—is academic

American, which is hardly American, which is why she can't make

it in, will never make it in, which is why there'll never be a man,

why this will never be her home, why her intuitions are wrong and

always will be, why the cozy intellectual life she had in Paris as a

student will never be hers again, why for the rest of her life she is

going to understand eleven percent of this country and zero percent

of these men ... Thinking that all her intellectual advantages

have been muted by her being dépaysée . . . Thinking that she has

lost her peripheral vision, that she sees things that are in front of

her but nothing out of the corner of her eye, that what she has here

is not the vision of a woman of her intelligence but a flat, a totally

frontal vision, the vision of an immigrant or a displaced person, a

misplaced person ... Thinking, Why did I leave? Because of my

mother's shadow? This is why I gave up everything that was mine,

everything that was familiar, everything that had made me a subtle

being and not this mess of uncertainty that I've become. Everything

that I loved I gave up. People do that when their countries are impossible

to live in because the fascists have taken charge but not because

of their mother's shadow . . . Thinking, Why did I leave, what

have I done, this is impossible. My friends, our talk, my city, the

men, all the intelligent men. Confident men I could converse with.

Mature men who could understand. Stable, passionate, masculine

men. Strong, unintimidated men. Men legitimately and unambiguously

men .. . Thinking, Why didn't somebody stop me, why didn't

somebody say something to me? Away from home for less than ten

years and it feels like two lifetimes already .. . Thinking that she's

Catherine de Walincourt Roux's little daughter still, that she has

not changed that by one iota. . . Thinking that being French in

Athena may have made her exotic to the natives, but it hasn't made

her anything more extraordinary to her mother and it never will...

Thinking, yes, that's why she left, to elude her mother's fixed-

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

forever overshadowing shadow, and that's what blocks her return,

and now she's exactly nowhere, in the middle, neither there nor

here ... Thinking that under her exotic Frenchness she is to herself

who she always was, that all the exotic Frenchness has achieved in

America is to make of her the consummate miserable misunderstood

foreigner... Thinking that she's worse even than in the

middle—that she's in exile, in, of all things, a stupid-making, selfimposed

anguishing exile from her mother—Delphine neglects to

observe that earlier, at the outset, instead of addressing the ad to the

New York Review of Books, she had automatically addressed it to the

recipients of her previous communication, the recipients of most

of her communications—to the ten staff members of the Athena

Department of Languages and Literature. She neglects first to observe

that mistake and then, in her distracted, turbulent, emotionally

taxing state, neglects also to observe that instead of hitting the

delete button, she is adding one common-enough tiny error to

another common-enough tiny error by hitting the send button instead.

And so off, irretrievably off goes the ad in quest of a Coleman

Silk duplicate or facsimile, and not to the classified section

of the New York Review of Books but to every member of her department.

It was past 1 A.M. when the phone rang. She had long ago fled her

office—run from her office thinking only to get. her passport and

flee the country—and it was already several hours after her regular

bedtime, when the phone rang with the news. So anguished was she

by the ad's inadvertently going out as e-mail that she was still awake

and roaming her apartment, tearing at her hair, sneering in the

mirror at her' face, bending her head to the kitchen table to weep

into her hands, and, as though startled out of sleep—the sleep of a

heretofore meticulously defended adult life—jumping up to cry

aloud, "It did not happen! I did not do it!" But who had ? In

the past there seemed always to be people trying their best to trample

her down, to dispose somehow of the nuisance she was to them,

callous people against whom she had learned the hard way to pro-

THE HUMAN STAIN

tect herself. But tonight there was no one to reproach: her own

hand had delivered the ruinous blow.

Frantic, in a frenzy, she tried to figure out some way, any way, to

prevent the worst from happening, but in her state of incredulous

despair she could envision the inevitability of only the most cataclysmic

trajectory: the hours passing, the dawn breaking, the doors

to Barton Hall opening, her departmental colleagues each entering

his or her office, booting up the computer, and finding there, to savor

with their morning coffee, the e-mail ad for a Coleman Silk duplicate

that she'd had no intention of ever sending. To be read once,

twice, three times over by all the members of her department and

then to be e-mailed down the line to every last instructor, professor,

administrator, office clerk, and student.

Everyone in her classes will read it. Her secretary will read it. Before

the day is out, the president of the college will have read it, and

the college trustees. And even if she were to claim that the ad had

been meant as a joke, nothing more than an insider's joke, why

would the trustees allow the joke's perpetrator to remain at Athena?

Especially after her joke is written up in the student paper, as it

will be. And in the local paper. After it is picked up by the French

papers.

Her mother! The humiliation for her mother! And her father!

The disappointment to him! All the conformist Walincourt cousins

—the pleasure they will take in her defeat! All the ridiculously

conservative uncles and the ridiculously pious aunts, together

keeping intact the narrowness of the past—how this will please

them as they sit snobbishly side by side in church! But suppose

she explained that she had merely been experimenting with the ad

as a literary form, alone at the office disinterestedly toying with

the personal ad as . . . as utilitarian haiku. Won't help. Too ridiculous.

Nothing will help. Her mother, her father, her brothers,

her friends, her teachers. Yale. Yale! News of the scandal will reach

everyone she's ever known, and the shame will follow her unflaggingly

forever. Where can she even run with her passport? Montreal?

Martinique? And earn her living how? No, not in the farthest

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

Francophone outpost will she be allowed to teach once they learn

of her ad. The pure, prestigious professional life for which she had

done all this planning, all this grueling work, the untainted, irreproachable

life of the mind . . . She thought to phone Arthur

Sussman. Arthur will figure a way out for her. He can pick up the

phone and talk to anyone. He's tough, he's shrewd, in the ways of

the world the smartest, most influential American she knows. Powerful

people like Arthur, however upright, are not boxed in by the

need to always be telling the truth. He'll come up with what it takes

to explain everything. He'll figure out just what to do. But when she

tells him what has happened, why will he think to help her? All he'll

think is that she liked Coleman Silk more than she liked him. His

vanity will do his thinking for him and lead him to the stupidest

conclusion. He'll think what everyone will think: that she is pining

for Coleman Silk, that she is dreaming not of Arthur Sussman, let

alone of The Diapers or The Hats, but of Coleman Silk. Imagining

her in love with Coleman Silk, he'll slam down the phone and never

speak to her again.

To recapitulate. To go over what's happened. To try to gain sufficient

perspective to do the rational thing. She didn't want to send

it. She wrote it, yes, but she was embarrassed to send it and didn't

want to send it and she didn't send it—yet it went. The same with

the anonymous letter—she didn't want to send it, carried it to New

York with no intention of ever sending it, and it went. But what's

gone off this time is much, much worse. This time she's so desperate

that by twenty after one in the morning the rational thing is to

telephone Arthur Sussman regardless of what he thinks. Arthur has

to help her. He has to tell her what she can do to undo what she's

done. And then, at exactly twenty past one, the phone she holds in

her hand to dial Arthur Sussman suddenly begins to ring. Arthur

calling her!

But it is her secretary. "He's dead," Margo says, crying so hard

that Delphine can't be quite sure what she's hearing. "Margo—are

you all right?" "He's dead!" "Who is?" "I just heard. Delphine. It's

terrible. I'm calling you, I have to, I have to call you. I have to tell

THE HUMAN STAIN

you something terrible. Oh, Delphine, it's late, I know it's late—"

"No! Not Arthur!" Delphine cries. "Dean Silk!" Margo says. "Is

dead?" "A terrible crash. It's too horrible." "What crash? Margo,

what has happened? Where? Speak slowly. Start again. What are

you telling me?" "In the river. With a woman. In his car. A crash."

Margo is by now unable to be at all coherent, while Delphine is so

stunned that, later, she does not remember putting down the receiver

or rushing in tears to her bed or lying there howling his

name.

She put down the receiver, and then she spent the worst hours of

her life.

Because of the ad they'll think she liked him? They'll think she

loved him because of the ad? But what would they think if they saw

her now, carrying on like the widow herself? She cannot close her

eyes, because when she does she sees his eyes, those green staring

eyes of his, exploding. She sees the car plunge off the road, and his

head is shooting forward, and in the instant of the crash, his eyes

explode. "No! No!" But when she opens her eyes to stop seeing his

eyes, all she sees is what she's done and the mockery that will ensue.

She sees her disgrace with her eyes open and his disintegration with

her eyes shut, and throughout the night the pendulum of suffering

swings her from one to the other.

She wakes up in the same state of upheaval she was in when she

went to sleep. She can't remember why she is shaking. She thinks

she is shaking from a nightmare. The nightmare of his eyes exploding.

But no, it happened, he's dead. And the ad—it happened. Everything

has happened, and nothing's to be done. I wanted them to

say . . . and now they'll say, "Our daughter in America? We don't

talk about her. She no longer exists for us." When she tries to compose

herself and settle on a plan of action, no thinking is possible:

only the derangement is possible, the spiraling obtuseness that is

terror. It is just after 5 A.M. She closes her eyes to try to sleep and

make it all go away, but the instant her eyes are shut, there are his

eyes. They are staring at her and then they explode.

She is dressing. She is screaming. She is walking out her door and

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

it's barely dawn. No makeup. No jewelry. Just her horrified face.

Coleman Silk is dead.

When she reaches the campus there's no one there. Only crows.

It's so early the flag hasn't yet been raised. Every morning she looks

for it atop North Hall, and every morning, upon seeing it, there is

the moment of satisfaction. She left home, she dared to do it—she

is in America! There is the contentment with her own courage and

the knowledge that it hasn't been easy. But the American flag's not

there, and she doesn't see that it's not. She sees nothing but what

she must do.

She has a key to Barton Hall and she goes in. She gets to her

office. She's done that much. She's hanging on. She's thinking now.

Okay. But how does she get into their offices to get at their computers?

It's what she should have done last night instead of running

away in a panic. To regain her self-possession, to rescue her name,

to forestall the disaster of ruining her career, she must continue to

think. Thinking has been her whole life. What else has she been

trained to do from the time she started school? She leaves her office

and walks down the corridor. Her aim is clear now, her thinking decisive.

She will just go in and delete it. It is her right to delete it—

she sent it. And she did not even do that. It was not intentional.

She's not responsible. It just went. But when she tries the handle of

each of the doors, they are locked. Next she tries working her keys

into the locks, first her key to the building, then the key to her

office, but neither works. Of course they don't work. They wouldn't

have worked last night and they don't work now. As for thinking,

were she able to think like Einstein, thinking will not open these

doors.

Back in her own office, she unlocks her files. Looking for what?

Her c.v. Why look for her c.v.? It is the end of her c.v. It is the end of

our daughter in America. And because it is the end, she pulls all

the hanging files out of the drawer and hurls them on the floor.

Empties the entire drawer. "We have no daughter in America. We

have no daughter. We have only sons." Now she does not try to

think that she should think. Instead, she begins throwing things.

THE HUMAN STAIN

Whatever is piled on her desk, whatever is decorating her walls—

what difference does it make what breaks? She tried and she failed.

It is the end of the impeccable resume and of the veneration of the

résumé. "Our daughter in America failed."

She is sobbing when she picks up the phone to call Arthur. He

will jump out of bed and drive straight from Boston. In less than

three hours he'll be in Athena. By nine o'clock Arthur will be here!

But the number she dials is the emergency number on the decal

pasted to the phone. And she had no more intention of dialing that

number than of sending the two letters. All she had was the very

human wish to be saved.

She cannot speak.

"Hello?" says the man at the other end. "Hello? Who is this?"

She barely gets it out. The most irreducible two words in any language.

One's name. Irreducible and irreplaceable. All that is her.

Was her. And now the two most ridiculous words in the world.

"Who? Professor who? I can't understand you, Professor."

"Security?"

"Speak louder, Professor. Yes, yes, this is Campus Security."

"Come here," she says pleadingly, and once again she is in tears.

"Right away. Something terrible has happened."

"Professor? Where are you? Professor, what's happened?"

"Barton." She says it again so he can understand. "Barton 121,"

she tells him. "Professor Roux."

"What is it, Professor?

"Something terrible."

"Are you all right? What's wrong? What is it? Is somebody there?"

"I'm here."

"Is everything all right?"

"Someone broke in."

"Broke in where?"

"My office."

"When? Professor, when?"

"I don't know. In the night. I don't know."

WHAT MANIAC CONCEIVED IT?

"You okay? Professor? Professor Roux? Are you there? Barton

Hall? You sure?"

The hesitation. Trying to think. Am I sure? Am I? "Absolutely,"

she says, sobbing uncontrollably now. "Hurry, please! Get here immediately,

please! Someone broke into my office! It's a shambles! It's

awful! It's horrible! My things! Someone broke into my computer!

Hurry!"

"A break-in? Do you know who it was? Do you know who broke

in? Was it a student?"

"Dean Silk broke in," she said. "Hurry!"

"Professor—Professor, are you there? Professor Roux, Dean Silk

is dead."

"I've heard," she said, "I know, it's awful," and then she screamed,

screamed at the horror of all that had happened, screamed at the

thought of the very last thing he had ever done, and to her, to her—

and after that, Delphine's day was a circus.

The astonishing news of Dean Silk's death in a car crash with an

Athena college janitor had barely reached the last of the college's

classrooms when word began to spread of the pillaging of Delphine

Roux's office and the e-mail hoax Dean Silk had attempted to perpetrate

only hours before the fatal crash. People were having trouble

enough believing all of this, when another story, one about the

circumstances of the crash, spread from town up to the college, further

confounding just about everybody. For all its atrocious details,

the story was said to have originated with a reliable source: the

brother of the state trooper who had found the bodies. According

to his story, the reason the dean lost control of his car was because,

from the passenger seat beside him, the Athena woman janitor was

satisfying him while he drove. This the police were able to infer

from the disposition of his clothing and the position of her body

and its location in the vehicle when the wreckage was discovered

and pulled from the river.

Most of the faculty, particularly older professors who had known

THE HUMAN STAIN

Coleman Silk personally for many years, refused at first to believe

this story, and were outraged by the gullibility with which it was

being embraced as incontrovertible truth—the cruelty of the insult

appalled them. Yet as the day progressed and additional facts

emerged about the break-in, and still more came out about Silk's

affair with the janitor—reports from numerous people who had

seen them sneaking around together—it became increasingly difficult

for the elders of the faculty "to remain"—as the local paper

noted the next day in its human interest feature—"heartbreakingly

in denial."

And when people began to remember how, a couple of years earlier,

no one had wanted to believe that he had called two of his

black students spooks; when they remembered how after resigning

in disgrace he had isolated himself from his former colleagues, how

on the rare occasions when he was seen in town he was abrupt to

the point of rudeness with whoever happened to run into him;

when they remembered that in his vociferous loathing of everything

and everyone having to do with Athena he was said to have

managed to estrange himself from his own children ... well, even

those who had begun the day dismissing any suggestion that Coleman

Silk's life could have come to so hideous a conclusion, the oldtimers

who found it unendurable to think of a man of his intellectual

stature, a charismatic teacher, a dynamic and influential dean,

a charming, vigorous man still hale and hearty in his seventies and

the father of four grown, wonderful kids, as forsaking everything

he'd once valued and sliding so precipitously into the scandalous

death of an alienated, bizarre outsider—even those people had to

face up to the thoroughgoing transformation that had followed

upon the spooks incident and that had not only brought Coleman

Silk to his mortifying end but led as well—led inexcusably—to the

gruesome death of Faunia Farley, the hapless thirty-four-year-old

illiterate whom, as everyone now knew, he had taken in old age as

his mistress.

5

The Purifying Ritual

TWO FUNERALS.

Faunia's first, up at the cemetery on Battle Mountain, always for

me an unnerving place to drive by, creepy even in daylight, with its

mysteries of ancient gravestone stillness and motionless time, and

rendered all the more ominous by the state forest preserve that

abuts what was originally an Indian burial ground—a vast, densely

wooded, boulder-strewn wilderness veined with streams glassily

cascading from ledge to ledge and inhabited by coyote, bobcat, even

black bear, and by foraging deer herds said to abound in huge,

precolonial numbers. The women from the dairy farm had purchased

Faunia's plot at the very edge of the dark woods and organized

the innocent, empty graveside ceremony. The more outgoing

of the two, the one who identified herself as Sally, delivered the first

of the eulogies, introducing her farming partner and their children,

then saying, "We all lived with Faunia up at the farm, and why we're

here this morning is why you're here: to celebrate a life."

She spoke in a bright, ringing voice, a smallish, hearty, roundfaced

woman in a long sack dress, buoyantly determined to keep to

a perspective that would cause the least chagrin among the six

farm-reared children, each neatly dressed in his or her best clothes,

each holding a fistful of flowers to be strewn on the coffin before it

was lowered into the ground.

THE HUMAN STAIN

"Which of us," Sally asked, "will ever forget that big, warm laugh

of hers? Faunia could have us in stitches as much from the infectiousness

of her laugh as from some of the things she could come

out with. And she was also, as you know, a deeply spiritual person.

A spiritual person," she repeated, "a spiritual seeker—the word to

best describe her beliefs is pantheism. Her God was nature, and her

worship of nature extended to her love for our little herd of cows,

for all cows, really, for that most benevolent of creatures who is the

foster mother of the human race. Faunia had an enormous respect

for the institution of the family dairy farm. Along with Peg and me

and the children, she helped to try to keep the family dairy farm

alive in New England as a viable part of our cultural heritage. Her

God was everything you see around you at our farm and everything

you see around you on Battle Mountain. We chose this resting place

for Faunia because it has been sacred ever since the aboriginal peoples

bid farewell to their loved ones here. The wonderful stories that

Faunia told our kids—about the swallows in the barn and the

crows in the fields, about the red-tailed hawks that glide in the sky

high above our fields—they were the same kind of stories you

might have heard on this very mountaintop before the ecological

balance of the Berkshires was first disturbed by the coming of..."

The coming of you-know-who. The environmentalist Rousseauism

of the rest of the eulogy made it just about impossible for me to

stay focused.

The second eulogist was Smoky Hollenbeck, the former Athena

athletic star who was supervisor of the physical plant, Faunia's boss,

and—as I knew from Coleman, who'd hired him—was for a time a

bit more. It was into Smoky's Athena harem that Faunia had been

conscripted practically from her first day on his custodial staff, and

it was from his harem that she had been abruptly dismissed once

Les Farley had somehow ferreted out what Smoky was up to with

her.

Smoky didn't speak, like Sally, of Faunia's pantheistic purity as

a natural being; in his capacity as representative of the college,

he concentrated on her competence as a housekeeper, beginning

THE PURIFYING RITUAL

with her influence on the undergraduates whose dormitories she

cleaned.

"What changed about the students with Faunia being there,"

Smoky said, "was that they had a person who, whenever they saw

her, greeted them with a smile and a hello and a How are you, and

Did you get over your cold, and How are classes going. She would

always spend a moment talking and becoming familiar with the

students before she began her work. Over time, she was no longer

invisible to the student, no longer just a housekeeper, but another

person whom they'd developed respect for. They were always more

cognizant, as a result of knowing Faunia, of not leaving a mess behind

for her to have to pick up. In contrast to that, you may have

another housekeeper who never makes eye contact, really keeps a

distance from the students, really doesn't care about what the students

are doing or want to know what they're doing. Well, that was

not Faunia—never. The condition of the student dormitories, I

find, is directly related to the relationship of the students and their

housekeeper. The number of broken windows that we have to fix,

the number of holes in the walls that we have to repair, that are

made when students kick 'em, punch 'em, take their frustration

out on them . . . whatever the case may be. Graffiti on walls. The

full gamut. Well, if it was Faunia's building, you had none of this.

You had instead a building that was conducive to good productivity,

to learning and living and to feeling a part of the Athena community

..."

Extremely brilliant performance by this tall, curly-haired, handsome

young family man who had been Coleman's predecessor as

Faunia's lover. Sensual contact with Smoky's perfect custodial

worker was no more imaginable, from what he was telling us, than

with Sally's storytelling pantheist. "In the mornings," Smoky said,

"she took care of North Hall and the administrative offices there.

Though her routine changed slightly from day to day, there were

some basic things to be done every single morning, and she did

them excellently. Wastepaper baskets were emptied, the rest rooms,

of which there are three in that building, were tidied up and

THE HUMAN STAIN

cleaned. Damp mopping occurred wherever it was necessary. Vacuuming

in high-traffic areas every day, in not-so-high-traffic areas

once a week. Dusting usually on a weekly basis. The windows in the

front and back door sash were cleaned by Faunia almost on a daily

basis, depending on the traffic. Faunia was always very proficient,

and she paid a lot of attention to details. There are certain times

you can run a vacuum cleaner and there's other times you can't—

and there was never once, not once, a complaint on that score

about Faunia Farley. Very quickly she figured out the best time for

each task to be done with the minimum inconvenience to the work

force."

Of the fourteen people, aside from the children, that I counted

around the grave, the college contingent appeared to consist only of

Smoky and a cluster of Faunia's coworkers, four men from maintenance

who were dressed in coats and ties and who stood silently listening

to the praise for her work. From what I could make out, the

remaining mourners were either friends of Peg and Sally or local

people who bought their milk up at the farm and who'd come to

know Faunia through visiting there. Cyril Foster, our postmaster

and chief of the volunteer fire department, was the only local person

I recognized. Cyril knew Faunia from the little village post

office where she came twice a week to clean up and where Coleman

first saw her.

And there was Faunia's father, a large, elderly man whose presence

had been acknowledged by Sally in her eulogy. He was seated

in a wheelchair only feet from the coffin, attended by a youngish

woman, a Filipino nurse or companion, who stood directly behind

him and whose face remained expressionless throughout the service,

though he could be seen lowering his forehead into his hands

and intermittently succumbing to tears.

There was no one there whom I could identify as the person responsible

for the on-line eulogy for Faunia that I'd found the evening

before, posted on the Athena fac.discuss news group. The

posting was headed:

THE PURIFYING RITUAL

From: clytemnestra@houseofatreus.com

To: fac.discuss

Subject: death of a faunia

Date: Thur 12 Nov 1998

I'd come upon it accidentally when, out of curiosity, I was checking

the fac.discuss calendar to see if Dean Silk's funeral might show

up under coming events. Why this scurrilous posting? Intended as

a gag, as a lark? Did it signify no more (or less) than the perverse indulgence

of a sadistic whim, or was it a calculated act of treachery?

Could it have been posted by Delphine Roux? Another of her unascribable

indictments? I didn't think so. There was nothing to be

gained by her going any further with her ingenuity than the breakin

story, and much to be lost if "clytemnestra@houseofatreus.com"

were somehow discovered to be her brainchild. Besides, from the

evidence at hand, there was nothing so crafty or contrived about a

typical Delphinian intrigue—hers smacked of hasty improvisation,

of hysterical pettiness, of the overexcited unthinking of the amateur

that produces the kind of wacky act that seems improbable afterward

even to its perpetrator: the counterattack that lacks both

provocation and the refined calculation of the acidic master, however

nasty its consequences may be.

No, this was mischief, more than likely, prompted by Delphine's

mischief, but more artful, more confident, more professionally demonic

by far—a major upgrade of the venom. And what would it

now inspire? Where would this public stoning stop? Where would

the gullibility stop? How can these people be repeating to one another

this story told to Security by Delphine Roux—so transparently

phony, so obviously a lie, how can any of them believe this

thing? And how can any connection to Coleman be proved? It can't

be. But they believe it anyway. Screwy as it is—that he broke in

there, that he broke open the files, that he broke into her computer,

e-mailed her colleagues—they believe it, they want to believe it,

they can't wait to repeat it. A story that makes no sense, that is im-

THE HUMAN STAIN

plausible, and yet nobody—certainly not publicly—raises the simplest

questions. Why would the man tear apart her office and call

attention to the fact that he'd broken in if he wanted to perpetrate a

hoax? Why would he compose that particular ad when ninety percent

of the people who saw it couldn't possibly think of it as having

anything to do with him? Who, other than Delphine Roux,

would read that ad and think of him? To do what she claimed

he'd done, he would have had to be crazy. But where is the evidence

that he was crazy? Where is the history of crazy behavior? Coleman

Silk, who single-handedly turned this college around—that

man is crazy? Embittered, angry, isolated, yes—but crazy? People in

Athena know perfectly well that this is not the case and yet, as in the

spooks incident, they willingly act as if they don't. Simply to make

the accusation is to prove it. To hear the allegation is to believe it.

No motive for the perpetrator is necessary, no logic or rationale is

required. Only a label is required. The label is the motive. The label

is the evidence. The label is the logic. Why did Coleman Silk do

this? Because he is an x, because he is a y, because he is both. First a

racist and now a misogynist. It is too late in the century to call him

a Communist, though that is the way it used to be done. A misogynistic

act committed by a man who already proved himself capable

of a vicious racist comment at the expense of a vulnerable

student. That explains everything. That and the craziness.

The Devil of the Little Place—the gossip, the jealousy, the acrimony,

the boredom, the lies. No, the provincial poisons do not

help. People are bored here, they are envious, their life is as it is and

as it will be, and so, without seriously questioning the story, they repeat

it—on the phone, in the street, in the cafeteria, in the classroom.

They repeat it at home to their husbands and wives. It isn't

just that because of the accident there isn't time to prove it's a ridiculous

lie—if it weren't for the accident, she wouldn't have been able

to tell the lie in the first place. But his death is her good fortune. His

death is her salvation. Death intervenes to simplify everything. Every

doubt, every misgiving, every uncertainty is swept aside by the

greatest belittler of them all, which is death.

THE PURIFYING RITUAL

Walking alone to my car after Faunia's funeral, I still had no way

of knowing who at the college might have had the turn of mind to

conjure up the clytemnestra posting—the most diabolical of art

forms, the on-line art form, because of its anonymity—nor could I

have any idea of what somebody, anybody, might next come up

with to disseminate anonymously. All I knew for sure was that the

germs of malice were unleashed, and where Coleman's conduct was

concerned, there was no absurdity out of which someone wasn't

going to try to make indignant sense. An epidemic had broken out

in Athena—that's how my thinking went in the immediate aftermath

of his death—and what was to contain the epidemic's spreading?

It was there. The pathogens were out there. In the ether. In the

universal hard drive, everlasting and undeletable, the sign of the viciousness

of the human creature.

Everybody was writing Spooks now—everybody, as yet, except

me.

I am going to ask you to think [the fac.discuss posting

began] about things that are not pleasant to think about.

Not just about the violent death of an innocent woman

of thirty-four, which is awful enough, but of the circumstances

particular to the horror and of the man who, almost

artistically, contrived those circumstances to complete

his cycle of revenge against Athena College and his

former colleagues.

Some of you may know that in the hours before Coleman

Silk staged this murder-suicide—for that is what this

man enacted on the highway by driving off the road and

through the guardrail and into the river that night—he had

forcefully broken into a faculty office in Barton Hall, ransacked

the papers, and sent out as e-mail a communication

written purportedly by a faculty member and designed to

jeopardize her position. The harm he did to her and to the

college was negligible. But informing that childishly spiteful

act of burglary and forgery was the same resolve, the

same animus, which later in the evening—having been

THE HUMAN STAIN

monstrously intensified—inspired him simultaneously to

kill himself while murdering in cold blood a college custodial

worker whom he had cynically enticed, some months

earlier, to service him sexually.

Imagine, if you will, the plight of this woman, a runaway

at the age of fourteen, whose education had ended

in the second year of high school and who, for the rest

of her brief life, was functionally illiterate. Imagine her

contending with the wiles of a retired university professor

who, in his sixteen years as the most autocratic of faculty

deans, wielded more power at Athena than the president

of the college. What chance did she have to resist his

superior force? And having yielded to him, having found

herself enslaved by a perverse manly strength far exceeding

her own, what chance could she possibly have had to

fathom the vengeful purposes for which her hard-worked

body was to be utilized by him, first in life and then in

death?

Of all the ruthless men by whom she was successively

tyrannized, of all the violent, reckless, ruthless, insatiable

men who had tormented, battered, and broken her, there

was none whose purpose could have been so twisted by the

enmity of the unforgiving as the man who had a score to

settle with Athena College and so took one of the college's

own upon whom to wreak his vengeance, and in the most

palpable manner he could devise. On her flesh. On her

limbs. On her genitals. On her womb. The violating abortion

into which she was forced by him earlier this year—

and which precipitated her attempt at suicide—is only one

of who knows how many assaults perpetrated upon the

ravaged terrain of her physical being. We know by now of

the awful tableau at the murder scene, of the pornographic

posture in which he had arranged for Faunia to meet her

death, the better to register, in a single, indelible image,

her bondage, her subservience (by extension, the bondage

and subservience of the college community) to his enraged

THE PURIFYING RITUAL

contempt. We know—we are beginning to know, as the

horrifying facts trickle out from the police investigation—

that not all the bruise marks on Faunia's mangled body resulted

from damage inflicted in the fatal accident, cataclysmic

as that was. There were patches of discoloration discovered

by the coroner on her buttocks and thighs that had

nothing to do with the impact of the crash, contusions that

had been administered, some time before the accident, by

very different means: either by a blunt instrument or a human

fist.

Why? A word so small, and yet large enough to drive

us insane. But then a mind as pathologically sinister as

Faunia's murderer's is not easy to probe. At the root of

the cravings that drove this man, there is an impenetrable

darkness that those who are not violent by nature or vengeful

by design—those who have made their peace with the

restraints imposed by civilization on what is raw and untrammeled

in us all—can never know. The heart of human

darkness is inexplicable. But that their car accident was no

accident, that I do know, as sure as I know that I am united

in grief with all who mourn the death of Athena's Faunia

Farley, whose oppression began in the earliest days of her

innocence and lasted to the instant of her death. That accident

was no accident: it was what Coleman Silk yearned to

do with all his might. Why? This "why" I can answer and I

will answer. So as to annihilate not only the two of them,

but, with them, all trace of his history as her ultimate tormentor.

It was to prevent Faunia from exposing him for

what he was that Coleman Silk took her with him to the

bottom of the river.

One is left to imagine just how heinous were the crimes

that he was determined to hide.

The next day Coleman was buried beside his wife in the orderly

garden of a cemetery across from the level green sea of the college

THE HUMAN STAIN

athletic fields, at the foot of the oak grove behind North Hall and its

landmark hexagonal clock tower. I couldn't sleep the night before,

and when I got up that morning, I was still so agitated over how the

accident and its meaning was being systematically distorted and

broadcast to the world that I was unable to sit quietly long enough

even to drink my coffee. How can one possibly roll back all these

lies? Even if you demonstrate something's a lie, in a place like

Athena, once it's out there, it stays. Instead of pacing restlessly

around the house until it was time to head for the cemetery, I

dressed in a tie and jacket and went down to Town Street to hang

around there—down to where I could nurse the illusion that there

was something to be done with my disgust.

And with my shock. I was not prepared to think of him as dead,

let alone to see him buried. Everything else aside, the death in a

freak accident of a strong, healthy man already into his seventies

had its own awful poignancy—there would at least have been a

higher degree of rationality had he been carried off by a heart attack

or cancer or a stroke. What's more, I was convinced by then—I

was convinced as soon as I heard the news—that it was impossible

for the accident to have occurred without the presence somewhere

nearby of Les Farley and his pickup truck. Of course nothing that

befalls anyone is ever too senseless to have happened, and yet with

Les Farley in the picture, with Farley as primary cause, wasn't there

more than just the wisp of an explanation for the violent extinction,

in a single convenient catastrophe, of Farley's despised ex-wife

and the enraging lover whom Farley had obsessively staked out?

To me, reaching this conclusion didn't seem at all motivated by a

disinclination to accept the inexplicable for what it is—though it

seemed precisely that to the state police the morning after Coleman's

funeral, when I went to talk to the two officers who'd been

first at the scene of the accident and who'd found the bodies. Their

examination of the crash vehicle revealed nothing that could corroborate

in any way the scenario I was imagining. The information

I gave them—about Farley's stalking of Faunia, about his spying on

Coleman, about the near-violent confrontation, just beyond the

THE PURIFYING RITUAL

kitchen door, when Farley came roaring at the two of them out of

the dark—was all patiently taken down, as were my name, address,

and telephone number. I was then thanked for my cooperation,

assured that everything would be held in strictest confidence, and

told that if it seemed warranted they would be back in touch

with me.

They never were.

On the way out, I turned and said, "Can I ask one question? Can

I ask about the disposition of the bodies in the car?"

"What do you want to know, sir?" said Officer Balich, the senior

of the two young men, a poker-faced, quietly officious fellow whose

Croatian family, I remembered, used to own the Madamaska Inn.

"What exactly did you find when you found them? Their placement.

Their posture. The rumor in Athena—"

"No, sir," Balich said, shaking his head, "that was not the case.

None of that's true, sir."

"You know what I'm referring to?"

"I do, sir. This was clearly a case of speeding. You can't take that

curve at that speed. Jeff Gordon couldn't have taken that curve at

that speed. For an old guy with a couple glasses of wine playing

tricks on his brain to drive round that bend like a hot-rodder—"

"I don't think Coleman Silk ever in his life drove like a hotrodder,

Officer."

"Well...," Balich said, and put his hands up in the air, the palms

to me, suggesting that, with all due respect, neither he nor I could

possibly know that. "It was the professor who was behind the

wheel, sir."

The moment had arrived when I was expected by Officer Balich

not to insert myself foolishly as an amateur detective, not to press

my contention further, but politely to take my leave. He had called

me sir more than enough times for me to have no hallucinations

about who was running the show, and so I did leave, and, as I say,

that was the end of it.

The day Coleman was to be buried was another unseasonably

warm, crisply lit November day. With the last of the leaves having

THE HUMAN STAIN

fallen from the trees during the previous week, the hard bedrock

contour of the mountain landscape was now nakedly exposed by

the sunlight, its joints and striations etched in the fine hatched lines

of an old engraving, and as I headed to Athena for the funeral that

morning, a sense of reemergence, of renewed possibility, was inappropriately

aroused in me by the illuminated roughness of a distant

view obscured by foliage since last spring. The no-nonsense organization

of the earth's surface, to be admired and deferred to now for

the first time in months, was a reminder of the terrific abrasive

force of the glacier onslaught that had scoured these mountains on

the far edge of its booming southward slide. Passing just miles from

Coleman's house, it had spat out boulders the size of restaurant refrigerators

the way an automatic pitching machine throws fastball

strikes, and when I passed the steep wooded slope that is known locally

as "the rock garden" and saw, starkly, undappled by the summer

leaves and their gliding shadows, those mammoth rocks all

tumbled sideways like a ravaged Stonehenge, crushed together and

yet hugely intact, I was once again horrified by the thought of the

moment of impact that had separated Coleman and Faunia from

their lives in time and catapulted them into the earth's past. They

were now as remote as the glaciers. As the creation of the planet. As

creation itself.

This was when I decided to go to the state police. That I didn't

get out there that day, that very morning, even before the funeral,

was in part because, while parking my car across from the green in

town, I saw in the window of Pauline's Place, eating his breakfast,

Faunia's father—saw him seated at a table with the woman

who'd been steering his wheelchair up at the mountain cemetery

the day before. I immediately went inside, took the empty table beside

theirs, ordered, and, while pretending to read the Madamaska

Weekly Gazette that someone had left by my chair, caught all I could

of their conversation.

They were talking about a diary. Among the things of hers that

Sally and Peg had turned over to Faunia's father, there had been

Faunia's diary.

THE PURIFYING RITUAL

"You don't want to read it, Harry. You just don't want to."

"I have to," he said.

"You don't have to," the woman said. "Believe me you don't."

"It can't be more awful than everything else."

"You don't want to read it."

Most people inflate themselves and lie about accomplishments

they have only dreamed of achieving; Faunia had lied about failing

to reach proficiency at a skill so fundamental that, in a matter of a

year or two, it is acquired at least crudely by nearly every schoolchild

in the world.

And this I learned before even finishing my juice. The illiteracy

had been an act, something she decided her situation demanded.

But why? A source of power? Her one and only source of power?

But a power purchased at what price? Think about it. Afflicts herself

with illiteracy too. Takes it on voluntarily. Not to infantilize

herself, however, not to present herself as a dependent kid, but just

the opposite: to spotlight the barbaric self befitting the world. Not

rejecting learning as a stifling form of propriety but trumping

learning by a knowledge that is stronger and prior. She has nothing

against reading per se—it's that pretending not to be able to feels

right to her. It spices things up. She just cannot get enough of the

toxins: of all that you're not supposed to be, to show, to say, to think

but that you are and show and say and think whether you like it

or not.

"I can't burn it," Faunia's father said. "It's hers. I can't just throw

it in the trash."

"Well, I can," the woman said.

"It's not right."

"You have been walking through this mine field all your life. You

don't need more."

"It's all that's left of her."

"There's the revolver. That's left of her. There's the bullets, Harry.

She left that."

"The way she lived," he said, sounding suddenly at the edge of

tears.

THE HUMAN STAIN

"The way she lived is the way she died. It's why she died."

"You've got to give me the diary," he said.

"No. It's bad enough we even came here."

"Destroy it, destroy it, and I just don't know what."

"I'm only doing what is best for you."

"What does she say?"

"It doesn't bear repeating."

"Oh, God," he said.

"Eat. You have to eat something. Those pancakes look good."

"My daughter," he said.

"You did all you could."

"I should have taken her away when she was six years old."

"You didn't know. How could you know what was going to be?"

"I should never have left her with that woman."

"And we should never have come up here," his companion said.

"All you have to do now is get sick up here. Then the thing will be

complete."

"I want the ashes."

"They should have buried the ashes. In there. With her. I don't

know why they didn't."

"I want the ashes, Syl. Those are my grandkids. That's all I've got

left to show for everything."

"I've taken care of the ashes."

"No!"

"You didn't need those ashes. You've been through enough. I will

not have something happening to you. Those ashes are not coming

on the plane."

"What did you do?"

"I took care of them," she said. "I was respectful. But they're

gone."

"Oh, my God."

"That's over," she told him. "It's all over. You did your duty. You

did more than your duty. You don't need any more. Now let's you

eat something. I packed the room up. I paid. Now there's just getting

you home."

THE PURIFYING RITUAL

"Oh, you are the best, Sylvia, the very best."

"I don't want you hurt anymore. I will not let them hurt you."

"You are the best."

"Try and eat. Those look real good."

"Want some?"

"No," she said, "I want you to eat."

"I can't eat it all."

"Use the syrup. Here, I'll do it, I'll pour it."

I waited for them outside, on the green, and then when I saw the

wheelchair coming through the restaurant door, I crossed the street

and, as she was wheeling him away from Pauline's Place, I introduced

myself, walking alongside him as I spoke. "I live here. I knew

your daughter. Only slightly, but I met her several times. I was at the

funeral yesterday. I saw you there. I want to express my condolences."

He was a large man with a large frame, much larger than he'd

seemed slumped over in the chair at the funeral. He was probably

well over six feet, but with the look on his stern, strongly boned face

(Faunia's inexpressive face, hers exactly—the thin lips, the steep

chin, the sharp aquiline nose, the same blue, deep-set eyes, and

above them, framing the pale lashes, that same puff of flesh, that

same fullness that had struck me out at the dairy farm as her one

exotic marking, her face's only emblem of allure)—with the look of

a man sentenced not just to imprisonment in that chair but condemned

to some even greater anguish for the rest of his days. Big as

he was, or once had been, there was nothing left of him but his fear.

I saw that fear at the back of his gaze the instant he looked up to

thank me. "You're very kind," he said.

He was probably about my age, but there was evidence of a privileged

New England childhood in his speech that dated back to long

before either of us was born. I'd recognized it earlier in the restaurant

—tethered, by that speech alone, by the patterns of moneyed,

quasi-Anglined speech, to the decorous conventions of an entirely

other America.

"Are you Faunia's stepmother?" That seemed as good a way as

THE HUMAN STAIN

any to get her attention—and to get her perhaps to slow down. I assumed

they were on their way back to the College Arms, around the

corner from the green.

"This is Sylvia," he said.

"I wonder if you could stop," I said to Sylvia, "so I could talk to

him."

"We're catching a plane," she told me.

Since she was so clearly determined to rid him of me then

and there, I said—while still keeping pace with the wheelchair—

"Coleman Silk was my friend. He did not drive his car off the road.

He couldn't have. Not like that. His car was forced off the road. I

know who is responsible for the death of your daughter. It wasn't

Coleman Silk."

"Stop pushing me. Sylvia, stop pushing a minute."

"No," she said. "This is insane. This is enough."

"It was her ex-husband," I said to him. "It was Farley."

"No," he said weakly, as though I'd shot him. "No—no."

"Sir!" She had stopped, all right, but the hand that wasn't holding

tight to the wheelchair had reached up to take me by the lapel. She

was short and slight, a young Filipino woman with a small, implacable,

pale brown face, and I could see from the dark determination

of her fearless eyes that the disorder of human affairs was not allowed

to intrude anywhere near what was hers to protect.

"Can't you stop for one moment?" I asked her. "Can't we go over

to the green and sit there and talk?"

"The man is not well. You are taxing the strength of a man who is

seriously ill."

"But you have a diary belonging to Faunia."

"We do not."

"You have a revolver belonging to Faunia."

"Sir, go away. Sir, leave him alone, I am warning you!" And here

she pushed at me—with the hand that had been holding my jacket,

she shoved me away.

"She got that gun," I said, "to protect herself against Farley."

Sharply, she replied, "The poor thing."

• 300 •

THE PURIFYING RITUAL

I didn't know what to do then except to follow them around the

corner until they reached the porch of the inn. Faunia's father was

weeping openly now.

When she turned to find me still there, she said, "You have done

enough damage. Go or I will call the police." There was great ferocity

in this tiny person. I understood it: keeping him alive appeared

to require no less.

"Don't destroy that diary," I said to her. "There is a record

there—"

"Filth! There is a record there of filth!"

"Syl, Sylvia—"

"All of them, her, the brother, the mother, the stepfather—the

whole bunch of them, trampling on this man his whole life. They

have robbed him. They have deceived him. They have humiliated

him. His daughter was a criminal. Got pregnant and had a child at

sixteen—a child she abandoned to an orphan asylum. A child her

father would have raised. She was a common whore. Guns and men

and drugs and filth and sex. The money he gave her—what did she

do with that money?"

"I don't know. I don't know anything about an orphan asylum.

I don't know anything about any money."

"Drugs! She stole it for drugs!"

"I don't know anything about that."

"That whole family—filth! Have some pity, please!"

I turned to him. "I want the person responsible for these deaths

to be held legally accountable. Coleman Silk did her no harm. He

did not kill her. I ask to talk to you for only a minute."

"Let him, Sylvia—"

"No! No more letting anyone! You have let them long enough!"

People were collected now on the porch of the inn watching us,

and others were watching from the upper windows. Perhaps they

were the last of the leafers, out to catch the little left of the autumn

blaze. Perhaps they were Athena alumni. There were always a handful

visiting the town, middle-aged and elderly graduates checking

to see what had disappeared and what remained, thinking the best,

THE HUMAN STAIN

the very best, of every last thing that had ever befallen them on

these streets in nineteen hundred and whatever. Perhaps they were

visitors in town to look at the restored colonial houses, a stretch of

them running nearly a mile down both sides of Ward Street and

considered by the Athena Historical Society to be, if not so grand as

those in Salem, as important as any in the state west of the House of

the Seven Gables. These people had not come to sleep in the carefully

decorated period bedrooms of the College Arms so as to

awaken to a shouting match beneath their windows. In a place as

picturesque as South Ward Street and on a day as fine as this, the

eruption of such a struggle—a crippled man crying, a tiny Asian

woman shouting, a man who, from his appearance, might well

have been a college professor seemingly terrifying both of them

with what he was saying—was bound to seem both more stupendous

and more disgusting than it would have at a big city intersection.

"If I could see the diary—"

"There is no diary" she said, and there was nothing more to be

done than to watch her push him up the ramp beside the stairway

and through the main door and into the inn.

Back around at Pauline's, I ordered a cup of coffee and, on writing

paper the waitress found for me in a drawer beneath the cash register,

I wrote this letter:

I am the man who approached you near the restaurant on

Town Street in Athena on the morning after Faunia's funeral.

I live on a rural road outside Athena, a few miles

from the home of the late Coleman Silk, who, as I explained,

was my friend. Through Coleman I met your

daughter several times. I sometimes heard him speak about

her. Their affair was passionate, but there was no cruelty in

it. He mainly played the part of lover with her, but he also

knew how to be a friend and a teacher. If she asked for care,

I can't believe it was ever withheld. Whatever of Coleman's

THE PURIFYING RITUAL

spirit she may have absorbed could never, never have poisoned

her life.

I don't know how much of the malicious gossip surrounding

them and the crash you heard in Athena. I hope

none. There is, however, a matter of justice to be settled

which dwarfs all that stupidity. Two people have been murdered.

I know who murdered them. I did not witness the

murder but I know it took place. I am absolutely sure of it.

But evidence is necessary if I am to be taken seriously by

the police or by an attorney. If you possess anything that reveals

Faunia's state of mind in recent months or even extending

back to her marriage to Farley, I ask you not to destroy

it. I am thinking of letters you may have received from

her over the years as well as the belongings found in her

room after her death that were passed on to you by Sally

and Peg.

My telephone number and address are as follows—

That was as far as I got. I intended to wait until they were gone, to

phone the College Arms to extract from the desk clerk, with some

story or other, the man's name and address, and to send off my letter

by overnight mail. I'd go to Sally and Peg for the address if I

couldn't get it from the inn. But I would, in fact, do neither the one

thing nor the other. Whatever Faunia had left behind in her room

had already been discarded or destroyed by Sylvia—the same way

my letter would be destroyed when it arrived at its destination. This

tiny being whose whole purpose was to keep the past from tormenting

him further was never going to allow inside the walls of

his home what she would not permit when she'd found herself up

against me face to face. Moreover, her course was one that I couldn't

dispute. If suffering was passed around in that family like a disease,

there was nothing to do but post a sign of the kind they used

to hang in the doorways of the contagiously ill when I was a kid, a

sign that read QUARANTINE or that presented to the eyes of the

THE HUMAN STAIN

uninfected nothing more than a big black capital Q. Little Sylvia

was that ominous Q, and there was no way that I was going to get

past it. I tore up what I'd written and walked across town to the

funeral.

The service for Coleman had been arranged by his children, and

the four of them were there at the door to Rishanger Chapel to

greet the mourners as they filed in. The idea to bury him out of

Rishanger, the college chapel, was a family decision, the key component

of what I realized was a well-planned coup, an attempt to

undo their father's self-imposed banishment and to integrate him,

in death if not in life, back into the community where he had made

his distinguished career.

When I introduced myself, I was instantly taken aside by Lisa,

Coleman's daughter, who put her arms around me and in a tearful,

whispering voice said, "You were his friend. You were the one friend

he had left. You probably saw him last."

"We were friends for a while," I said, but explained nothing about

having seen him last several months back, on that August Saturday

morning at Tanglewood, and that by then he had deliberately let

the brief friendship lapse.

"We lost him," she said.

"I know."

"We lost him," she repeated, and then she cried without attempting

to speak.

After a while I said, "I enjoyed him and I admired him. I wish I

could have known him longer."

"Why did this happen?"

"I don't know."

"Did he go mad? Was he insane?"

"Absolutely not. No."

"Then how could all this happen?"

When I didn't answer (and how could I, other than by beginning

to write this book?), her arms dropped slowly away from me, and

THE PURIFYING RITUAL

while we stood together for a few seconds more, I saw how strong

was her resemblance to her father—strong as Faunia's to her father.

There were the same carved puppetlike features, the same green

eyes, the same tawny skin, even a less broad-shouldered version of

Coleman's slight athletic build. The visible genetic legacy of the

mother, Iris Silk, seemed to reside solely in Lisa's prodigious tangle

of dark bushy hair. In photograph after photograph of Iris—

photographs I'd seen in family albums Coleman had showed me—

the facial features hardly seemed to matter, so strongly did her importance

as a person, if not her entire meaning, appear to be concentrated

in that assertive, theatrical endowment of hair. With Lisa,

the hair appeared to stand more in contrast to her character than—

as with her mother—to be issuing from it.

I had the definite impression, in just our few moments together,

that the link, now broken, between Lisa and her father would not be

gone from her mind for a single day throughout the remainder of

her life. One way or another, the idea of him would be fused to every

last thing she would ever think about or do or fail to do. The

consequences of having loved him so fully as a beloved girl-child,

and of having been estranged from him at the time of his death,

would never let this woman be.

The three Silk men—Lisa's twin brother, Mark, and the two eldest,

Jeffrey and Michael—were not so emotional in greeting me. I

saw nothing of Mark's angry intensity as an affronted son, and

when, an hour or so later, his sober demeanor gave way at the

graveside, it was with the severity of one bereft beyond redemption.

Jeff and Michael were obviously the sturdiest Silk children, and in

them you clearly saw the physical imprint of the robust mother:

if not her hair (both men were by now bald), her height, her solid

core of confidence, her open-hearted authority. These were not

people who muddled through. That was apparent in just the greeting

they extended and the few words they said. When you met Jeff

and Michael, especially if they were standing side by side, you'd met

your match. Back before I got to know Coleman—back in his hey-

THE HUMAN STAIN

day, before he began to spin out of control within the ever-narrowing

prison of his rage, before the achievements that once particularized

him, that were him, vanished from his life—you would

surely have met your match in him too, which probably explains

why a general willingness to compromise the dean was so quick to

materialize once he was accused of uttering aloud something racially

vicious.

Despite all the rumors circulating in town, the turnout for Coleman

far exceeded what I'd been imagining it would be; it certainly

exceeded what Coleman could have imagined. The first six or seven

rows of pews were already full, and people were still streaming in

behind me when I found an empty place midway up from the altar

beside someone whom I recognized—from having seen him for the

first time the day before—to be Smoky Hollenbeck. Did Smoky understand

how close he might have come, only a year earlier, to having

a funeral service of his own held here in Rishanger Chapel?

Maybe he was attending the service more in gratitude for his own

good luck than out of regard for the man who'd been his erotic successor.

On Smoky's other side was a woman I took to be his wife, a

pretty blonde of about forty and, if I remembered correctly, an

Athena classmate Smoky had married back in the seventies and the

mother now of their five children. The Hollenbecks were among

the youngest people, aside from Coleman's family, whom I saw in

the chapel when I began to look around me. Largely there were

Athena elders, college faculty and staff whom Coleman had known

for close to forty years before Iris's death and his resignation. What

would he think about these old-timers showing up at Rishanger to

see him off could he observe them seated before his coffin? Probably

something like, "What a wonderful occasion for self-approval.

How virtuous they all must feel for not holding against me my contempt

for them."

It was strange to think, while seated there with all his colleagues,

that people so well educated and professionally civil should have

THE PURIFYING RITUAL

fallen so willingly for the venerable human dream of a situation in

which one man can embody evil. Yet there is this need, and it is undying

and it is profound.

When the outside door was pulled shut and the Silks took their

seats in the front row, I saw that the chapel was almost two-thirds

full, three hundred people, maybe more, waiting for this ancient

and natural human event to absorb their terror about the end of

life. I saw, too, that Mark Silk, alone among his brothers, was wearing

a skullcap.

Probably like most everyone else, I was expecting one of Coleman's

children to mount the pulpit and speak first. But there was to

be only one speaker that morning, and that was Herb Keble, the political

scientist hired by Dean Silk as Athena's first black professor.

Obviously Keble had been chosen by the family for the reason the

family had chosen Rishanger for the service: to rehabilitate their father's

name, to push back the Athena calendar and restore to Coleman

his former status and prestige. When I recalled the severity

with which Jeff and Michael had each taken my hand and acknowledged

me by name and told me, "Thank you for coming—it means

everything to the family that you're here," and when I imagined that

they must have repeated something like that to each individual

mourner, among whom there were many people they had known

since childhood, I thought, And they don't intend to quit, not until

the administration building is rededicated as Coleman Silk Hall.

That the place was nearly full was probably no chance occurrence.

They must have been on the phone ever since the crash,

mourners being rounded up the way voters used to be herded to

the polls when the old Mayor Daley was running Chicago. And how

they must have worked over Keble, whom Coleman had especially

despised, to induce him voluntarily to proffer himself as the scapegoat

for Athena's sins. The more I thought about these Silk boys

twisting Keble's arm, intimidating him, shouting at him, denouncing

him, perhaps even outright threatening him because of the

way he had betrayed their father two years back, the more I liked

THE HUMAN STAIN

them—and the more I liked Coleman for having sired two big,

firm, smart fellows who were not reluctant to do what had to be

done to turn his reputation right side out. These two were going to

help put Les Farley away for the rest of his life.

Or so I was able to believe until the next afternoon, just before

they left town, when—no less bluntly persuasive with me than I'd

imagined them to have been with Keble—they let me know that I

was to knock it off: to forget about Les Farley and the circumstances

of the accident and about urging any further investigation

by the police. They could not have made clearer that their disapproval

would be boundless if their father's affair with Faunia Farley

were to become the focal point of a courtroom trial instigated by

my importuning. Faunia Farley's was a name they never wanted to

hear again, least of all in a scandalous trial that would be written up

sensationally in the local papers and lodged indelibly in local memory

and that would leave Coleman Silk Hall forever a dream.

"She is not the ideal woman to have linked with our father's legacy,"

Jeffrey told me. "Our mother is," said Michael. "This cheap little

cunt has nothing to do with anything." "Nothing," Jeffrey reiterated.

It was hard to believe, given the ardor and the resolve, that out

in California they were college science professors. You would have

thought they ran Twentieth Century Fox.

Herb Keble was a slender, very dark man, elderly now, a bit stiffgaited,

though seemingly in no way stooped or hobbled by illness,

and with something of the earnestness of the black preacher in

both the stern bearing and the ominous, hanging-judge voice. He

had only to say "My name is Herbert Keble" to cast his spell; he had

only, from behind the podium, to stare silently at Coleman's coffin

and then to turn to the congregation and announce who he was to

invoke that realm of feeling associated with the declamation of the

holy psalms. He was austere in the way the edge of a blade is austere

—menacing to you if you don't handle it with the utmost care.

Altogether the man was impressive, in demeanor and appearance

both, and one could see where Coleman might have hired him to

THE PURIFYING RITUAL

break the color barrier at Athena for something like the same reasons

that Branch Rickey had hired Jackie Robinson to be organized

baseball's first black. Imagining the Silk boys browbeating Herb

Keble into doing their bidding wasn't that easy, at first, not until

you took into account the appeal of self-drama to a personality

marked so clearly by the vanity of those authorized to administer

the sacraments. He very much displayed the authority of the second

in power to the sovereign.

"My name is Herbert Keble," he began. "I am chairman of the

Political Science Department. In 1996, I was among those who did

not see fit to rise to Coleman's defense when he was accused of racism

—I, who had come to Athena sixteen years earlier, the very year

that Coleman Silk was appointed dean of faculty; I, who was Dean

Silk's first academic appointment. Much too tardily, I stand before

you to censure myself for having failed my friend and patron, and

to do what I can—again, much too tardily—to begin to attempt to

right the wrong, the grievous, the contemptible wrong, that was

done to him by Athena College.

"At the time of the alleged racist incident, I told Coleman, 'I can't

be with you on this.' I said it to him deliberately, though perhaps

not entirely for the opportunistic, careerist, or cowardly reasons

that he was so quick to assume to be mine. I thought then that I

could do more for Coleman's cause by working behind the scenes

to defuse the opposition than by openly allying myself with him in

public, and being rendered impotent, as I surely would have been,

by that all-purpose, know-nothing weapon of a sobriquet, 'Uncle

Tom.' I thought that I could be the voice of reason from within—

rather than without—the ranks of those whose outrage over Coleman's

alleged racist remark provoked them into unfairly defaming

him and the college for what were the failures of two students. I

thought that if I was shrewd enough and patient enough I could

cool the passions, if not of the most extreme of his adversaries, then

of those thoughtful, level-headed members of our local African

American community and their white sympathizers, whose antagonism

was never really more than reflexive and ephemeral. I thought

THE HUMAN STAIN

that, in time—and, I hoped, in less time rather than more—I could

initiate a dialogue between Coleman and his accusers that would

lead to the promulgation of a statement identifying the nature

of the misunderstanding that had given rise to the conflict, and

thereby bring this regrettable incident to something like a just conclusion.

"I was wrong. I should never have said to my friend, 'I can't be

with you on this.' I should have said, 'I must be with you.' I should

have worked to oppose his enemies not insidiously and misguidedly

from within but forthrightly and honestly from without—

from where he could have taken heart at the expression of support

instead of being left to nurse the crushing sense of abandonment

that festered into the wound that led to his alienation from his colleagues,

to his resignation from the college, and from there to the

self-destructive isolation which, I am convinced—horrible as believing

this is for me—led not too circuitously to his dying as tragically,

wastefully, and unnecessarily as he did in that car the other

night. I should have spoken up to say what I want to say now in the

presence of his former colleagues, associates, and staff, and to say,

especially, in the presence of his children, Jeff and Mike, who are

here from California, and Mark and Lisa, who are here from New

York—and to say, as the senior African American member of the

Athena faculty:

"Coleman Silk never once deviated in any way from totally fair

conduct in his dealings with each and every one of his students for

as long as he served Athena College. Never.

"The alleged misconduct never took place. Never.

"What he was forced to undergo—the accusations, the interviews,

the inquiry—remains a blight on the integrity of this institution

to this day, and on this day, more than ever. Here, in the New

England most identified, historically, with the American individualist's

resistance to the coercions of a censorious community—

Hawthorne, Melville, and Thoreau come to mind—an American

individualist who did not think that the weightiest thing in life

THE PURIFYING RITUAL

were the rules, an American individualist who refused to leave unexamined

the orthodoxies of the customary and of the established

truth, an American individualist who did not always live in compliance

with majority standards of decorum and taste—an American

individualist par excellence was once again so savagely traduced by

friends and neighbors that he lived estranged from them until his

death, robbed of his moral authority by their moral stupidity. Yes, it

is we, the morally stupid censorious community, who have abased

ourselves in having so shamefully besmirched Coleman Silk's good

name. I speak particularly of those like myself, who knew from

close contact the depth of his commitment to Athena and the purity

of his dedication as an educator, and who, out of whatever deluded

motive, betrayed him nonetheless. I say it again: we betrayed

him. Betrayed Coleman and betrayed Iris. "Iris's death, the death

of Iris Silk, coming in the midst of..." Two seats to my left, Smoky

Hollenbeck's wife was in tears, as were several other of the women

nearby. Smoky was himself leaning forward, his forehead resting

lightly on his two hands, which were entwined at the top of the

pew in front of us in a vaguely ecclesiastical manner. I suppose he

wanted me or his wife or whoever else might be watching him to

believe that the injustice done to Coleman Silk was unendurable

to think about. I supposed he was meant to appear to be overcome

by compassion, yet knowing what I did about all that he concealed,

as a model family man, of the Dio-nysian substrata of his life, it was

an inference hard to swallow.

But, Smoky aside, the attention, the concentration, the acuity of

the concentration focused on Herb Keble's every word seemed genuine

enough for me to imagine that any number of people present

would be finding it difficult not to lament what Coleman Silk had

unfairly endured. I wondered, of course, if Keble's rationalization

for why he hadn't stood beside Coleman at the time of the spooks

incident was of his own devising or one that the Silk boys had come

up with so as to enable him to do as they demanded while still saving

face. I wondered whether the rationalization could be an accu-

THE HUMAN STAIN

rate description of his motives when he'd said the words that Coleman

bitterly repeated to me so many times: "I can't be with you

on this."

Why was I unwilling to believe this man? Because, by a certain

age, one's mistrust is so exquisitely refined that one is unwilling to

believe anybody? Surely, two years back, when he was silent and

didn't rise to Coleman's defense, it was for the reason that people

are always silent: because it is in their interest to be silent. Expediency

is not a motive that is steeped in darkness. Herb Keble was just

another one out trying to kosher the record, albeit in a bold, even

an interesting way, by taking the guilt upon himself, but the fact remained

that he couldn't act when it mattered, and so I thought, on

Coleman's behalf, Fuck him.

When Keble came down from the podium and, before returning

to his seat, stopped to shake the hands of each of Coleman's children,

that simple gesture served only to intensify the almost violent

passion aroused by his speech. What would happen next? For a moment

there was nothing. Just the silence and the coffin and the

emotional intoxication of the crowd. Then Lisa stood up, mounted

the few steps to the podium, and, from the lectern, said, "The last

movement of Mahler's Third Symphony." That was it. They pulled

out all the stops. They played Mahler.

Well, you can't listen to Mahler sometimes. When he picks you

up to shake you, he doesn't stop. By the end of it, we were all crying.

Speaking only for myself, I don't think anything could have torn

me apart like that other than hearing Steena Palsson's rendition of

"The Man I Love" as she'd sung it from the foot of Coleman's

Sullivan Street bed in 1948.

The three-block walk to the cemetery was memorable largely for its

seemingly not having taken place. One moment we were immobilized

by the infinite vulnerability of Mahler's adagio movement, by

that simplicity that is not artifice, that is not a strategy, that unfolds,

it almost seems, with the accumulated pace of life and with all of

THE PURIFYING RITUAL

life's unwillingness to end... one moment we were immobilized by

that exquisite juxtaposition of grandeur and intimacy that begins

in the quiet, singing, restrained intensity of the strings and then

rises in surges through the massive false ending that leads to the

true, the extended, the monumental ending . . . one moment we

were immobilized by the swelling, soaring, climaxing, and subsiding

of an elegiac orgy that rolls on and on and on with a determined

pace that never changes, giving way, then coming back like

pain or longing that won't disappear . . . one moment we were, at

Mahler's mounting insistence, inside the coffin with Coleman, attuned

to all the terror of endlessness and to the passionate desire to

escape death, and then somehow or other sixty or seventy of us had

got ourselves over to the cemetery to watch as he was buried, a simple

enough ritual, as sensible a solution to the problem as any ever

devised but one that is never entirely comprehensible. You have to

see it to believe it each time.

I doubted that most people had been planning to accompany the

body all the way to the grave. But the Silk children had a flair for

drawing out and sustaining pathos, and this, I assumed, was why

there were so many of us crowding around as close as we could to

the hole that was to be Coleman's eternal home, as though eager almost

to crawl in there and take his place, to offer ourselves up as

surrogates, as substitutes, as sacrificial offerings, if that would magically

allow for the resumption of the exemplary life that, by Herb

Keble's own admission, had been as good as stolen from Coleman

two years back.

Coleman was to be buried beside Iris. The dates on her headstone

read 1932-1996. His would read 1926-1998. How direct those

numbers are. And how little they connote of what went on.

I heard the Kaddish begin before I realized that somebody there

was chanting it. Momentarily I imagined that it must be drifting in

from another part of the cemetery, when it was coming from the

other side of the grave, where Mark Silk—the youngest son, the angry

son, the son who, like his twin sister, bore the strongest resem-

THE HUMAN STAIN

blance to his father—was standing alone, with the book in his hand

and the yarmulke on his head, and chanting in a soft, tear-filled

voice the familiar Hebrew prayer.

Yisgadal, v'yiskadash...

Most people in America, including myself and probably Mark's

siblings, don't know what these words mean, but nearly everyone

recognizes the sobering message they bring: a Jew is dead. Another

Jew is dead. As though death were not a consequence of life but a

consequence of having been a Jew.

When Mark had finished, he shut the book and then, having induced

a grim serenity in everyone else, was himself overcome by

hysteria. That was how Coleman's funeral ended—with all of us

immobilized this time by watching Mark go to pieces, helplessly

flailing his arms in the air and, through a wide-open mouth, wailing

away. That wild sound of lamentation, older even than the

prayer he'd uttered, rose in intensity until, when he saw his sister

rushing toward him with arms outstretched, he turned to her

his contorted Silk face, and in sheer childlike astonishment cried,

"We're never going to see him again!"

I did not think my most generous thought. Generous thoughts

were hard to come by that day. I thought, What difference should

that make? You weren't that keen on seeing him when he was here.

Mark Silk apparently had imagined that he was going to have his

father around to hate forever. To hate and hate and hate and hate,

and then perhaps, in his own good time, after the scenes of accusation

had reached their crescendo and he had flogged Coleman to

within an inch of his life with his knot of filial grievance, to forgive.

He thought Coleman was going to stay here till the whole play

could be performed, as though he and Coleman had been set down

not in life but on the southern hillside of the Athenian acropolis, in

an outdoor theater sacred to Dionysus, where, before the eyes of ten

thousand spectators, the dramatic unities were once rigorously observed

and the great cathartic cycle was enacted annually. The human

desire for a beginning, a middle, and an end—and an end appropriate

in magnitude to that beginning and middle—is realized

THE PURIFYING RITUAL

nowhere so thoroughly as in the plays that Coleman taught at

Athena College. But outside the classical tragedy of the fifth century

B.C., the expectation of completion, let alone of a just and perfect

consummation, is a foolish illusion for an adult to hold.

People began to drift away. I saw the Hollenbecks move along the

path between the gravestones and head toward the nearby street,

the husband's arm around his wife's shoulder, shepherding her protectively

away. I saw the young lawyer, Nelson Primus, who had represented

Coleman during the spooks incident, and with him a

pregnant young woman, a woman weeping, who must have been

his wife. I saw Mark with his sister, still having to be consoled by

her, and I saw Jeff and Michael, who had run this whole operation

so expertly, talking quietly to Herb Keble a few yards from where I

was standing. I couldn't myself go because of Les Farley. Away from

this cemetery he muscled on undisturbed, uncharged with any

crime, manufacturing that crude reality all his own, a brute of a being

colliding with whomever he liked however he liked for all the

inner reasons that justified anything he wanted to do.

Sure, I know there's no completion, no just and perfect consummation,

but that didn't mean that, standing just feet from where the

coffin rested in its freshly dug pit, I wasn't obstinately thinking that

this ending, even if it were construed as having permanently reestablished

Coleman's place as an admired figure in the college's history,

would not suffice. Too much truth was still concealed.

I meant by this the truth about his death and not the truth that

was to come to light a moment or two later. There is truth and then

again there is truth. For all that the world is full of people who go

around believing they've got you or your neighbor figured out,

there really is no bottom to what is not known. The truth about us

is endless. As are the lies. Caught between, I thought. Denounced

by the high-minded, reviled by the righteous—then exterminated

by the criminally crazed. Excommunicated by the saved, the elect,

the ever-present evangelists of the mores of the moment, then polished

off by a demon of ruthlessness. Both human exigencies found

their conjunction in him. The pure and the impure, in all their

THE HUMAN STAIN

vehemence, on the move, akin in their common need of the enemy.

Whipsawed, I thought. Whipsawed by the inimical teeth of this

world. By the antagonism that is the world.

One woman, by herself, had remained as close to the open grave

as I was. She was silent and did not look to be crying. She didn't

even appear to be quite there—that is to say, in the cemetery, at a

funeral. She could have been on a street corner, waiting patiently

for the next bus. It was the way she was holding her handbag primly

in front of her that made me think of someone who was already

prepared to pay her fare, and then to be carried off to wherever she

was going. I could tell she wasn't white only by the thrust of her jaw

and the cast of her mouth—by something suggestively protrusive

shaping the lower half of her face—and, too, by the stiff texture

of her hairdo. Her complexion was no darker than a Greek's or a

Moroccan's, and perhaps I might not have added one clue to another

to matter-of-factly register her as black, if it wasn't that Herb

Keble was among the very few who hadn't yet headed for home.

Because of her age—sixty-five, maybe seventy—I thought she must

be Keble's wife. No wonder, then, that she looked so strangely

transfixed. It could not have been easy to listen to her husband

publicly cast himself (under the sway of whatever motive) as

Athena's scapegoat. I could understand how she would have a lot to

think about, and how assimilating it might take more time than the

funeral had allowed. Her thoughts had still to be with what he had

said back in Rishanger Chapel. That's where she was.

I was wrong.

As I turned to leave, she happened to turn too, and so, with only

a foot or two between us, we were facing each other.

"My name's Nathan Zuckerman," I said. "I was a friend of Coleman's

near the end of his life."

"How do you do," she replied.

"I believe your husband changed everything today."

She did not look at me as if I were mistaken, though I was. Nor

did she ignore me, decide to be rid of me, and proceed on her way.

THE PURIFYING RITUAL

Nor did she look as if she didn't know what to do, though that she

was in a quandary had to have been so. A friend of Coleman's at the

end of his life? Given her true identity, how could she have said

nothing more than "I'm not Mrs. Keble" and walked off?

But all she did was to stand there, opposite me, expressionless, so

profoundly struck dumb by the day's events and its revelations that

not to understand who she was to Coleman would, at that moment,

have been impossible. It wasn't a resemblance to Coleman that registered,

and registered quickly, in rapid increments, as with a distant

star seen through a lens that you've steadily magnified to the

correct intensity. What I saw—when, at long last, I did see, see all

the way, clear to Coleman's secret—was the facial resemblance to

Lisa, who was even more her aunt's niece than she was her father's

daughter.

It was from Ernestine—back at my house in the hours after the funeral

—that I learned most of what I know about Coleman's growing

up in East Orange: about Dr. Fensterman trying to get Coleman

to take a dive on his final exams so as to let Bert Fensterman slip in

ahead of him as valedictorian; about how Mr. Silk found the East

Orange house in 1926, the small frame house that Ernestine still occupied

and that was sold to her father "by a couple," Ernestine explained

to me, "who were mad at the people next door and so were

determined to sell it to colored to spite them." ("See, you can tell the

generation I am," she said to me later that day. "I say 'colored' and

'Negro.'") She told me about how her father had lost the optician

shop during the Depression, how it took time for him to get over

the loss—"I'm not sure," she said, "he ever did"—and how he got a

job as a waiter on the dining car and worked for the railroad for the

rest of his life. She talked about how Mr. Silk called English "the

language of Chaucer, Shakespeare, and Dickens," and saw to it that

the children learned not just to speak properly but to think logically,

to classify, to analyze, to describe, to enumerate, to learn not

only English but Latin and Greek; how he took them to the New

THE HUMAN STAIN

York museums and to see Broadway plays; and how, when he found

out about Coleman's secret career as an amateur boxer for the Newark

Boys Club, he had told him, in that voice that radiated authority

without ever having to be raised, "If I were your father I would

say, 'You won last night? Good. Now you can retire undefeated.' "

From Ernestine I learned how Doc Chizner, my own boxing instructor

during the year I took his after-school class down in Newark,

had, earlier, in East Orange, laid claim to young Coleman's talent

after Coleman left the Boys Club, how Doc had wanted him to

box for the University of Pittsburgh, could have gotten him a scholarship

to Pitt as a white boxer, but how Coleman had enrolled

at Howard because that was their father's plan. How their father

dropped dead while serving dinner on the train one night, and how

Coleman had immediately quit Howard to join the navy, and to

join as a white man. How after the navy he moved to Greenwich

Village to go to NYU. How he brought that white girl home one

Sunday, the pretty girl from Minnesota. How the biscuits burned

that day, so preoccupied were they all with not saying the wrong

thing. How, luckily for everyone, Walt, who'd begun teaching down

in Asbury Park, hadn't been able to drive up for dinner, how things

just went along so wonderfully that Coleman could have had nothing

to complain about. Ernestine told me how gracious Coleman's

mother had been to the girl. Steena. How thoughtful and kind

they'd been to Steena—and Steena to them. How hardworking

their mother was always, how, after their father died, she had risen,

by virtue of merit alone, to become the first colored head nurse on

the surgical floor of a Newark hospital. And how she had adored

her Coleman, how there was nothing Coleman could do to destroy

his mother's love. Even the decision to spend the rest of his life pretending

his mother had been somebody else, a mother he'd never

had and who had never existed, even that couldn't free Mrs. Silk of

him. And after Coleman had come home to tell his mother he was

marrying Iris Gittelman and that she would never be mother-inlaw

to her daughter-in-law or grandmother to her grandchildren,

when Walt forbade Coleman from ever contacting the family again,

THE PURIFYING RITUAL

how Walt then made it clear to their mother—and employing the

same steely authority by which his father had governed them—that

she was not to contact Coleman either.

"I know he meant the best," Ernestine said. "Walt thought this

was the only way to protect Mother from being hurt. From being

hurt by Coleman every time there was a birthday, every time there

was a holiday, every time it was Christmas. He believed that if

the line of communication remained open, Coleman was going to

break Mother's heart a thousand times over, exactly the way he did

it that day. Walt was enraged at Coleman for coming over to East

Orange without any preparation, without warning any of us, and to

tell an elderly woman, a widow like that, just what the law was going

to be. Fletcher, my husband, always had a psychological reason

for Walt's doing what he did. But I don't think Fletcher was

right. I don't think Walt was ever truly jealous of Coleman's place in

Mother's heart. I don't accept that. I think he was insulted and

flared up—not just for Mother but for all of us. Walt was the political

member of the family; of course he was going to get mad. I myself

wasn't mad that way and I never have been, but I can understand

Walter. Every year, on Coleman's birthday, I phoned Athena

to talk to him. Right down to three days ago. That was his birthday.

His seventy-second birthday. I would think that when he got killed,

he was driving home from his birthday dinner. I phoned to wish

him a happy birthday. There was no answer and so I called the next

day. And that's how I found out he was dead. Somebody there at the

house picked up the phone and told me. I realize now that it was

one of my nephews. I only began calling the house after Coleman's

wife died and he left the college and was living alone. Before that,

I phoned the office. Never told anybody about it. Didn't see any

reason to. Phoned on his birthdays. Phoned when Mother died.

Phoned when I got married. Phoned when I had my son. I phoned

him when my husband died. We always had a good talk together.

He always wanted to hear the news, even about Walter and his promotions.

And then each of the times that Iris gave birth, with

Jeffrey, with Michael, then with the twins, I got a call from Cole-

THE HUMAN STAIN

man. He'd call me at school. That was always a great trial for him.

He was testing fate with so many kids. Because they were genetically

linked to the past he had repudiated, there was always the

chance, you see, that they might be a throwback in some distinguishing

way. He worried a lot about that. It could have happened

—it sometimes does happen. But he went ahead and had

them anyway. That was a part of the plan too. The plan to lead a full

and regular and productive life. Still, I believe that, in those first

years especially, and certainly whenever a new child came along,

Coleman suffered for his decision. Nothing ever escaped Coleman's

attention, and that held true for his own feelings. He could cut

himself away from us, but not from his feelings. And that was most

true where the children were concerned. I think he himself came to

believe that there was something awful about withholding something

so crucial to what a person is, that it was their birthright to

know their genealogy. And there was something dangerous too.

Think of the havoc he could create in their lives if their children

were born recognizably Negro. So far he has been lucky, and that

goes for the two grandchildren out in California. But think of his

daughter, who isn't married yet. Suppose one day she has a white

husband, as more than likely she will, and she gives birth to a Negroid

child, as she can—as she may. How does she explain this? And

what will her husband assume? He will assume that another man

fathered her child. A black man at that. Mr. Zuckerman, it was

frighteningly cruel for Coleman not to tell his children. That is not

Walter's judgment—that is mine. If Coleman was intent on keeping

his race his secret, then the price he should have paid was not to

have children. And he knew that. He had to know that. Instead, he

has planted an unexploded bomb. And that bomb seemed to me always

in the background when he talked about them. Especially

when he talked about, not the twin girl, but the twin boy, Mark, the

boy he had all the trouble with. He said to me that Markie probably

hated him for his own reasons, yet it was as though he had figured

out the truth. 'I got there what I produced,' he said, 'even if for the

wrong reason. Markie doesn't even have the luxury of hating his fa-

THE PURIFYING RITUAL

ther for the real thing. I robbed him,' Coleman said, 'of that part of

his birthright, too.' And I said, 'But he might not have hated you at

all for that, Coleman.' And he said, 'You don't follow me. Not that

he would have hated me for being black. That's not what I mean by

the real thing. I mean that he would have hated me for never telling

him and because he had a right to know.' And then, because there

was so much there to be misunderstood, we just let the subject

drop. But it was clear that he could never forget that there was a lie

at the foundation of his relationship to his children, a terrible lie,

and that Markie had intuited it, somehow understood that the children,

who carried their father's identity in their genes and who

would pass that identity on to their children, at least genetically,

and perhaps even physically, tangibly, never had the complete

knowledge of who they are and who they were. This is somewhat

in the nature of speculation, but I sometimes think that Coleman

saw Markie as the punishment for what he had done to his

own mother. Though that," Ernestine added, scrupulously, "is not

something he ever said. As for Walter, what I was getting at about

Walter is that all he was trying to do was to fill our father's shoes by

making sure that Mother's heart would not be broken time and

again."

"And was it?" I asked.

"Mr. Zuckerman, there was no repairing it—ever. When she died

in the hospital, when she was delirious, do you know what she was

saying? She kept calling for the nurse the way the sick patients used

to call for her. 'Oh, nurse,' she said, 'oh, nurse—get me to the train. I

got a sick baby at home.' Over and over, 'I got a sick baby at home.'

Sitting there beside her bed, holding her hand and watching her

die, I knew who that sick baby was. So did Walter know. It was

Coleman. Whether she would have been better off had Walt not interfered

the way he did by banishing Coleman forever like that...

well, I still hesitate to say. But Walter's special talent as a man is his

decisiveness. That was Coleman's as well. Ours is a family of decisive

men. Daddy had it, and so did his father, who was a Methodist

minister down in Georgia. These men make up their minds, and

THE HUMAN STAIN

that's it. Well, there was a price to pay for their decisiveness. One

thing is clear, however. And I realized that today. And I wish my

parents could know it. We are a family of educators. Beginning with

my paternal grandmother. As a young slave girl, taught to read

by her mistress, then, after Emancipation, went to what was then

called Georgia State Normal and Industrial School for Colored.

That's how it began, and that's what we have turned out to be. And

that is what I realized when I saw Coleman's children. All but one of

them teachers. And all of us—Walt, Coleman, me, all of us teachers

as well. My own son is another story. He did not finish college. We

had some disagreements, and now he has a significant other, as the

expression goes, and we have our disagreement about that. I should

tell you that there were no colored teachers in the white Asbury

Park school system when Walter arrived there in '47. You have to remember,

he was the first. And subsequently their first Negro principal.

And subsequently their first Negro superintendent of schools.

That tells you something about Walt. There was already a well-established

colored community, but it was not till Walter got there in

'47 that things began to change. And that decisiveness of his had a

lot to do with it. Even though you're a Newark product, I'm not

sure you know that up until 1947, legally, constitutionally separate,

segregated education was approved in New Jersey. You had, in most

communities, schools for colored children and schools for white

children. There was a distinct separation of the races in elementary

education in south Jersey. From Trenton, New Brunswick, on

down, you had separate schools. And in Princeton. And in Asbury

Park. In Asbury Park, when Walter arrived there, there was a school

called Bangs Avenue, East or West—one of them was for colored

children who lived in that Bangs Avenue neighborhood and the

other one was for white children who lived in that neighborhood.

Now that was one building, but it was divided into two parts. There

was a fence between the two sides of the building, and one side

was colored kids and on the other was white kids. Likewise, the

teachers on one side were white and the teachers on the other side

were colored. The principal was white. In Trenton, in Princeton—

THE PURIFYING RITUAL

and Princeton is not considered south Jersey—there were separate

schools up until 1948. Not in East Orange and not in Newark,

though at one time, even in Newark there was an elementary school

for colored children. That was the early 1900s. But in 1947—and I'm

getting to Walter's place in all this, because I want you to understand

my brother Walter, I want you to see his relationship to

Coleman within the wider picture of what was going on back then.

This is years before the civil rights movement. Even what Coleman

did, the decision that he made, despite his Negro ancestry, to live as

a member of another racial group—that was by no means an uncommon

decision before the civil rights movement. There were

movies about it. Remember them? One was called Pinky, and there

was another, with Mel Ferrer, though I can't remember the name of

it, but it was popular too. Changing your racial group—there was

no civil rights to speak of, no equality, so that was on people's

minds, white as well as colored. Maybe more in their minds than

happening in reality, but still, it fascinated people in the way they

are fascinated by a fairy tale. But then in 1947, the governor called

for a constitutional convention to revise the constitution of the

state of New Jersey. And that was the beginning of something. One

of the constitutional revisions was that there would no longer be

separated or segregated National Guard units in New Jersey. The

second part, the second change in the new constitution, said that

no longer shall children be forced to pass one school to get to another

school in their neighborhood. The wording was something

like that. Walter could tell it to you verbatim. Those amendments

eliminated segregation in the public schools and in the National

Guard. The governor and the boards of education were told to implement

that. The state board advised all the local boards of education

to set into operation plans to integrate the schools. They suggested

first integrating the faculties of the schools and then slowly

integrating the schools insofar as pupils were concerned. Now, even

before Walt went to Asbury Park, even as a student at Montclair

State when he came home from the war, he was one of those who

were politically concerned—one of those ex-GIs who were already

THE HUMAN STAIN

actively fighting for integration of the schools in New Jersey. Even

before the constitutional revision, and after it was revised, certainly,

Walter remained among the most active in the fight to integrate the

schools."

Her point was that Coleman was not one of those ex-GIs fighting

for integration and equality and civil rights; in Walt's opinion, he

was never fighting for anything other than himself. Silky Silk. That's

who he fought as, who he fought for, and that's why Walt could

never stand Coleman, even when Coleman was a boy. In it for himself,

Walt used to say. In it always for Coleman alone. All he ever

wanted was out.

We had finished lunch at my house several hours earlier, but

Ernestine's energy showed no signs of abating. Everything whirling

inside her brain—and not just as a consequence of Coleman's

death but everything about the mystery of him that she had been

trying to fathom for the last fifty years—was causing her to speak in

a rush that was not necessarily characteristic of the serious smalltown

schoolteacher she'd been for the whole of her life. She was a

very proper-looking woman, seemingly healthy if a bit drawn in the

face, whose appetites you couldn't have imagined to be in any way

excessive; from her dress and her posture, from the meticulous way

she ate her lunch, even from the way she occupied her chair, it was

clear that hers was a personality that had no difficulty subjugating

itself to social convention and that her inmost reflex in any conflict

would be to act automatically as the mediator—entirely the master

of the sensible response, by choice more of a listener than a maker

of speeches, and yet the aura of excitement surrounding the death

of her self-declared white brother, the special significance of the

end of a life that to her family had seemed like one long, perverse,

willfully arrogant defection, could hardly be reckoned with by ordinary

means.

"Mother went to her grave wondering why Coleman did it. 'Lost

himself to his own people.' That's how she put it. He wasn't the first

in Mother's family. There'd been others. But they were others. They

weren't Coleman. Coleman never in his life chafed under being a

THE PURIFYING RITUAL

Negro. Not for as long as we knew him. This is true. Being a Negro

was just never an issue with him. You'd see Mother sitting in her

chair at night, sitting there stock-still, and you knew what she was

wondering: could it be this, could it be that? Was it to get away from

Daddy? But by the time he did it, Daddy was dead. Mother would

propose reasons, but none was ever adequate. Was it because he

thought white people were better than us? They had more money

than we did, sure—but better? Is that what he believed? We never

saw the slightest evidence of that. Now, people grow up and go

away and have nothing to do with their families ever again, and

they don't have to be colored to act like that. It happens every day

all over the world. They hate everything so much they just disappear.

But Coleman as a kid was not a hater. The breeziest, most optimistic

child you ever wanted to see. Growing up, I was more

unhappy than Coleman. Walt was more unhappy than Coleman.

What with all the success he had, with the attention people gave

him . . . no, it just never made sense to Mother. The pining never

stopped. His photos. His report cards. His track medals. His yearbook.

The certificate he got as valedictorian. There were even toys

of Coleman's around, toys he'd loved as a small child, and she had

all these things and she stared at them the way a mind reader stares

into a crystal ball, as if they would unravel everything. Did he ever

acknowledge to anyone what he'd done? Did he, Mr. Zuckerman?

Did he ever acknowledge it to his wife? To his children?"

"I don't think so," I said. "I'm sure he didn't."

"So he was Coleman all the way. Set out to do it and did it. That

was the extraordinary thing about him from the time he was a

boy—that he stuck to a plan completely. There was a dogged commitment

he could make to his every decision. All the lying that was

necessitated by the big lie, to his family, to his colleagues, and he

stuck to it right to the end. Even to be buried as a Jew. Oh, Coleman,"

she said sadly, "so determined. Mr. Determined," and in that

moment, she was closer to laughter than to tears.

Buried as a Jew, I thought, and, if I was speculating correctly,

killed as a Jew. Another of the problems of impersonation.

THE HUMAN STAIN

"If he acknowledged it to anyone," I said, "maybe it was to the

woman he died with. To Faunia Farley."

She clearly didn't want to hear about that woman. But because of

her sensibleness, she had to ask, "How do you know that?"

"I don't. I don't know anything. It's a thought I have," I said. "It

ties into the pact that I sensed was between them—his telling her."

By "the pact between them" I meant their mutual recognition that

there was no clean way out, but I didn't go on to explain myself, not

to Ernestine. "Look, learning this from you today, there's nothing

about Coleman I don't have to rethink. I don't know what to think

about anything."

"Well then, you're now an honorary member of the Silk family.

Aside from Walter, in matters pertaining to Coleman none of us has

ever known what to think. Why he did it, why he stuck to it, why

Mother had to die the way she did. If Walt hadn't laid down the

law," she said, "who knows what would have evolved? Who knows if

Coleman wouldn't have told his wife as the years passed and he got

further from the decision? Maybe even told his children one day.

Maybe have told the world. But Walt froze everything in time. And

that is never a good idea. Coleman did this when he was still in his

twenties. A firecracker of twenty-seven. But he wasn't going to be

twenty-seven forever. It wasn't going to be 1953 forever. People age.

Nations age. Problems age. Sometimes they age right out of existence.

Yet Walt froze it. Of course, if you look at it narrowly, from

the point of view simply of social advantage, of course it was advantageous

in the well-spoken Negro middle class to do it Coleman's

way, as it's advantageous today not to dream of doing it that

way. Today, if you're a middle-class intelligent Negro and you want

your kids to go to the best schools, and on full scholarship if you

need it, you wouldn't dream of saying that you're not colored. That

would be the last thing you'd do. White as your skin might be, now

it's advantageous not to do it, just as then it was advantageous to do

it. So what is the difference? But can I tell that to Walter? Can I say

to him, 'So what really is the difference?' First because of what

Coleman did to Mother, and second because in Walter's eyes there

THE PURIFYING RITUAL

was a fight to fight then, and Coleman didn't want to fight it—for

those reasons alone, I most certainly cannot. Though don't think

that over the years I haven't tried. Because Walter, in fact, is not a

harsh man. You want to hear about my brother Walter? In 1944

Walter was a twenty-one-year-old rifleman with a colored infantry

company. He was with another soldier from his outfit. They were

on a ridge in Belgium overlooking a valley that was cut through by

railroad tracks. They saw a German soldier walking east along the

tracks. He had a small bag slung over his shoulder and he was whistling.

The other soldier with Walter took aim. 'What the hell are

you doing?' Walter said to him. 'I'm going to kill him.' 'Why? Stop!

What's he doing? He's walking. He's probably walking home.' Walter

had to wrestle the rifle away from this fellow. A kid from South

Carolina. They went down the ridge and they stopped the German

and they took him prisoner. Turned out he was walking home. He

had a leave, and the only way he knew to get back to Germany was

to follow the railroad tracks east. And it was Walter who saved his

life. How many soldiers ever did that? My brother Walter is a determined

man who can be hard if he has to be, but he is also a human

being. It's because he's a human being that he believes that what you

do, you do to advance the race. And so I have tried with him, tried

sometimes by saying things to Walter that I only half believe myself.

Coleman was a part of his time, I tell him. Coleman couldn't

wait to go through civil rights to get to his human rights, and so he

skipped a step. 'See him historically,' I say to Walt. 'You're a history

teacher—see him as a part of something larger.' I've told him, 'Neither

of you just submitted to what you were given. Both of you are

fighters and both of you fought. You did battle your way and Coleman

did battle his.' But that is a line of reasoning that has never

worked with Walter. Nothing has ever worked. That was Coleman's

way of becoming a man, I tell him—but he will not buy that. To

Walt, that was Coleman's way of not becoming a man. 'Sure,' he says

to me, 'sure. Your brother is more or less as he would have been, except

he would have been black. Except? Except? That except would

have changed everything.' Walt cannot see Coleman other than the

THE HUMAN STAIN

way he always has. And what can I do about that, Mr. Zuckerman?

Hate my brother Walt for what he did to Coleman by freezing our

family in time like that? Hate my brother Coleman for what he did

to Mother, for how he made the poor woman suffer down to the

very last day of her life? Because if I'm going to hate my two brothers,

why stop there? Why not hate my father for all the things that

he did wrong? Why not hate my late husband? I was not married to

a saint, I can assure you. I loved my husband, but I have clear vision.

And what about my son? There's a boy it would not be at all hard to

hate. He goes out of his way to make it easy for you. But the danger

with hatred is, once you start in on it, you get a hundred times

more than you bargained for. Once you start, you can't stop. I don't

know anything harder to control than hating. Easier to kick drinking

than to master hate. And that is saying something."

"Did you know before today," I asked her, "why it was that Coleman

had resigned from the college?"

"I did not. I thought he'd reached a retirement age."

"He never told you."

"No."

"So you couldn't know what Keble was talking about."

"Not entirely."

So I told her about the spooks business, told her that whole story

then, and when I was finished she shook her head and said, straight

out, "I don't believe I've ever heard of anything more foolish being

perpetrated by an institution of higher learning. It sounds to me

more like a hotbed of ignorance. To persecute a college professor,

whoever he is, whatever color he might be, to insult him, to dishonor

him, to rob him of his authority and his dignity and his prestige

for something as stupid and trivial as that. I am my father's

daughter, Mr. Zuckerman, the daughter of a father who was a stickler

for words, and with every passing day, the words that I hear spoken

strike me as less and less of a description of what things really

are. Sounds from what you've told me that anything is possible in a

college today. Sounds like the people there forgot what it is to teach.

Sounds like what they do is something closer to buffoonery. Every

THE PURIFYING RITUAL

time has its reactionary authorities, and here at Athena they are apparently

riding high. One has to be so terribly frightened of every

word one uses? What ever happened to the First Amendment of the

Constitution of the United States of America? In my childhood, as

in yours, it was recommended that each student who graduated

from high school in New Jersey get at graduation two things: a diploma

and a copy of the Constitution. Do you recall that? You had

to take a year of American history and a semester of economics—

as, of course, you have to no longer: 'have to' is just gone out of the

curriculum. At graduation it was traditional in many of our schools

in those days for the principal to hand you your diploma and

somebody else to give you a copy of the Constitution of the United

States. So few people today have a reasonably clear understanding

of the Constitution of the United States. But here in America, as far

as I can see, it's just getting more foolish by the hour. All these colleges

starting these remedial programs to teach kids what they

should have learned in the ninth grade. In East Orange High they

stopped long ago reading the old classics. They haven't even heard

of Moby-Dick, much less read it. Youngsters were coming to me the

year I retired, telling me that for Black History Month they would

only read a biography of a black by a black. What difference, I

would ask them, if it's a black author or it's a white author? I'm impatient

with Black History Month altogether. I liken having a Black

History Month in February and concentrating study on that to

milk that's just about to go sour. You can still drink it, but it just

doesn't taste right. If you're going to study and find out about Matthew

Henson, then it seems to me that you do Matthew Henson

when you do other explorers."

"I don't know who Matthew Henson is," I said to Ernestine, wondering

if Coleman had known, if he had wanted to know, if not

wanting to know was one of the reasons he had made his decision.

"Mr. Zuckerman . . . " she said, gently enough, but to shame me

nonetheless.

"Mr. Zuckerman was not exposed to Black History Month as a

youngster," I said.

THE HUMAN STAIN

"Who discovered the North Pole?" she asked me.

I suddenly liked her enormously, and the more so the more pedantically

teacherish she became. Though for different reasons, I

was beginning to like her as much as I had liked her brother. And I

saw now that if you'd put them side by side, it wouldn't have been at

all difficult to tell what Coleman was. Everyone knows... Oh, stupid,

stupid, stupid Delphine Roux. One's truth is known to no one,

and frequently—as in Delphine's very own case—to oneself least of

all. "I forget whether it was Peary or Cook," I said. "I forget which

one got to the North Pole first."

"Well, Henson got there before him. When it was reported in the

New York Times, he was given full credit. But now when they write

the history, all you hear about is Peary. It would have been the same

sort of thing if Sir Edmund Hillary were said to have gotten to the

top of Mount Everest and you didn't hear a word about Tenzing

Norkay. My point," said Ernestine, in her element now, all professional

correctitude and instruction—and, unlike Coleman, everything

her father ever wanted her to be—"my point is, if you have a

course on health and whatever, then you do Dr. Charles Drew.

You've heard of him?"

"No."

"Shame on you, Mr. Zuckerman. I'll tell you in a minute. But you

do Dr. Drew when you have health. You don't put him in February.

You understand what I mean?"

"Yes."

"You learn about them when you study explorers and health

people and all the other people. But everything there now is black

this and black that. I let it wash over me the best I could, but it

wasn't easy. Years ago, East Orange High was excellent. Kids coming

out of East Orange High, especially out of the honors program,

would have their choice of colleges. Oh, don't get me started on this

subject. What happened to Coleman with that word 'spooks' is all

a part of the same enormous failure. In my parents' day and well

into yours and mine, it used to be the person who fell short. Now

it's the discipline. Reading the classics is too difficult, therefore it's

THE PURIFYING RITUAL

the classics that are to blame. Today the student asserts his incapacity

as a privilege. I can't learn it, so there is something wrong with it.

And there is something especially wrong with the bad teacher who

wants to teach it. There are no more criteria, Mr. Zuckerman, only

opinions. I often wrestle with this question of what everything used

to be. What education used to be. What East Orange High used to

be. What East Orange used to be. Urban renewal destroyed East Orange,

there's no doubt in my mind. They—the city fathers—talked

about all the great things that were going to happen because of this

urban renewal. It scared the merchants to death and the merchants

left, and the more the merchants left, the less business there was.

Then 280 and the parkway cut our little town in quarters. The parkway

eliminated Jones Street—the center of our colored community

the parkway eliminated altogether. Then 280. A devastating intrusion.

What that did to that community! Because the highway had to

come through, the nice houses along Oraton Parkway, Elmwood

Avenue, Maple Avenue, the state just bought them up and they disappeared

overnight. I used to be able to do all my Christmas shopping

on Main Street. Well, Main Street and Central Avenue. Central

Avenue was called the Fifth Avenue of the Oranges then. You

know what we've got today? We've got a ShopRite. And we've got a

Dunkin' Donuts. And there was a Domino's Pizza, but they closed.

Now they've got another food place. And there's a cleaners. But you

can't compare quality. It's not the same. In all honesty, I drive up

the hill to West Orange to shop. But I didn't then. There was no reason

to. Every night when we went out to walk the dog, I'd go with

my husband, unless the weather was real bad—walk to Central Avenue,

which is two blocks, then down Central Avenue for four

blocks, cross over, then window-shop back, and home. There was a

B. Altman. A Russek's. There was a Black, Starr, and Gorham. There

was a Bachrach, the photographer. A very nice men's store, Minks,

that was Jewish, that was over on Main Street. Two theaters. There

was the Hollywood Theater on Central Avenue. There was the

Palace Theater on Main Street. All of life was there in little East

Orange..."

THE HUMAN STAIN

All of life was there in East Orange. And when? Before. Before

urban renewal. Before the classics were abandoned. Before they

stopped giving out the Constitution to high school graduates. Before

there were remedial classes in the colleges teaching kids what

they should have learned in ninth grade. Before Black History

Month. Before they built the parkway and brought in 280. Before

they persecuted a college professor for saying "spooks" to his class.

Before she drove up the hill to West Orange to shop. Before everything

changed, including Coleman Silk. That's when it all was different

—before. And, she lamented, it will never be the same again,

not in East Orange or anywhere else in America.

At four, when I started out of my drive for the College Arms,

where she was staying, the afternoon light was ratcheting rapidly

down and the day, heavy now with fearsome clouds, had turned

into gusty November. That morning they'd buried Coleman—and

the morning before buried Faunia—in springlike weather, but now

everything was intent on announcing winter. And winter twelve

hundred feet up. Here it comes.

The impulse I had then, to tell Ernestine about the summer day

a mere four months earlier when Coleman had driven me out to

the dairy farm to watch Faunia do the five o'clock milking in the

late afternoon heat—that is, to watch him watching Faunia do the

milking—did not require much wisdom to suppress. Whatever was

missing from Ernestine's sense of Coleman's life, she was not driven

to discover. Intelligent as she was, she hadn't asked a single question

about how he had lived out his last months, let alone about what

might have caused him to die in the circumstance he did; good and

virtuous woman that she was, she preferred not to contemplate the

specific details of his destruction. Nor did she wish to inquire into

any biographical connection between the injunction to revolt that

had severed him from his family in his twenties and the furious determination,

some forty years on, with which he had disassociated

himself from Athena, as its pariah and renegade. Not that I was sure

there was any connection, any circuitry looping the one decision to

THE PURIFYING RITUAL

the other, but we could try to look and see, couldn't we? How did

such a man as Coleman come to exist? What is it that he was? Was

the idea he had for himself of lesser validity or of greater validity

than someone else's idea of what he was supposed to be? Can such

things even be known? But the concept of life as something whose

purpose is concealed, of custom as something that may not allow

for thought, of society as dedicated to a picture of itself that may be

badly flawed, of an individual as real apart and beyond the social

determinants defining him, which may indeed be what to him seem

most unreal—in short, every perplexity pumping the human imagination

seemed to lie somewhat outside her own unswerving allegiance

to a canon of time-honored rules.

"I have not read any of your books," she told me in the car. "I

tend to lean toward mysteries these days, and English mysteries. But

when I get home, I plan to take out something of yours."

"You haven't told me who Dr. Charles Drew was."

"Dr. Charles Drew," she told me, "discovered how to prevent

blood from clotting so it could be banked. Then he was injured in

an automobile accident, and the hospital that was nearest would

not take colored, and he died by bleeding to death."

That was the whole of our conversation during the twenty minutes

it took to drive down the mountain and into town. The torrent

of disclosure was over. Ernestine had said all there was to say.

With the result that the harshly ironic fate of Dr. Drew took on a

significance—a seemingly special relevance to Coleman and his

harshly ironic fate—that was no less disturbing for being imponderable.

I couldn't imagine anything that could have made Coleman

more of a mystery to me than this unmasking. Now that I knew everything,

it was as though I knew nothing, and instead of what I'd

learned from Ernestine unifying my idea of him, he became not

just an unknown but an uncohesive person. In what proportion, to

what degree, had his secret determined his daily life and permeated

his everyday thinking? Did it alter over the years from being a hot

THE HUMAN STAIN

secret to being a cool secret to being a forgotten secret of no importance,

something having to do with a dare he'd taken, a wager made

to himself way back when? Did he get, from his decision, the adventure

he was after, or was the decision in itself the adventure? Was it

the misleading that provided his pleasure, the carrying off of the

stunt that he liked best, the traveling through life incognito, or had

he simply been closing the door to a past, to people, to a whole race

that he wanted nothing intimate or official to do with? Was it the

social obstruction that he wished to sidestep? Was he merely being

another American and, in the great frontier tradition, accepting the

democratic invitation to throw your origins overboard if to do so

contributes to the pursuit of happiness? Or was it more than that?

Or was it less? How petty were his motives? How pathological? And

suppose they were both—what of it? And suppose they weren't—

what of that? By the time I met him, was the secret merely the tincture

barely tinting the coloration of the man's total being or was the

totality of his being nothing but a tincture in the shoreless sea of a

lifelong secret? Did he ever relax his vigilance, or was it like being a

fugitive forever? Did he ever get over the fact that he couldn't get

over the fact that he was pulling it off—that he could meet the

world with his strength intact after doing what he had done, that he

could appear to everyone, as he did appear, to be so easily at home

in his own skin? Assume that, yes, at a certain point the balance

shifted toward the new life and the other one receded, but did he

ever completely get over the fear of exposure and the sense that he

was going to be found out? When he had come to me first, crazed

with the sudden loss of his wife, the murder of his wife as he conceived

it, the formidable wife with whom he'd always struggled

but to whom his devotion once again became profound in the instant

of her death, when he came barging through my door in the

clutches of the mad idea that because of her death I should write

his book for him, was his lunacy not itself in the nature of a coded

confession? Spooks! To be undone by a word that no one even

speaks anymore. To hang him on that was, for Coleman, to banalize

everything—the elaborate clockwork of his lie, the beautiful cali-

THE PURIFYING RITUAL

bration of his deceit, everything. Spooks! The ridiculous trivialization

of this masterly performance that had been his seemingly

conventional, singularly subtle life—a life of little, if anything excessive

on the surface because all the excess goes into the secret. No

wonder the accusation of racism blew him sky high. As though his

accomplishment were rooted in nothing but shame. No wonder all

the accusations blew him sky high. His crime exceeded anything

and everything they wanted to lay on him. He said "spooks," he

has a girlfriend half his age—it's all kid stuff. Such pathetic, such

petty, such ridiculous transgressions, so much high school yammering

to a man who, on his trajectory outward, had, among other

things, done what he'd had to do to his mother, to go there and,

in behalf of his heroic conception of his life, to tell her, "It's over.

This love affair is over. You're no longer my mother and never

were." Anybody who has the audacity to do that doesn't just want

to be white. He wants to be able to do that. It has to do with more

than just being blissfully free. It's like the savagery in The Iliad,

Coleman's favorite book about the ravening spirit of man. Each

murder there has its own quality, each a more brutal slaughter than

the last.

And yet, after that, he had the system beat. After that, he'd done

it: never again lived outside the protection of the walled city that is

convention. Or, rather, lived, at the same moment, entirely within

and, surreptitiously, entirely beyond, entirely shut out—that was

the fullness of his particular life as a created self. Yes, he'd had it

beat for so very long, right down to all the kids being born white—

and then he didn't. Blindsided by the uncontrollability of something

else entirely. The man who decides to forge a distinct historical

destiny, who sets out to spring the historical lock, and who does

so, brilliantly succeeds at altering his personal lot, only to be ensnared

by the history he hadn't quite counted on: the history that

isn't yet history, the history that the clock is now ticking off, the

history proliferating as I write, accruing a minute at a time and

grasped better by the future than it will ever be by us. The we that is

inescapable: the present moment, the common lot, the current

THE HUMAN STAIN

mood, the mind of one's country, the stranglehold of history that is

one's own time. Blindsided by the terrifyingly provisional nature of

everything.

When we reached South Ward Street and I parked the car outside

the College Arms, I said, "I'd like to meet Walter sometime. I'd like

to talk to Walter about Coleman."

"Walter hasn't mentioned Coleman's name since nineteen hundred

and fifty-six. He won't talk about Coleman. As white a college

as there was in New England, and that's where Coleman made his

career. As white a subject as there was in the curriculum, and that's

what Coleman chose to teach. To Walter, Coleman is more white

than the whites. There is nothing beyond that for him to say."

"Will you tell him Coleman's dead? Will you tell him where

you've been?"

"No. Not unless he asks."

"Will you contact Coleman's children?"

"Why would I?" she asked. "It was for Coleman to tell them. It's

not up to me."

"Why did you tell me, then?"

"I didn't tell you. You introduced yourself at the cemetery. You

said to me, 'You're Coleman's sister.' I said yes. I simply spoke the

truth. I'm not the one with something to hide." This was as severe

as she had been with me all afternoon—and with Coleman. Till

that moment she had balanced herself scrupulously between the

ruination of the mother and the outrage of the brother.

Here she drew a wallet out of her handbag. She unfolded the wallet

to show me one of the snapshots that were tucked into a plastic

sleeve. "My parents," she said. "After World War I. He'd just come

back from France."

Two young people in front of a brick stoop, the petite young

woman in a large hat and a long summer dress and the tall young

man in his full-dress army uniform, with visored cap, leather bandoleer,

leather gloves, and high sleek leather boots. They were pale

THE PURIFYING RITUAL

but they were Negroes. How could you tell they were Negroes? By

little more than that they had nothing to hide.

"Handsome young fellow. Especially in that outfit," I said.

"Could be a cavalry uniform."

"Straight infantry," she said.

"Your mother I can't see as well. Your mother's a bit shaded by

the hat."

"One can do only so much to control one's life," Ernestine said,

and with that, a summary statement as philosophically potent as

any she cared to make, she returned the wallet to her handbag,

thanked me for lunch, and, gathering herself almost visibly back

into that orderly, ordinary existence that rigorously distanced itself

from delusionary thinking, whether white or black or in between,

she left the car. Instead of my then heading home, I drove crosstown

to the cemetery and, after parking on the street, walked in

through the gate, and not quite knowing what was happening,

standing in the falling darkness beside the uneven earth mound

roughly heaped over Coleman's coffin, I was completely seized by

his story, by its end and by its beginning, and, then and there, I began

this book.

I began by wondering what it had been like when Coleman had

told Faunia the truth about that beginning—assuming that he ever

had; assuming, that is, that he had to have. Assuming that what he

could not outright say to me on the day he burst in all but shouting,

"Write my story, damn you!" and what he could not say to me when

he had to abandon (because of the secret, I now realized) writing

the story himself, he could not in the end resist confessing to her, to

the college cleaning woman who'd become his comrade-in-arms,

the first and last person since Ellie Magee for whom he could strip

down and turn around so as to expose, protruding from his naked

back, the mechanical key by which he had wound himself up to

set off on his great escapade. Ellie, before her Steena, and finally

Faunia. The only woman never to know his secret is the woman he

spent his life with, his wife. Why Faunia? As it is a human thing to

THE HUMAN STAIN

have a secret, it is also a human thing, sooner or later, to reveal it.

Even, as in this case, to a woman who doesn't ask questions, who,

you would think, would be quite a gift to a man in possession of

just such a secret. But even to her—especially to her. Because her

not asking questions isn't because she's dumb or doesn't want to

face things; her not asking him questions is, in Coleman's eyes, at

one with her devastated dignity.

"I admit that may not be at all correct," I said to my utterly transformed

friend, "I admit that none of it may be. But here goes anyway:

when you were trying to find out if she'd been a hooker ...

when you were trying to uncover her secret. . ." Out there at his

grave, where everything he ever was would appear to have been

canceled out by the weight and mass of all that dirt if by nothing

else, I waited and I waited for him to speak until at last I heard him

asking Faunia what was the worst job she'd ever had. Then I waited

again, waited some more, until little by little I picked up the sassy

vibrations of that straight-out talk that was hers. And that is how

all this began: by my standing alone in a darkening graveyard and

entering into professional competition with death.

"After the kids, after the fire," I heard her telling him, "I was taking

any job I could. I didn't know what I was doing back then. I was

in a fog. Well, there was this suicide," Faunia said. "This was up in

the woods outside of Blackwell. With a shotgun. Bird shot. Body

was gone. A woman I knew, this boozer, Sissie, called me to come

up and help her. She was going up there to clean the place out. 'I

know this is going to sound odd,' Sissie says to me, 'but I know you

have a strong stomach and you can handle things. Can you help me

do this?' There was a man and woman living there, and their children,

and they had an argument, and he went in the other room

and blew his brains out. 'I'm going up there to clean it out,' Sissie

says, so I went up there with her. I needed the money, and I didn't

know what I was doing anyway, so I went. The smell of death.

That's what I remember. Metallic. Blood. The smell. It came out

only when we started cleaning. You couldn't get the full effect until

the warm water hit the blood. This place is a log cabin. Blood on

THE PURIFYING RITUAL

the walls everywhere. Ba-boom, he's all over the walls, all over everything.

Once the warm water and disinfectant hit it. . . whew. I

had rubber gloves, I had to put on a mask, because even / couldn't

take this anymore. Also chunks of bone on the wall, stuck in with

the blood. Put the gun in his mouth. Ba-boom. Tendency to get

bone and teeth out there too. Seeing it. There it all was. I remember

looking at Sissie. I looked at her and she was shaking her head.

'Why the fuck are we doing this for any amount of money?' We

finished the job as best we could. A hundred dollars an hour. Which

I still don't think was enough."

"What would have been the right price?" I heard Coleman asking

Faunia.

"A thousand. Burn the fucking place down. There was no right

price. Sissie went outside. She couldn't handle it anymore. But me,

two little kids dead, maniac Lester following me everywhere, on my

case day and night, who cares? I started snooping. Because I can be

that way. I wanted to know why the hell this guy had done it. It's always

fascinated me. Why people kill themselves. Why there are

mass murderers. Death in general. Just fascinating. Looked at the

pictures. Looked if there was any happiness there. Looked at the

whole place. Until I got to the medicine cabinet. The drugs. The

bottles. No happiness there. His own little pharmacy. I figure psychiatric

drugs. Stuff that should have been taken and hadn't. It

was clear that he was trying to get help, but he couldn't do it. He

couldn't take the medication."

"How do you know this?" Coleman asked.

"I'm assuming. I don't know. This is my own story. This is my

story."

"Maybe he took the stuff and he killed himself anyway."

"Could be," she said. "The blood. Blood sticks. You could not

possibly get the blood off the floor. Towel after towel after towel.

Still had that color. Eventually it turned more and more a salmon

color, but you still couldn't get it out. Like something still alive.

Heavy-duty disinfectant—didn't help. Metallic. Sweet. Sickening. I

don't gag. Put my mind above it. But I came close."

THE HUMAN STAIN

"How long did it take?" he asked her.

"We were there for about five hours. I was playing amateur detective.

He was in his mid-thirties. I don't know what he did. Salesman

or something. He was a woodsy-type personality. Mountain

type. Big beard. Bushy hair. She was petite. Sweet face. Light skin.

Dark hair. Dark eyes. Very mousy. Intimidated. This is only what

I'm getting from the pictures. He was the big strong mountain type

and she's this little mousy person. I don't know. But I want to know.

I was an emancipated minor. Dropped out of school. I could not go

to school. Aside from everything else, it was boring. All this real

stuff was happening in people's houses. Sure as shit happening in

my house. How could I go to school and learn what the capital of

Nebraska was? I wanted to know. I wanted to get out and look

around. That's why I went to Florida, and that's how I wound up

all over, and that's why I snooped about that house. Just to look

around. I wanted to know the worst. What is the worst? You know?

She was there at the time he did it. By the time we got there, she was

under psychiatric care."

"Is that the worst thing you've ever had to do? The worst work

you've ever had to do?"

"Grotesque. Yes. I've seen a lot of stuff. But that thing—it wasn't

that it was only grotesque. On the other hand, it was fascinating. I

wanted to know why."

She wanted to know what is the worst. Not the best, the worst. By

which she meant the truth. What is the truth? So he told it to her.

First woman since Ellie to find out. First anyone since Ellie. Because

he loved her at that moment, imagining her scrubbing the blood. It

was the closest he ever felt to her. Could it be? It was the closest

Coleman ever felt to anyone! He loved her. Because that is when

you love somebody—when you see them being game in the face of

the worst. Not courageous. Not heroic. Just game. He had no reservations

about her. None. It was beyond thinking or calculating. It

was instinctive. A few hours later it might turn out to be a very bad

idea, but at that moment, no. He trusts her—that's what it is. He

THE PURIFYING RITUAL

trusts her: she scrubbed the blood off the floor. She's not religious,

she's not sanctimonious, she is not deformed by the fairy tale of purity,

whatever other perversions may have disfigured her. She's not

interested in judging—she's seen too much for all that shit. She's

not going to run away like Steena, whatever I say. "What would you

think," he asked her, "if I told you I wasn't a white man?"

At first she just looked at him, if stupefied, stupefied for a split

second and no more. Then she started laughing, burst into the

laughter that was her trademark. "What would I think? I would

think you were telling me something that I figured out a long time

ago."

"That isn't so."

"Oh, isn't it? I know what you are. I lived down south. I met 'em

all. Sure, I know. Why else could I possibly like you so much? Because

you're a college professor? I'd go out of my mind if that was

you."

"I don't believe you, Faunia."

"Suit yourself," she said. "You done with your inquiry?"

"What inquiry?"

"About the worst job I ever had."

"Sure," he said. And then waited for her inquiry about his not being

white. But it never came. She didn't really seem to care. And she

didn't run away. When he told her the whole story, she listened all

right, but not because she found it incredible or unbelievable or

even strange—it certainly wasn't reprehensible. No. It sounded just

like life to her.

In February, I got a call from Ernestine, maybe because it was Black

History Month and she remembered having to identify for me

Matthew Henson and Dr. Charles Drew. Maybe she was thinking

that it was time for her to take up again my education in race,

touching particularly on everything that Coleman had cut himself

off from, a full-to-the-brimming ready-made East Orange world,

four square miles rich in the most clinging creaturely detail, the

solid, lyrical bedrock of a successful boyhood, all the safeguards,

THE HUMAN STAIN

the allegiances, the battles, the legitimacy simply taken for granted,

nothing theoretical about it, nothing specious or illusory about

it—all the blissful stuff of a happy beginning throbbing with excitement

and common sense that her brother Coleman had blotted

out.

To my surprise, after telling me that Walter Silk and his wife

would be up from Asbury Park on Sunday, she said that, if I didn't

mind driving to Jersey, I was welcome to come for Sunday dinner.

"You wanted to meet Walt. And I thought you might like to see

the house. There are photograph albums. There's Coleman's room,

where Coleman and Walter slept. The twin beds are still there. It

was my boy's room after them, but the same maple frames are still

right there."

I was being invited to see the Family Silk plenty that Coleman

jettisoned, as though it were his bondage, in order to live within a

sphere commensurate with his sense of his scale—in order to become

somebody other, somebody who suited him, and make his

destiny by being subjugated by something else. Jettisoned it all, the

whole ramified Negro thing, thinking that he could not displace it

by any other means. So much yearning, so much plotting and passion

and subtlety and dissembling, all of it feeding the hunger to

leave the house and be transformed.

To become a new being. To bifurcate. The drama that underlies

America's story, the high drama that is upping and leaving—and

the energy and cruelty that rapturous drive demands.

Td like to come," I said.

"I can't guarantee anything," she said. "But you're a grown man.

You can look after yourself."

I laughed. "What are you telling me?"

"Walter may be getting up on eighty, but he is still a large and

roaring furnace. What he says you're not going to like."

"About whites?"

"About Coleman. About the calculating liar. About the heartless

son. About the traitor to his race."

"You told him he was dead."

THE PURIFYING RITUAL

"I decided to. Yes, I told Walter. We're a family. I told him everything."

A few days later, a photograph arrived in the mail with a note

from Ernestine: "I came upon this and thought of our visit. Please

keep it, if you like, as a memento of your friend Coleman Silk." It

was a faded black-and-white photograph measuring about four by

five inches, a blown-up snapshot, more than likely taken originally

in somebody's backyard with a Brownie box camera, of Coleman as

the fighting machine that his opponent will find facing him when

the bell sounds. He couldn't have been more than fifteen, though

with those small carved features that in the man had been so engagingly

boyish looking mannishly adult in the boy. He sports, like a

pro, the whammy glare, the unwavering gaze of the prowling carnivore,

everything eradicated but the appetite for victory and the

finesse to destroy. That look is level, issuing straight out of him like

a command, even while the sharp little chin is steeply tucked into

the skinny shoulder. His gloves are at the ready in the classic position

—out in front as though loaded not merely with fists but with

all the momentum of his one and a half decades—and each is

larger in circumference than his face. One gets the subliminal sense

of a kid with three heads. I am a boxer, the menacing pose cockily

announces, I don't knock 'em out—I cut 'em up. I outclass 'em till

they stop the fight. Unmistakably the brother she had christened Mr.

Determined; indeed, "Mr. Determined," in what must have been

Ernestine's girlhood hand, was inscribed in faint blue fountain-pen

ink across the back of the picture.

She's something too, I thought, and found a clear plastic frame

for the boy boxer and set him on my writing desk. The audacity of

that family did not begin and end with Coleman. It's a bold gift, I

thought, from a deceptively bold woman. I wondered what she had

in mind by inviting me to the house. I wondered what I might have

in mind by accepting the invitation. Strange to think that Coleman's

sister and I had been taken so by each other's company—

though strange only if you remembered that everything about

Coleman was ten, twenty, a hundred thousand times stranger.

THE HUMAN STAIN

Ernestine's invitation, Coleman's photograph—this was how I

came to set out for East Orange on the first February Sunday after

the Senate had voted not to remove Bill Clinton from office, and

how I came to be on a remote mountain road that ordinarily I

never take on my local back-and-forth driving but that serves as a

shortcut from my house to Route 7. And that was how I came to

notice, parked at the edge of a wide field I would otherwise have

shot right by, the dilapidated gray pickup truck with the POW/MIA

bumper sticker that, I was sure, had to be Les Farley's. I saw that

pickup, somehow knew it was his, and unable just to keep on going,

incapable of recording its presence and continuing on, I braked to a

halt. I backed up until my car was in front of his, and, at the side of

the road, I parked.

I suppose I was never altogether convinced that I was doing what

I was doing—otherwise how could I have done it?—but it was by

then nearly three months during which time Coleman Silk's life

had become closer to me than my own, and so it was unthinkable

that I should be anywhere other than there in the cold, atop that

mountain, standing with my gloved hand on the hood of the very

vehicle that had come barreling down the wrong side of the road

and sent Coleman swerving through the guardrail and, with Faunia

beside him, into the river on the evening before his seventy-second

birthday. If this was the murder weapon, the murderer couldn't be

far away.

When I realized where I was headed—and thought again of how

surprising it was to hear from Ernestine, to be asked to meet Walter,

to be thinking all day and often into the night about someone I'd

known for less than a year and never as the closest of friends—

the course of events seemed logical enough. This is what happens

when you write books. There's not just something that drives you

to find out everything—something begins putting everything in

your path. There is suddenly no such thing as a back road that

doesn't lead headlong into your obsession.

And so you do what I was doing. Coleman, Coleman, Coleman,

you who are now no one now run my existence. Of course you

THE PURIFYING RITUAL

could not write the book. You'd written the book—the book was

your life. Writing personally is exposing and concealing at the same

time, but with you it could only be concealment and so it would

never work. Your book was your life—and your art? Once you set

the thing in motion, your art was being a white man. Being, in your

brother's words, "more white than the whites." That was your singular

act of invention: every day you woke up to be what you had

made yourself.

There was hardly any snow left on the ground, only patches of it

cobwebbing the stubble of the open field, no trail to follow, so I

started bang across to the other side, where there was a thin wall of

trees, and through the trees I could see another field, so I kept going

until I reached the second field, and I crossed that, and through another,

a deeper wall of trees, thick with high evergreens, and there

at the other side was the shining eye of a frozen lake, oval and

pointed at either end, with snow-freckled brownish hills rising all

around it and the mountains, caressable-looking, curving away in

the distance. Having walked some five hundred yards from the

road, I'd intruded upon—no, trespassed upon; it was almost an

unlawful sense that I had... I'd trespassed upon a setting as

pristine, I would think, as unviolated, as serenely unspoiled, as

envelops any inland body of water in New England. It gave you an

idea, as such places do—as they're cherished for doing—of what

the world was like before the advent of man. The power of nature

is sometimes very calming, and this was a calming place, calling a

halt to your trivial thinking without, at the same time, overawing

you with reminders of the nothingness of a life span and the

vastness of extinction. It was all on a scale safely this side of the

sublime. A man could absorb the beauty into his being without

feeling belittled or permeated by fear.

Almost midway out on the ice there was a solitary figure in

brown coveralls and a black cap seated on a low yellow bucket,

bending over an ice hole with an abbreviated fishing rod in his

gloved hands. I didn't step onto the ice until I saw that he'd looked

up and spotted me. I didn't want to come upon him unawares, or in

THE HUMAN STAIN

any way look as though I intended to, not if the fisherman really

was Les Farley. If this was Les Farley, he wasn't someone you

wanted to take by surprise.

Of course I thought about turning back. I thought about heading

back to the road, about getting into my car, about proceeding

on to Route 7 South and down through Connecticut to 684 and

from there onto the Garden State Parkway. I thought about getting

a look at Coleman's bedroom. I thought about getting a look at

Coleman's brother, who, for what Coleman did, could not stop hating

him even after his death. I thought about that and nothing else

all the way across the ice to get my look at Coleman's killer. Right

up to the point where I said, "Hi. How's it goin'?" I thought: Steal

up on him or don't steal up on him, it makes no difference. You're

the enemy either way. On this empty, ice-whitened stage, the only

enemy.

"The fish biting?" I said.

"Oh, not too good, not too bad." He did no more than glance my

way before focusing his attention back on the ice hole, one of

twelve or fifteen identical holes cut into rock-hard ice and spread

randomly across some forty or so square feet of lake. Most likely the

holes had been drilled by the device that was lying just a few steps

away from his yellow bucket, which was itself really a seven-gallon

detergent pail. The drilling device consisted of a metal shaft about

four feet long ending in a wide, cylindrical length of corkscrew

blade, a strong, serious boring tool whose imposing bit—rotated by

turning the cranked handle at the top—glittered like new in the

sunlight. An auger.

"It serves its purpose," he mumbled. "Passes the time."

It was as though I weren't the first but more like the fiftieth person

who'd happened out on the ice midway across a lake five hundred

yards from a backcountry road in the rural highlands to ask

about the fishing. As he wore a black wool watch cap pulled low on

his forehead and down over his ears, and as he sported a dark, graying

chin beard and a thickish mustache, there was only a narrow

band of face on display. If it was remarkable in any way, that was

THE PURIFYING RITUAL

because of its broadness—on the horizontal axis, an open oblong

plain of a face. His dark eyebrows were long and thick, his eyes were

blue and noticeably widely spaced, while centered above the mustache

was the unsprouted, bridgeless nose of a kid. In just this

band of himself Farley exposed between the whiskered muzzle

and the woolen cap, all kinds of principles were at work, geometric

and psychological both, and none seemed congruent with the

others.

"Beautiful spot," I said.

"Why I'm here."

"Peaceful."

"Close to God," he said.

"Yes? You feel that?"

Now he shed the outer edge, the coating of his inwardness, shed

something of the mood in which I'd caught him, and looked as if

he were ready to link up with me as more than just a meaningless

distraction. His posture didn't change—still very much fishing

rather than gabbing—but at least a little of the antisocial aura was

dissipated by a richer, more ruminative voice than I would have expected.

Thoughtful, you might even call it, though in a drastically

impersonal way.

"It's way up on top of a mountain," he said. "There's no houses

anywhere. No dwellings. There's no cottages on the lake." After each

declaration, a brooding pause—declarative observation, supercharged

silence. It was anybody's guess, at the end of a sentence,

whether or not he was finished with you. "Don't have a lot of activity

out here. Don't have a lot of noise. Thirty acres of lake about.

None of those guys with their power augers. None of their noise

and the stink of their gasoline. Seven hundred acres of just open

good land and woods. It's just a beautiful area. Just peace and quiet.

And clean. It's a clean place. Away from all the hustle and bustle and

craziness that goes on." Finally the upward glance to take me in. To

assess me. A quick look that was ninety percent opaque and unreadable

and ten percent alarmingly transparent. I couldn't see

where there was any humor in this man.

THE HUMAN STAIN

"As long as I can keep it secret," he said, "it'll stay the way it is."

"True enough," I said.

"They live in cities. They live in the hustle and bustle of the work

routine. The craziness goin' to work. The craziness at work. The

craziness comin' home from work. The traffic. The congestion.

They're caught up in that. I'm out of it."

I hadn't to ask who "they" were. I might live far from any city, I

might not own a power auger, but I was they, we all were they, everyone

but the man hunkered down on this lake jiggling the shortish

fishing rod in his hand and talking into a hole in the ice, by

choice communicating less with me—as they—than to the frigid

water beneath us.

"Maybe a hiker'll come through here, or a cross-country skier, or

someone like you. Spots my vehicle, somehow they spot me out

here, so they'll come my way, and seems like when you're out on the

ice—people like you who don't fish—" and here he looked up to

take in again, to divine, gnostically, my unpardonable theyness.

"I'm guessin' you don't fish."

"I don't. No. Saw your truck. Just driving around on a beautiful

day."

"Well, they're like you," he told me, as though there'd been no

uncertainty about me from the time I'd appeared on the shore.

"They'll always come over if they see a fisherman, and they're curious,

and they'll ask what he caught, you know. So what I'll do ..."

But here the mind appeared to come to a halt, stopped by his thinking,

What am I doing? What the hell am I going on about? When he

started up again, my heart all at once started racing with fear. Now

that his fishing has been ruined, I thought, he's decided to have

some fun with me. He's into his act now. He's out of the fishing and

into being Les and all the many things that is and is not.

"So what I'll do," he resumed, "if I have fish layin' on the ice, I'll

do what I did when I saw you. I'll pick all the fish up right away that

I caught and I'll put 'em in a plastic bag and put 'em in my bucket,

the bucket I'm sittin' on. So now the fish are concealed. And when

the people come over and say, 'How are they bitin',' I say, 'Nothin'.

I

THE PURIFYING RITUAL

don't think there's anything in here.' I caught maybe thirty fish already.

Excellent day. But I'll tell 'em, 'Naw, I'm gettin' ready to leave.

I been here two hours and I haven't gotten a bite yet.' Every time

they'll just turn around and leave. They'll go somewhere else. And

they'll spread the word that that pond up there is no good. That's

how secret it is. Maybe I end up tending to be a little dishonest. But

this place is like the best-kept secret in the whole world."

"And now I know," I said. I saw that there was no possible way to

get him to laugh along conspiratorially at his dissembling with interlopers

like myself, no way I was going to get him to ease up by

smiling at what he'd said, and so I didn't try. I realized that though

nothing may have passed between us of a truly personal nature, by

his decision, if not mine, we two were further along than smiling

could help. I was in a conversation that, out in this remote, secluded,

frozen place, seemed suddenly to be of the greatest importance.

"I also know you're sitting on a slew of fish," I said. "In that

bucket. How many today?"

"Well, you look like a man who can keep a secret. About thirty,

thirty-five fish. Yeah, you look like an upright man. I think I recognize

you anyway. Aren't you the author?"

"That I am."

"Sure. I know where you live. Across from the swamp where the

heron is. Dumouchel's place. Dumouchel's cabin there."

"Dumouchel's who I bought it from. So tell me, since I'm a man

who can keep a secret, why are you sitting right here and not over

there? This whole big frozen lake. How'd you choose this one spot

to fish?" Even if he really wasn't doing everything he could to keep

me there, I seemed on my own to be doing everything I could not

to leave.

"Well, you never know," he told me. "You start out where you got

'em the last time. If you caught fish the last time, you always start

out at that spot."

"So that solves that. I always wondered." Go now, I thought.

That's all the conversation necessary. More than is necessary. But

the thought of who he was drew me on. The fact of him drew me

THE HUMAN STAIN

on. This was not speculation. This was not meditation. This was

not that way of thinking that is fiction writing. This was the thing

itself. The laws of caution that, outside my work, had ruled my life

so strictly for the last five years were suddenly suspended. I couldn't

turn back while crossing the ice and now I couldn't turn and flee.

It had nothing to do with courage. It had nothing to do with reason

or logic. Here he is. That's all it had to do with. That and my fear. In

his heavy brown coveralls and his black watch cap and his thicksoled

black rubber boots, with his two big hands in a hunter's (or a

soldier's) camouflage-colored fingertipless gloves, here is the man

who murdered Coleman and Faunia. I'm sure of it. They didn't

drive off the road and into the river. Here is the killer. He is the one.

How can I go?

"Fish always there?" I asked him. "When you return to your spot

from the time before?"

"No, sir. The fish move in schools. Underneath the ice. One day

they'll be at the north end of the pond, the next day they might be

at the south end of the pond. Maybe sometimes two times in a row

they'll be at that same spot. They'll still be there. What they tend to

do, the fish tend to school up and they don't move very much, because

the water's so cold. They're able to adjust to water temperature,

and the water being so cold, they don't move so much and

they don't require as much food. But if you get in an area where the

fish are schooled up, you will catch a lot of fish. But some days

you can go out in the same pond—you can never cover the entire

thing—so you might try about five or six different places, drill

holes, and never get a hit. Never catch a fish. You just didn't locate

the school. And so you just sit here."

"Close to God," I said.

"You got it."

His fluency—because it was the last thing I was expecting—fascinated

me, as did the thoroughness with which he was willing to

explain the life in a pond when the water's cold. How did he know I

was "the author"? Did he also know I was Coleman's friend? Did he

THE PURIFYING RITUAL

also know I was at Faunia's funeral? I supposed there were now as

many questions in his mind about me—and my mission here—as

there were in mine about him. This great bright arched space, this

cold aboveground vault of a mountaintop cradling at its peak a

largish oval of fresh water frozen hard as rock, the ancient activity

that is the life of a lake, that is the formation of ice, that is the metabolism

of fish, all the soundless, ageless forces unyieldingly working

away—it is as though we have encountered each other at the

top of the world, two hidden brains mistrustfully ticking, mutual

hatred and paranoia the only introspection there is anywhere.

"And so what do you think about," I asked, "if you don't get a

fish? What do you think about when they're not biting?"

"Tell you what I was just thinking about. I was thinking a lot of

things. I was thinking about Slick Willie. I was thinking about our

president—his freakin' luck. I was thinkin' about this guy who gets

off everything, and I was thinkin' about the guys who didn't get off

nothin'. Who didn't dodge the draft and didn't get off. It doesn't

seem right."

"Vietnam," I said.

"Yeah. We'd go up in the freakin' helicopters—in my second tour

I was a door gunner—and what I was thinking about was this one

time we went into North Vietnam to pick up these two pilots. I was

sitting out here thinking about that time. Slick Willie. That son of

a bitch. Thinkin' about that scumbag son of a bitch gettin' his

dick sucked in the Oval Office on the taxpayer's money, and then

thinkin' about these two pilots, they were on an air strike over Hanoi

harbor, these guys were hit real bad, and we picked up the signal

on the radio. We weren't even a rescue helicopter, but we were in

the vicinity, and they were giving a mayday that they were goin' to

bail out, because they were at the altitude point where if they didn't

bail out they were goin' to crash. We weren't even a rescue helicopter

—we were a gunship—we were just taking a chance that we

could save a couple of lives. We didn't even get permission to get up

there, we just went. You act on instinct like that. We just all agreed,

THE HUMAN STAIN

two door gunners, the pilot, the copilot, though the chances weren't

that good because we had no cover. But we went in anyway—to try

to pick 'em up."

He's telling me a war story, I thought. He knows he's doing it.

There's a point here that he's going to make. Something he wants

me to carry away with me, to the shore, to my car, to the house

whose location he knows and wishes me to understand that he

knows. To carry away as "the author"? Or as somebody else—

somebody who knows a secret of his that is even bigger than the secret

of this pond. He wants me to know that not many people have

seen what he's seen, been where he's been, done what he's done and,

if required to, can do again. He's murdered in Vietnam and he's

brought the murderer back with him to the Berkshires, back with

him from the country of war, the country of horror, to this completely

uncomprehending other place.

The auger out on the ice. The candor of the auger. There could

be no more solid embodiment of our hatred than the merciless

steel look of that auger out in the middle of nowhere.

"We figure, okay, we're gonna die, we're gonna die. So we went

up there and we homed in on their signals, we saw one parachute,

and we went down in the clearing, and we picked that guy up with

no trouble at all. He jumped right in, we dragged him right in and

took off, no opposition whatsoever. So we said to him, 'You have

any idea?' and he said, 'Well, he drifted off that way.' So we went up

in the air, but by then they knew we were there. We went over a little

farther looking for the other parachute, and all freakin' hell broke

loose. I'm telling you, it was unbelievable. We never picked up the

other guy. The helicopter was gettin' hit like you wouldn't believe it.

Ting ping ping boom. Machine guns. Ground fire. We just had to

turn around and get the hell out of there as fast as we could. And I

remember the guy we picked up started to cry. This is what I'm getting

at. He was a navy pilot. They were off the Forrestal And he

knew the other guy was either killed or captured, and he started to

bawl. It was horrible for him. His buddy. But we couldn't go back.

We couldn't risk the chopper and five guys. We were lucky we got

THE PURIFYING RITUAL

one. So we got back to our base and we got out and we looked at the

chopper and there were a hundred and fifty-one bullet holes in it.

Never hit a hydraulic line, a fuel line, but the rotors were all pinged

up, a lot of bullets hit the rotors. Bent them a little bit. If they hit

the tail rotor, you go right down, but they didn't. You know they

shot down five thousand helicopters during that war? Twenty-eight

hundred jet fighters we lost. They lost two hundred fifty B-52s in

high-altitude bombing over North Vietnam. But the government'll

never tell you that. Not that. They tell you what they want to tell

you. Never Slick Willie who gets caught. It's the guy who served

who gets caught. Over and over. Nope, doesn't seem right. You

know what I was thinking? I was thinking that if I had a son he'd be

out here with me now. Ice fishin'. That's what I was thinking when

you walked out here. I looked up and I saw someone comin', and

I'm sort of daydreamin', and I thought, That could be my son. Not

you, not a man like you, but my son."

"Don't you have a son?"

"No."

"Never married?" I asked.

This time he didn't answer me right off. He looked at me, homed

in on me as though I had a signal that was going off like the two pilots

bailing out, but he didn't answer me. Because he knows, I

thought. He knows I was at Faunia's funeral. Somebody told him

that "the author" was there. What kind of author does he think I

am? An author who writes books about crimes like his? An author

who writes books about murderers and murder?

"Doomed," he said finally, staring back into the hole and jiggling

his rod, jerking it with a flick of his wrist a dozen or so times. "Marriage

was doomed. Came back from Vietnam with too much anger

and resentment. Had PTSD. I had what they call post-traumatic

stress disorder. That's what they told me. When I come back, I didn't

want to know anybody. I come back, I couldn't relate to anything

that was going on around here, as far as civilized living. It's

like I was there so long, it was totally insane. Wearing clean clothes,

and people saying hello, and people smiling, and people going to

THE HUMAN STAIN

parties, and people driving cars—I couldn't relate to it anymore. I

didn't know how to talk to anybody, I didn't know how to say hello

to anybody. I withdrew for a long time. I used to get in my car, drive

around, go in the woods, walk in the woods—it was the weirdest

thing. I withdrew from myself. I had no idea what I was going

through. My buddies would call me, I wouldn't call back. They

were afraid I was going to die in a car accident, they were afraid

I was—"

I interrupted. "Why were they afraid you were going to die in a

car accident?"

"I was drinking. I was driving around and drinking."

"Did you ever get into a car accident?"

He smiled. Didn't take a pause and stare me down. Didn't give

me an especially threatening look. Didn't jump up and go for my

throat. Just smiled a little, more good nature in the smile than I

could have believed he had in him to show. In a deliberately lighthearted

way, he shrugged and said, "Got me. I didn't know what I

was going through, you know? Accident? In an accident? I wouldn't

know if I did. I suppose I didn't. You're going through what they

call post-traumatic stress disorder. Stuff keeps coming back into

your subconscious mind that you're back in Vietnam, that you're

back in the army again. I'm not an educated guy. I didn't even know

that. People were so pissed at me for this and that, and they didn't

even know what I was going through and I didn't even know—you

know? I don't have educated friends who know these things. I got

assholes for friends. Oh, man, I mean real guaranteed hundred percent

assholes or double your money back." Again the shrug. Comical?

Intended to be comical? No, more a happy-go-lucky strain of

sinisterness. "So what can I do?" he asked helplessly.

Conning me. Playing with me. Because he knows I know. Here

we are alone up where we are, and I know, and he knows I know.

And the auger knows. All ye know and all ye need to know, all inscribed

in the spiral of its curving steel blade.

"How'd you find out you had PTSD?"

"A colored girl at the VA. Excuse me. An African American. A

THE PURIFYING RITUAL

very intelligent African American. She's got a master's degree. You

got a master's degree?"

"No," I said.

"Well, she's got one, and that's how I found out what I had. Otherwise

I still wouldn't know. That's how I started learning about

myself, what I was going through. They told me. And not just me.

Don't think it was just me. Thousands and thousands of guys were

going through what I was going through. Thousands and thousands

of guys waking up in the middle of the night back in Vietnam.

Thousands and thousands of guys people are calling up and

they don't call them back. Thousands and thousands of guys having

these real bad dreams. And so I told that to this African American

and she understood what it was. Because she had that master's

degree, she told me how it was going through my subconscious

mind, and that it was the same with thousands and thousands

of other guys. The subconscious mind. You can't control it. It's like

the government. It is the government. It's the government all over

again. It gets you to do what you don't want to do. Thousands and

thousands of guys getting married and it's doomed, because they

have this anger and this resentment about Vietnam in their subconscious

mind. She explained all this to me. They just popped me

from Vietnam onto a C-41 air force jet to the Philippines, then on a

World Airways jet to Travis Air Force Base, then they gave me two

hundred dollars to go home. So it took me, like, from the time I left

Vietnam to go home, it took about three days. You're back in civilization.

And you're doomed. And your wife, even if it's ten years

later, she's doomed. She's doomed, and what the hell did she do?

Nothin'."

"Still have the PTSD?"

"Well, I still tend to isolate, don't I? What do you think I'm doin'

out here?"

"But no more drinking and driving," I heard myself saying. "No

more accidents."

"There were never accidents. Don't you listen? I already told you

that. Not that I know of."

THE HUMAN STAIN

"And the marriage was doomed."

"Oh yeah. My fault. Hundred percent. She was a lovely woman.

Entirely blameless. All me. Always all me. She deserved a helluva lot

better than me."

"What happened to her?" I asked.

He shook his head. A sad shrug, a sigh—complete bullshit, deliberately

transparent bullshit. "No idea. Ran away, I scared her so.

Scared the woman shitless. My heart goes out to her, wherever she

may be. Completely blameless person."

"No kids."

"Nope. No kids. You?" he asked me.

"No."

"Married?"

"No more," I said.

"So, you and me in the same boat. Free as the wind. What kind of

books do you write? Whodunits?"

"I wouldn't say that."

"True stories?"

"Sometimes."

"What? Romance?" he asked, smiling. "Not pornography, I

hope." He pretended that that was an unwanted idea it vexed him

even to entertain. "I sure hope our local author is not up there in

Mike Dumouchel's place writing and publishing pornography."

"I write about people like you," I said.

"Is that right?"

"Yes. People like you. Their problems."

"What's the name of one of your books?"

"The Human Stain"

"Yeah? Can I get it?"

"It's not out yet. It's not finished yet."

"I'll buy it."

"I'll send you one. What's your name?"

"Les Farley. Yeah, send it. When you finish it, send it care of the

town garage. Town Garage. Route 6. Les Farley." Needling me

again, sort of needling everyone—himself, his friends, "our local

THE PURIFYING RITUAL

author"—he said, even as he began laughing at the idea, "Me and

the guys'll read it." He didn't so much laugh aloud as nibble at the

bait of an out-loud laugh, work up to and around the laugh without

quite sinking his teeth in. Close to the hook of dangerous merriment,

but not close enough to swallow it.

"I hope you will," I said.

I couldn't just turn and go then. Not on that note, not with him

shedding ever so slightly a bit more of the emotional incognito,

not with the possibility raised of peering a little further into his

mind. "What were you like before you went into the service?" I

asked him.

"Is this for your book?"

"Yes. Yes." I laughed out loud. Without even intending to, with a

ridiculous, robust burst of defiance, I said, foolishly, "It's all for my

book."

And he now laughed with more abandon too. On this loony bin

of a lake.

"Were you a gregarious guy, Les?"

"Yeah," he said. "I was."

"With people?"

"Yeah."

"Like to have a good time with them?"

"Yeah. Tons of friends. Fast cars. You know, all that stuff. I

worked all the time. But when I wasn't working, yeah."

"And all you Vietnam veterans ice fish?"

"I don't know." The nibbling laughter once again. I thought, It's

easier for him to kill somebody than to cut loose with real amusement.

"I started ice fishing," he told me, "not that long ago. After my

wife ran away. I rented a little shack, back in the woods, on Dragonfly.

Back in the woods, right on the water, Dragonfly Pond, and I always

summer fished, all my life, but I was never too interested in ice

fishing. I always figure it's too cold out there, you know? So the first

winter I lived on the pond, and I wasn't myself that winter—goddamn

PTSD—I was watching this ice fisherman walk out there and

THE HUMAN STAIN

go out fishing. So I watched this a couple of times, so one day I put

on my clothes and took a walk out there and this guy was catching a

lot of fish, yellow perch and trout and everything. So I figure, this

fishin' is just as good as the summertime, if not better. All you have

to do is get the right amount of clothing on and get the right equipment.

So I did. I went down and bought an auger, a nice auger"—

he points—"jiggin' rod, lures. Hundreds of different kinds of lures

you can get. Hundreds of different manufacturers and makes. All

various sizes. You drill a hole through the ice, and you drop your favorite

lure down there with the bait on it—it's just a hand movement,

you just make that jig move up and down, you know. Because

it's dark down underneath the ice. Oh, it is dark all right," he told

me, and, for the first time in the conversation, he looked at me with

not too much but too little opacity in his face, too little deceit, too

little duplicity. In his voice there was a chilling resonance when

he said, "It's real dark." A chilling and astonishing resonance that

made everything about Coleman's accident clear. "So any kind of a

flash down there," he added, "the fish are attracted to it. I guess

they're adaptable to that dark environment."

No, he's not stupid. He's a brute and he's a killer but not so dumb

as I thought. It isn't a brain that is missing. Beneath whatever the

disguise, it rarely is.

"Because they have to eat," he's explaining to me, scientifically.

"They find food down there. And their bodies are able to adapt to

that extracold water and their eyes adapt to the dark. They're sensitive

to movement. If they see any kind of flashes or they maybe feel

the vibrations of your lure moving, they're attracted to it. They

know that it's something alive and it might be edible. But if you

don't jig it, you'll never get a hit. If I had a son, you see, which is

what I was thinkin', I'd be teachin' him how to jig it. I'd be teachin'

him how to bait the lure. There's different kinds of baits, you see,

most of them are fly larvae or bee larvae that they raise for ice

fishin'. And we'd go down to the store, me and Les Junior, and we'd

buy 'em at the ice fishin' store. And they come in a little cup, you

know. If I had Little Les right now, a son of my own, you know, if I

THE PURIFYING RITUAL

wasn't doomed instead for life with this freakin' PTSD, I'd be out

here with him teachin' him all this stuff. I'd teach him how to use

the auger." He pointed to the tool, still just out of reach behind him

on the ice. "I use a five-inch auger. They come from four inches up

to eight inches. I prefer a five-inch hole. It's perfect. I never had a

problem yet gettin' a fish through a five-inch hole. Six is a little too

big. The reason six is too big, the blades are another inch wider,

which doesn't seem like much, but if you look at the five-inch auger

—here, let me show you." He got up and went over and he got

the auger. Despite the padded coveralls and the boots that added to

his bulk as a shortish, stocky man, he moved deftly across the ice,

sweeping up the auger in one hand the way you might sweep the

bat up off the field while jogging back to the bench after running

out a fly ball. He came up to me and raised the auger's long bright

bit right up to my face. "Here."

Here. Here was the origin. Here was the essence. Here.

"If you look at the five-inch auger compared to the six-inch

auger," he said, "it's a big difference. When you're hand drilling

through a foot to eighteen inches of ice, it takes a lot more effort to

use a six-inch than a five-inch. With this here I can drill through a

foot and a half of ice in about twenty seconds. If the blades are

good and sharp. The sharpness is everything. You always gotta keep

your blades sharp."

I nodded. "It's cold out here on the ice."

"You better believe it."

"Didn't notice till now. I'm getting cold. My face. It's getting to

me. I should be going." And I took my first step backward and away

from the thin slush surrounding him and the hole he was fishing.

"Good enough. And you know your ice fishing now, don't you?

Maybe you want to write a book about that instead of a whodunit."

Shuffling backward a half-step at a time, I'd retreated toward the

shore some four or five feet, but he was still holding the auger up in

his one hand, the corkscrew blade raised still to the level where my

eyes had been before. Completely bested, I'd begun backing away.

"And now you know my secret spot. That too. You know every-

THE HUMAN STAIN

thing," he said. "But you won't tell nobody, will you? It's nice to

have a secret spot. You don't tell anybody about 'em. You learn not

to say anything."

"It's safe with me," I said.

"There's a brook that comes in down off the mountain, it flows

over ledges. Did I tell you that?" he said. "I never traced its source.

It's a constant flow of water that comes down into the lake here

from there. And there's a spillway on the south side of the lake,

which is where the water flows out." He pointed, still with that auger.

He was holding it tight in the fingertipless glove of one big

hand. "And then there's numerous springs underneath the lake.

The water comes up from underneath, so the water constantly

turns over. It cleans itself. And fish have to have clean water to survive

and get big and healthy. And this place has all of those ingredients.

And they're all God-made. Nothing man had to do with it.

That's why it's clean and that's why I come here. If man has to do

with it, stay away from it. That's my motto. The motto of a guy with

a subconscious mind full of PTSD. Away from man, close to God.

So don't you forget to keep this my secret place. The only time a secret

gets out, Mr. Zuckerman, is when you tell that secret."

"I hear ya."

"And, hey, Mr. Zuckerman—the book."

"What book?"

"Your book. Send the book."

"You got it," I said, "it's in the mail," and started back across the

ice. He was behind me, still holding that auger as slowly I started

away. It was a long way. If I even made it, I knew that my five years

alone in my house here were over. I knew that if and when I

finished the book, I was going to have to go elsewhere to live.

I turned from the shore, once I was safely there, to look back and

see if he was going to follow me into the woods after all and to do

me in before I ever got my chance to enter Coleman Silk's boyhood

house and, like Steena Palsson before me, to sit with his East Orange

family as the white guest at Sunday dinner. Just facing him, I

could feel the terror of the auger—even with him already seated

THE PURIFYING RITUAL

back on his bucket: the icy white of the lake encircling a tiny spot

that was a man, the only human marker in all of nature, like the X

of an illiterate's signature on a sheet of paper. There it was, if not

the whole story, the whole picture. Only rarely, at the end of our

century, does life offer up a vision as pure and peaceful as this one:

a solitary man on a bucket, fishing through eighteen inches of ice in

a lake that's constantly turning over its water atop an arcadian

mountain in America.